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THE  PUBLIC  UTILITIES 
COMMISSION  OF  OHIO 


A  Uniform  Classification 
of  Accounts  for  Electric 

Utilities 


EFFECTIVE  JANUARY  1,  1915 


COLUMBUS,  OHIO 
1914 


THE   PUBLIC    UTILITIES   COMMISSION 

OF   OHIO 


A  Uniform  Classification  of  Accounts 

for 

Electric  Utilities 


EFFECTIVE    JANUARY    1,    1915 


COLUMBUS,  OHIO 
1914 


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columbus,   ohio 
thf:  f.  j.  hebr  printing  go. 

1914 

Bound    at    the    State    Bindery. 


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At  a  REGULAR  SESSION  of  THE  PUBLIC  UTILITIES  COMMISSION 
OF  OHIO,  held  at  Columbus,  Ohio,  on  the  twenty-fifth  day  of  November,  1914. 

In  the  Matter  of  a  Uniform  Classification  of  )  ADMINISTRATIVE 
Accounts  for  Electric  Utilities.  j  ORDER  No.  tl. 

The  Commission,  acting  under  the  laws  of  Ohio  relating  to  public  utilities, 
including  municipally  owned  or  operated  utilities,  and  in  the  exercise  of  the  powers 
conferred  upon  it  by  law,  and  after  due  notice  to  all  public  utilities  to  be  affected 
thereby,  including  municipally  owned  or  operated  utilities,  deeming  it  advisable, 
after  full  investigation,  to  establish  a  system  of  accounts  and  records  to  be  used  and 
kept  by  all  public  utilities,  engaged  in  the  generation,  transmission  or  sale  of 
electricity,  including  mimicipally  owned  or  operated  electric  utilities,  it  is,  therefore, 

ORDERED,  That  the  system  of  accounts  and  records,  fully  set  forth  and 
described  in  a  pamphlet,  identified  and  designated  as,  "A  Uniform  Classification 
of  Accounts  for  Electric  Utilities,"  said  pamphlet  and  all  of  its  contents  being 
referred  to  herein,  hereto  attached  and  made  a  part  hereof,  be  and  the  same  is 
hereby  established  and  prescribed  as  the  system  of  accounts  and  records  to  be 
kept  and  used  by  each  and  all  of  said  utilities.     It  is  further 

ORDERED,  That  each  such  utility  of  each  class,  as  the  same  is  designated 
in  said  pamphlet,  shall  carry  on  its  books,  the  accounts  and  records  herein  pre- 
scribed for  a  utility  of  that  class,  and  shall  accurately  keep  such  accounts  in  ac- 
cordance with  the  requirements,  definitions  and  instructions  contained  and  set  out 
in  said  pamphlet.     It  is  further 

ORDERED,  That  this  order  shall  take  effect  on  January  first,  ini5,  and 
shall  continue  in  force  until  suspended,  modified  or  set  aside  by  this  Commission. 

THE  PUBLIC  UTILITIES  COMMISSION  OF  OHIO, 

O.   H.  Hughes,   Chairfiian, 
C.  C.  Marshall, 
E.  W.  Doty, 

CojiDiiissioners. 
A  true  copy  : 


Secretary 


304S11 


CONTENTS 

PAGE 

Order  of  the  Commission 3 

General  Instructions   7 

Explanations   and    Definitions 12 

Classification  of  x\ccounts  — 

All  Classes  —  "A",  "B",  "C"  and  "D" 16 

Class  "A"  —  Balance   Sheet   Accounts 25 

—  Income  Accounts   29 

Class  "B"  —  Balance    Sheet    Accounts. • 34 

—  Income  Accounts   37 

4 

Class   '"C"  — ■  Balance    Sheet   Accounts 40 

—  Income  Accounts 42 

Class  "D"  —  Balance    Sheet   Accounts 43 

—  Income  Accounts   44 

Detailed  Text  of  Accounts  — 

0  — •  Operating  Revenues    45 

1  —  Operation    47 

2  —  Maintenance    59 

3  —  General  Expenses    68 

4  —  Miscellaneous  Revenues  and   Expenses 72 

5  —  Fixed  Assets   73 

6  —  Investments  and  Funds 85 

7  —  Current  and  Nominal   Assets 87 

8  —  Liabilities 90 

9  —  Proprietary  Interests,  Reserves  and   Profit  &  Loss  Account 92 

Provisions  for  Deferred  Maintenance 99 

Additional   Instructions   for  Municipally  Owned  and   Operated   Utilities 103 

Appendix  —  Instructions  and  Definitions  of  Accounts  for  Class  "D"  Utilities.  107 

5 


GENERAL  INSTRUCTIONS 


dlectric  Utility  defined:  Any  person  or  persons,  firm  or  firms,  copartner- 
ihip  or  voluntary  association,  municipal  corporation,  joint  stock  association,  com- 
pany or  corporation,  wherever  organized  or  incorporated,  when  engaged  in  the 
business  of  supplying  electricity  for  light,  heat  or  power  purposes  to  consumers 
A'ithin  this  state,  is  an  electric  utility. 

CLASSIFICATION  OF  COMPANIES 

For  the  purpose  of  this  system  of  accounts,  eacl:  electric  plant  serving  a 
distinct  locality,  and  separately  operated,  shall  be  considered  a  separate  utility, 
even  though  two  or  more  such  plants  are  held  in   common  ownership. 

Utilities  are  divided  into  four  classes,  as  follows : 

CLASS  "A"  —  Utilities  having  average  annual  operating  revenues  exceeding 
$200,000.00. 

CLASS  "B"  —  Utilities  having  average  annual  operating  revenues  exceeding 
1100,000,00  but   not  more  than  $200,000.00. 

CLASS  "C"  —  Utilities  having  average  annual  operating  revenues  exceeding 
$20,000.00,  but  not  more  than  $100,000.00. 

CLASS  "D"— Utilities  having  average  annual  operating  revenues  of  $20,000.00 
or  less. 

Condensed  instructions  for  Class  ''D"  utilities  are  given  on  page  107. 
This  basis  of  division,  together  with  the  opportunity  for  development  of  each 
utility,  will  determine  the  accounts   to  be  kept. 

SCHEME  OF  ACCOUNTS  EXPLAINED 

To  each  of  the  above  classes  is  assigned  a  system  of  accounts  which  repre- 
sents the  minimum  number  of  accounts  which  each  utility  of  that  class  shall 
carry. 

Each  classification  of  accounts  follows  the  same  general  principles  and  is 
inter-related  with  each  of  the  other  classifications.  The  accounts  prescribed  for 
each  class  will  permit  of  a  comparison  of  operating  results  between  the  smallest 
and  largest  plants. 

Any  utility  may  use  the  accounts  prescribed  for  utilities  of  the  next  higher 
class,  and  it  may  further  divide  any  accounts  into  such  subdivisions  as  it  deems 
necessary  for  its  operation.  It  may  keep  any  additional  accounts  supplemental 
to,  or  explanatory  of,  accounts  prescribed  for  the  class,  but  all  of  its  accounts 
must  be  so  kept  that  the  sum  of  two  or  more  such  accounts  will  constitute  one 
of  the  accounts  in  the  classification  prescribed  for  such  class. 

The  inter-relation  of  the  accounts  prescribed  for  each  class  with  the  accounts 
prescribed  for  other  classes  is  shown  in  the  classification  on  page   16. 

All  of  the  accounts  included  in  any  scheme  of  accounts  fall  primarily  into 
two  grand   divisions,   namely: 

(1)  Income  and  Profit  and  Loss  Accounts,  reflecting  a  history  of  the  opera- 
tions and  their  profit  and  loss  results  for  a  given  period  of  time. 

(2)  Balance  Sheet  Accounts,  reflecting  the  financial  status  and  proprietary 
relationships  as  at  a  given   date. 

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In  this  system,  each  of  these  grand  divisions  is  again  divided  into  summary 
accounts  (five  in  each  division),  and  each  of  these  ten  summary  accounts  com- 
prising the  entire  system,  is  again  subdivided  for  the  utility  of  the  next  higher 
class,  and  so  on,  to  the  highest  class. 

The  ten  summary  accounts,  comprising  the  entire  system,  are  as  follows : 

0.  Operating  Revenues    (electric  utility  only). 

1.  Operation    (electric   utility  only). 

2.  Maintenance   (electric  utility  only). 

3.  General  Expense   (electric  utility  only). 

4.  Miscellaneous  Revenue  and  Expense   (Non-operating  and  sub-utility). 

5.  Fixed  Assets. 

6.  Investments  and  Funds. 

7.  Current  and  Nominal  Assets. 

8.  Funded,  Current  and  Nominal  Liabilities. 

9.  Proprietary  Interests,  Reserves  and  Income  and  Profit  &  Loss  Account. 

The  Income  and  Profit  and  Loss  Account  is  the  connecting  link  which,  after 
there  has  been  closed  into  it  the  five  temporary  accounts  comprising  the  first 
grand  division,  and  the  result  added  to  the  permanent  accounts  reflecting  the 
proprietary  interests  in  summary  group  (9),  this  group  of  accounts  will  measure 
the  difference  between  the  sum  of  the  assets  and  the  sum  of  the  liabilities,  and 
thus  become  a  part  of  the  second  grand  division  of  five  summary  accounts  com- 
prising the  Balance  Sheet. 

Summary  Accounts  "0  to  4"  are  for  recording  the  revenues  and  expenses. 

Summary  Accounts  "5  to  8"  are  for  recording  the  assets  and  liabilities. 

Summary  Accounts  "9"  are  for  recording  the  proprietary  interests  and  to 
clear  the  revenue  and  expense  accounts  for  a  period,  the  net  result  of  which 
operation  either  adds  to  or  deducts  from  the  proprietary  interests  which  are  rep- 
resented by  the  accounts  for  Capital,  Surplus  and  Reserves. 

The  ten  Summary  Accounts  comprising  the  first  order  are,  therefore,  indi- 
cated numerically  by  a  symbol  containing  a  single  digit. 

As  these  accounts  are  divided  into  accounts  of  the  next  higher,  or  second, 
order,  they  are  indicated  numerically  by  a  symbol  containing  two  digits ;  the  first 
digit  in  which  is  identical  with  the  digit   indicating  the   summary   account. 

As  the  accounts  of  the  second  order  are  again  subdivided  into  accounts  of 
the  third  order,  they  are  indicated  numerically  by  a  symbol  containing  three  digits ; 
the  first  two  digits  in  which  are  identical  with  those  representing  the  account  of 
the  second  order  which  has  been  subdivided  into  accounts  for  the  third  order, 
and  the  first  digit  in  which  indicates  the  summary  account  of  the  first  order  to 
which  it  belongs. 

As  the  accounts  of  the  third  order  are  again  subdivided  into  accounts  of  the 
fourth  order,  they  are  indicated  by  the  same  symbol  of  three  digits  as  they  were 
in  the  third  order,  and  the  further  subdivision  is  indicated  by  the  addition  to  the 
numerical  symbol  of  the  small  letters   (a),   (b),   (c),  etc. 

Any  account  of  the  highest  order  herein,  therefore,  can  be  identified  with 
the  account  of  the  next  lower  order,  and  the  lowest  order  of  which  it  is  a  sub- 
division, by  identity  of  the  first  two  digits  in  the  scheme  of  notation  which  has 
been  adopted. 

Illustration:  The  account  "Operation"  in  the  lowest  order  of  accounts  for 
Class  "D"  utilities  is  indicated  by  the  numeral  "1". 

In  this  classification  "Operation"  has  been  divided  for  the  next  higher  order 
of  accounts  for  Class  "C"  utilities  into— 


11  —  Steam    Power    Production 

12  —  Transmission 

13  —  Storage 

14 —  Distribution 

15  —  Utilization.     Etc.      Etc. 

The  account  "Steam  Power  Production"  indicated  by  the  numeral  "11"  has, 
for  the  next  higher  order  of  accounts  for  Class-  "B"  utilities,  been  sub-divided 
into — 

HI — 'Station  Wages 

112  —  Fuel    for    Steam 

113  — Water  for  Steam 

114  —  Lubricants.     Etc.     Etc. 

The  first  two  digits  in  the  numeral  "111"  show  its  relation  to  Account  No. 
11  for  the  second  order  of  accounts,  and  the  first  digit  shows  its  relation  to 
Account  No.  1  "Operation"  for  the  first  order. 

Account  No.  Ill  "Station  Wages"  has,  in  the  accounts  of  the  highest  or 
fourth  order,  been  again  sub-divided  for  Class  "A"  utilities  into — 

Ilia  —  Superintendence 
111b  — Boiler  Labor 
111c — -Engine  Labor 
Hid  —  Electrical  Labor 
Hie  —  Miscellaneous  Labor 

As  this  system  of  accounts  may  be  used  by  electric  utilities  generating  cur- 
rent either  by  steam  power,  gas  power,  or  water  power,  a  classification  has  been 
made  for  each  of  these  methods  of  production. 

To  distinguish  between  the  kinds  of  production  there  has  been  further  added 
to  the  scheme  of  numerical  notation  a  mnemonic  symbol. 

Thus  the  account  —  "Sill"  indicates  Station  Wages  —  steam  power  produc- 
tion. 
"Gill"  Station  Wages  —  gas  power  production,  and 
"Will"  Station  Wages  —  water  power  production. 

While  the  classification  on  page  16  exhibits  the  accounts  prescribed  for 
each  class,  as  well  as  the  inter-relation  between  the  classes,  there  has  also  been 
included,  for  quick  reference,  a  separate  classification  index  for  each  of  the  classes 
A,  B,  C  and  D. 

In  these  separate  indexes  for  each  class,  the  accounts  have  been  designated 
by  the  same  numerical  symbol  as  in  the  main  classification,  but  their  order  has 
been  rearranged  and  they  have  been  grouped  under  headings  of  "Balance  Sheet 
Accounts"  and  "Income  Accounts".  The  operating  expense  accounts  also  have 
been  regrouped  under  departmental  headings  into  the  three  divisions  of  Operation, 
Maintenance,  and  General  Expense,  comprising  the  summary  account  numbers  1, 
2  and  3. 

The  larger  utilities,  which  do  not  maintain  general  ledger  accounts  for  each 
of  the  accounts  provided  for  in  the  classification,  but  who  maintain  controlling 
accounts  against  certain  groups  of  accounts,  and  establish  the  primary  accounts 
by  means  of  auxiliary  analysis  sheets  or  otherwise,  are  at  liberty  to  maintain  such 
controlling  accounts  for  expenses  under  captions  of  "Operation",  "Maintenance" 
and  "General  Expense",  or  combinations  or  subdivisions  thereof,  or  they  may  main- 
tain such  controlling  accounts  under  departmental  captions  of  "Production", 
"Transmission",  "Distribution  ",  etc.,  (or  combinations  or  subdivisions  thereof) 
into  which  the  separate  classification  on  pages  25,  34  and  40  have  rearranged 
the  order  of  the  general  classification  on  page  16. 


lO 

NUMBERING  ACCOUNTS 

The  numbering  of  the  accounts  is  solely  for  convenience  of  reference,  and 
is  not  considered  a  part  of  the  title  or  definition. 

The  employment  of  the  scheme  of  notation  herein  suggested,  as  a  part  of 
the  bookkeeping  machinery,  can,  however,  be  made  of  great  service. 

Its  primary  purpose,  however,  is  to  show  the  inter-relation  of  all  of  the 
accounts  prescribed  for  each  class  of  utilities  with  the  accounts  of  each  of  the 
other  classes,  thus  establishing  the  uniformity  of  the  system  for  all  classes  for 
purposes  of  comparison,  merely  more  refinement  and  more  minute  subdivisions 
being  required   from  the  larger  utilities  than  is   required   from  the   smaller  ones. 

DOUBLE  ENTRY  BOOKKEEPING 

All  accounts  in  this  system  shall  be  kept  by  the  double  entry  method  of  book- 
keeping. 

AUXILIARY  RECORDS 

Each  utility  shall  keep  its  records  in  such  a  manner  as  to  show  the  full  facts 
connected  with  matters  covered  by  the  accounts  provided  herein.  When  imprac- 
ticable to  record  full  information  in  the  general  books,  the  entries  therein  shall 
be  supported  by  other  records  in  which  the  details  shall  be  fully  stated,  and  the 
entries  in  the  general  books  shall  contain  such  reference  to  the  detailed  records 
as  will  enable  a  ready  identification  and  verification  of  the  facts  therein  recorded. 
The  detailed  records  shall  be  filed  in  such  a  manner  as  to  be  readily  accessible 
for  examination  by  the  representatives  of  the  Public  Utilities  Commission. 

SEPARATE  ACCOUNTS  FOR  DISTINCT  LOCALITY  OPERATIONS 

So  that  the  cost  of  rendering  service,  and  the  revenue  derived  therefrom, 
may  be  determined  for  each  distinct  locality,  it  will  be  required  that  a  company 
operating  electric  utilities  in  several  distinct  localities  maintain  separate  plant  and 
equipment  accounts,  and  separate  revenue  and  expense  accounts,  in  accordance 
with  this  classification,  in  every  instance  where  distinct  localities  are  separately 
served  by  separate  plants. 

Plants  in  separate  but  contiguous  poHtical  sub-divisions,  if  connected  by 
Transmission  Lines,  shall  be  considered  as  one  operating  unit,  unless  otherwise 
ordered  by  the  Commission. 

Transmission  Lines  are  lines  used  for  the  purpose  of  conveying  electric 
current   from  the  generating  station  to  substations  or  other  stations. 

Overhead'  expenses  covering  several  plants  held  in  'common  ownership,  may 
be  distributed  to  the  several  plants,  but  the  distribution  must  be  made  upon  an 
equitable  basis,  and  such  basis  must  clearly  appear  from  the  accounts  and  will  be 
called  for  in  the  annual  reports  to  the  Public  Utilities  Commission  of  Ohio. 

Any  utility  thus  operating  separate  plants  must,  of  necessity,  keep  for  its 
own  purposes  such  accounts  for  the  utility  regarded  as  a  whole,  in  which  to 
record  such  data  as  would  not  be  reflected  in  the  accounts  for  each  separate  plant, 
but  all  financial  transactions  between  the  utility  regarded  as  a  whole  and  each 
separate  plant  thereof,  regarded  as  a  separate  utility,  must  be  so  shown  as  to 
clearly  separate  any  charges  or  credits  distributed  to  the  accounts  for  each  sepa- 
rate plant. 

When  the  same  utility  plant  supplies  service  in  different  localities,  so  far 
as  practicable,  the  accounts  of  such  utility  shall  be  so  kept  that  the  operating 
expense   and   operating   revenue   in   each   locality   may   be   easily   determined. 

If  the  Commission  shall,  hereafter,  call  for  such  information,  and  if,  in  the 
case  of  any  utility  it  shall  appear  that  reasonable  effort  has  not  been  made  to 


II 

comply  with  this  provision  of  this  system  of  accounts,  it  will  be  necessary  in  such 
case,  as  to  such  utility,  to  supplement  the  order  establishing  this  system  with  a 
further  and  more  explicit  requirement.  Any  utility  in  doubt  as  to  whether  in  its 
case  separate  accounts  should  be  kept,  and  to  what  extent,  is  invited  to  confer 
with  the  Commission. 

CORRESPONDENCE  WITH  THE  COMMISSION 

The  classification  has  been  prepared  with  the  view  of  making  it  adaptable 
to  the  varied  local  conditions,  yet  it  is  quite  probable  that  all  circumstances  have 
not  been  foreseen.  Accounting  officers  are  urged  to  correspond  with  the  Com- 
mission should  difficulties  arise  with  regard  to  the  interpretation  of  any  account 
or  rule  therein  prescribed  in  order  that  uniformity  may  be  secured  in  the  applica- 
tion of  the  provisions  of  the  classification. 

In  prescribing  this  system  of  accounts,  the  Commission  does  not  bind  itself 
to  approve  any  item  set  out  in  any  account,  either  as  to  amount  or  character,  for 
rate-fixing  purposes  or  when  authorizing  the  issuance  of  securities.  The  classi- 
fication of  accounts  is  designed  to  set  out  the  facts  in  connection  with  the  income, 
expense,  etc.,  and  therefrom  the  Commission  will  determine,  when  engaged  in 
fixing  rates  or  approving  issues  of  securities,  just  what  consideration  shall  be 
given  to  the  various  items  in  the  several  accounts. 


EXPLANATIONS  AND  DEFINITIONS 


Revenues:  The  revenues  of  a  utility  are  the  amounts  of  money  or  money's 
worth  which  it  becomes  lawfully  entitled  to  receive,  and  hence  should  include  all 
amounts  which  have  been  earned,  or  which  have  accrued,  for  a  given  period, 
whether  received  in  cash  or  not. 

The  revenues  accruing  from  electric  operations  are  herein  provided  for 
under  Summary  Account  No.  0  —  "Operating  Revenues". 

The  revenues  accruing  from  non-operating  sources  or  from  sub-utility  opera- 
tions are  herein  provided  for  in  Summary  Account  No.  4  —  "Miscellaneous  Rev- 
enue and  Expense". 

Operating  Revenues  Defined:  By  operating  .revenues  are  meant  all 
amounts  of  money  which  the  company  receives  or  becomes  entitled  to  receive 
for  electric  service  and  for  service  incident  thereto,  such  as  insurance  of  break 
down  service,  etc. 

Non-operating  Revenues  Defined:  By  non-operating  revenues  are  meant 
all  moneys  which  the  company  receives  or  becomes  entitled  to  receive  from  trans- 
actions apart  from  the  furnishing  of  electric  service,  or  as  a  return  upon  the 
property  of  the  corporation  in  the  hands  of  others,  or  from  its  interests  in  prop- 
erty in  the  hands  of  others. 

Sub-Utility  Revenue  and  Expense  Defined:  A  separate  account  has  been 
provided  for  those  companies  operating  other  public  utilities  such  as  steam  heating, 
street  railway,  or  any  other  public  utility  coming  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the 
Commission.  Pending  the  adoption  of  uniform  systems  of  accounts  for  such 
utilities,  electric  corporations  operating  these  sub-utilities  shall  maintain  separate 
property  accounts  and  separate  operating  expense  and  income  accounts  for  each 
utility. 

Expenses:  The  expenses  of  a  utility  are  the  accrued  costs  paid  or  payable 
for  services,  rents,  materials  utilized,  taxes,  insurance,  and  all  other  expenses 
incurred  in  the  conduct  and  management  of  its  business,  whether  taid  in  cash 
or  not.  The  expenses  incurred  for  electric  operations  are  provided  for  herein 
under  three  divisions ;  namely,  in 

Summary  Account  No.  1  —  Operation. 

No.  2 — Maintenance. 

No.  3  —  General  Expenses. 

The  expenses  incurred  in  connection  with  non-operating  and  sub-utility  rev- 
enues, are  provided  for  herein  in  Summary  Account  No.  4  —  "Miscellaneous  Rev- 
enues and  Expenses". 

Operating  Expenses  Defined:  By  operating  expenses  are  meant  the  ex- 
penses of  conducting  electric  operations  and  services  incident  thereto,  the  expenses 
of  maintaining  the  property  devoted  to  the  electric  operations  and  the  expenses 
of  collecting  revenues  and  accounting  and  the  general  and  supervision  expenses 
in  connection  with  the  foregoing.  In  order  that  the  operating  expenses  shall 
clearly  reflect  only  the  cost  of  rendering  such  service,  all  expenses  incident  to 
the  operation  of  any  other  utility  service  performed,'  or  of  any  transaction  of  a 
commercial  nature,  shall  be  excluded  therefrom. 

12 


13 

Operation  should  be  understood  to  mean  the  labor,  material,  supplies  and 
expenses  consumed  in  producing,  transmitting,  storing,  distributing  and  utilizing 
electric  current,  exclusive  of  all  charges  for  "Maintenance"  as  next  defined. 

Maintenance  should  be  understood  to  mean  the  cost  of  the  "upkeep"  of  the  ' 
plant  used  and  useful  in  electric  operations,  and  should  cover  all  expenditures 
(either  made  currently  or  deferred)  for  repairs,  renewals,  or  replacements  of 
property,  whether  resulting  through  wear  and  tear,  obsolescence,  inadequacy,  or 
through  those  casualties  incidental  to  the  nature  of  the  business,  and  which  ex- 
penditures are  necessary  in  order  to  keep  the  productive  capacity  of  the  plant  up 
to  its  original  or  equivalent  state  of  efificiency. 

General  Expenses  should  be  understood  to  mean  those  expenses  not  specif- 
ically classified  as  "operation"  or  "maintenance"  and  which  are  definitely  named 
and  distinguished  in  the  series  of  accounts  grouped  under  this  caption. 

The  items  includible  in  the  above  subdivisions,  except  where  some  other 
meaning  is  clearly  apparent  from  the  language  used  in  explaining  the  account 
shall  be  understood  to  have  the  following  meaning; 

The   Cost  of  Labor  shall   be  understood  to  cover  not   only   wages   paid    for 
manual  labor,  but  salaries  and  fees  paid  to  persons  engaged   in  clerical,  engineer 
ing  or  supervisory  occupations. 

Materials  and  Supplies  shall  be  understood  to  cover  the  substance  or  matter 
consumed  in  furnishing  electric  service  or  keeping  up  the  plant,  and  embraces  not 
only  finished  and  unfinished  products,  but  all  expenses  incurred  in  connection 
therewith,  and  if  such  material  and  supplies  pass  through  the  storeroom,  it  may 
also  include  a  proportion  of  the  store  expenses. 

Hand  tools,  because  of  their  liaoiiity  to  loss  and  theft  and  their  rapid  con- 
sumption in  use,  are  to  be  considered  as  operating  or  construction  supplies  in  the 
year  in  which  they  were  u?ed,  and  charged  in  the  account  for  the  benefit  of 
which  they  were  purchased. 

Expenses  should  be  understood  to  mean  all  expenditures  made  or  incurred 
which  are  chargeable  to  the  accounts  referred  to,  and  which  are  not  "labor"  or 
"materials  and  supplies"  as   herein   defined. 

Auxiliary  Operations:  Electric  utilities  operating  facilities  or  rendering 
services  other  than  those  incident  to  the  furnishing  of  electric  current  (the  cost 
of  the  property  used  in  such  operations  being  included  in  the  plant  and  equipment 
accounts)  shall  treat  such  operations  or  services  as  auxiliary  operations.  Utilities 
shall  keep  separate  revenue  and  expense  accounts  for  each  auxiliary  operation 
conducted,  and  shall  include  the  aggregate  of  the  revenues  and  the  aggregate  of 
the  expenses  of  auxiliary  operations  in  the  respective  accounts  provided  therefor 
under  Summary  Account  No.  4  —  "Miscellaneous  Revenues  and  Expenses". 

Assets:  The  assets  of  a  utility  are  the  properties  or  wealth  in  its  pos- 
session or  at  its  disposal,  both  tangible  and  intangible,  including  rights  and  actions. 
Under  Fixed  Assets  is  included  the  investment  in  plant,  and  provision  for  these 
accounts  has  been  made  herein  under  Summary  Account  No.  5,  which  classifies 
the  plant  investment  accounts  into  accounts  of  property  used  and  useful  in  electric 
operations,  and  into  "property  used  in  other  than  electric  operations". 

The  assets  consisting  of  Investments  and  specially  earmarked  Funds  are  pro- 
vided  for  herein  under   Summary  Account  No.   6. 

The  Current  and  Nomin-al  Assets  are  provided  for  under  Summary  Account 
•Mo.  7.  The  current  assets  consist  of  cash,  receivables,  materials  and  supplies, 
etc.,  and  the  nominal  assets  consist  of  the  prepaid  expenses  and  deferred  charges 
applicable  to  operations  of  future  periods. 

Liabilities:  The  liabilities  of  a  utility  are  the  amounts  of  money  or 
money's  worth  which  the  utility  is  under  legal  obligation  to  pay,  deliver  or  render 


14 

to  others.     The  liabilities  are  provided   for  herein   under   Summary  Account  No. 

8,  and  are  therein  separated  into  three  classes  —  Funded,  Current  and  Nominal. 
Proprietary  Interests:  The  proprietary  interests  of  a  utility  are  the  prop- 
erty rights  or  equities  of  the  stockholders  and  others  who  constitute  the  owners 
or  proprietors  of  the  business  in  the  assets  or  wealth  belonging  to  or  employed 
in  the  utility.  These  interests  are  always  equal  to  the  excess  of  the  sum  of  the 
assets  over  the  sum  of  the  liabilities.  The  Proprietary  Interests  have  been  pro- 
vided for  herein  in  Summary  Account  N6.  9,  which  has  been  divided  into  accounts 
representing  capital  stock  or  other  non-corporate  proprietary  interest,  and  into 
reserves  and  surplus. 

As  the  profit  or  loss  from  operation  for  a  given  period  either  adds  to  or 
subtracts  from  the  proprietary  interests,  all  accounts  affecting  such  profit  or  loss 
results  have  been  included  under  Summary  Account  No.  9,  under  the  sub-caption 
"Income  and  Profit  &  Loss  Account".  Into  this  latter  account  are  closed  at  the 
end  of  each  accounting  period  all  of  the  operating  revenue  and  operating  expense 
accounts,  and  also  the  miscellaneous  revenue  and  expense  accounts.  Interest  and 
other  deductions  from  income  are  likewise  provided  for  hereunder. 

Plant  Investment  Defined:  Property  which  has  an  expectation  of  life  of 
more  than  one  year  in  service,  (exception  being  made  of  hand  and  other  small 
portable  tools  liable  to  be  stolen  or  lost,  and  hence  to  be  considered  as  operating 

or  construction  supplies  and  charged  to  the  account  for  the  benefit  of  which  the 
expense  is  incurred),  is  properly  chargeable  to  the  appropriate  plant  investment 
accounts  herein  provided. 

All  charges  made  to  property  or  other  accounts  in  the  classification  shall  be 
the  actual  money  cost  of  things  in  respect  to  which  the  charges  are  made.  If 
the  consideration  actually  given  for  the  thing  in  respect  to  which  the  charge  to  a 
property  account  is  made,  is  anything  other  than  money,  the  actual  consideration 
shall  be  described  in  the  entry  with  sufficient  fulness  and  particularity  to  identify 
it,  and  the  amount  charged  shall  be  the  actual  money  value  of  such  consideration 
at  the  time  of  the  transaction. 

When  any  property  in  the  form  of  a  going  and  completed  plant  is  purchased, 
the  actual  amount  paid  therefor  shall  be  distributed  to  the  appropriate  accounts 
of  the  purchasing  utility,  but  before  making  such  distribution,  the  plan  thereof 
shall  be  communicated  to  and  approved  by  the  Commission. 

Discount  on  Debt:  The  discount  upon  bonds  issued  to  raise  capital  is 
provided  for  herein  in  separate  accounts,  and  must  in  no  case  be  charged  to  prop- 
erty accounts,  except  as  specifically  provided  for  in  Account  No.  575. 

Distinction    Between    Charges    to    Property    and    Charges    to    Expenses: 

The  importance  of  a  proper  distinction  is  apparent,  from  the  fact  that  a  charge 
to  a  Property  Account  which  should  have  been  made  to  an  Expense  Account, 
overstates  both  the  Property  Account  and  the  Net  Profit  for  the  period.  Hence, 
the  necessity  for  the   following  rules  : 

1.  Only  the  actual  cost  in  money  of  Additions  and  Betterments  of  the 
physical  property  of  the  utility,  and  such  other  intangible  capital  as  is  provided 
for  herein,   shall  constitute   a   permanent  charge  to  the   Plant   Accounts. 

'2.  Additions  are  structures,  facilities,  equipment  and  other  property  added 
to  those  in  service  at  the  beginning  of  operations  and  not  taking  the  place  of  any 
property   for  like  purposes,   previously  held  by  the  accounting  utility. 

3.  Betterments  are  physical  changes  in  structures,  facilities  or  equipment, 
the  object  of  which  is  to  make  the  properties  affected  more  useful  or  of  greater 
capacity  than  they  were  at  the  time  of  their  original  installation  or  acquisition. 
Charges   to    Plant   Investment   accounts    for   Betterments   made   shall   include   only 


it 

such  portion  of  the  cost  of  betterments  as  will,  when  added  to  the  original  cost 
of  the  property  bettered,  give  the  cost  of  the  property  in  its  bettered  condition. 
Since  any  betterment  of  existing  structures,  facilities  and  equipment  in- 
volves the  partial  destruction  or  partial  reconstruction  of  the  thing  improved, 
only  such  portion  of  the  cost  of  the  change  shall  be  charged  to  the  Plant  Invest- 
ment account  as  will,  when  added  to  the  original  cost  (estimated  if  not  known) 
of  the  thing  bettered,  give  the  cost  of  the  thing  as  bettered.  The  remainder 
of  the  cost  of  the  change  (account  having  been  taken  of  any  salvage)  shall  be 
charged  to  the  appropriate  "Deferred  Upkeep  Reserve"  account.  (See  chapter 
on   Deferred  Maintenance.) 

4.  Beside  the  cost  of  labor  and  material  actually  used  in  the  installation  of 
an  addition  or  Betterment  there  may  also  be  included  all  sundry  expenses  that 
result  directly  from  the  purchase,  installation,  or  the  preparation  therefor;  namely, 
such  items  as  are  included  under  Account  No.  57  —  Miscellaneous  Construction 
and  Equipment  Expenditures. 

5.  Plant  Accounts  shall  be  charged  with  the  expenditures  for  physical  prop- 
erty to  replace  that  retired  from  service;  and  the  cost  of  the  property  retired 
shall  be  credited  to  the  Plant  Account  and  charged  to  the  appropriate  "Deferred 
Upkeep   Reserve". 

Contingent  Assets  and  Liabilities:  Contingent  Assets  and  Liabilities 
should  not  be  included  in  the  body  of  the  balance  sheet,  but  should  be  shown  in 
detail  in  a  supplemental  statement  accompanying  the  balance  sheet.  Contingent 
Assets  represent  possible  sources  of  value,  dependent  upon  the  fulfillment  of  con- 
ditions regarded  as  uncertain.  Contingent  Liabilities  include  those  which  may,  under 
certain  conditions  become  obligations  of  the  company,  but  are  neither  direct  or  as- 
sumed obligations  on  the  date  of  the  balance  sheet. 

Unaudited  Bills  and  Vouchers:  When  bills  covering  operating  revenues 
or  operating  expense  items  are  not  received  in  time  for  audit,  and  when  vouchers 
are  not  made  in  time  for  inclusion  in  the  operating  accounts  for  the  period  in  which 
the  transactions  occur,  the  items  may  be  estimated,  and  in  such  form  charged  or 
credited  to  operating  accounts,  and  credited  or  charged  to  temporary  accounts,  the 
necessary  adjustments  being  made  later  when  the  bills  and  vouchers  are  taken  into 
the  utility's  accounts. 

Distribution  of  Delayed  Items:  Delayed  Items  are  items  representing 
transactions  which  occurred  before  the  current  year.  When  no  provision  has  been 
made  through  entries  in  the  accounts  of  this  classification  for  anticipating  delayed 
items  chargeable  or  creditable  to  the  accounts  herein,  and  the  amount  of  such  item 
is  relatively  so  large  that  its  inclusion  in  the  accounts  for  a  single  year  would 
seriously  distort  those  accounts,  the  utility  shall  use  Account  No.  954  —  "Adjust- 
ments Prior  Period"  with  full  explanation. 

Cash  Discounts:  It  will  be  optional  with  the  utility  to  treat  cash  dis- 
counts for  prompt  payment,  deducted  in  paying  invoices  for  merchandise  purchases, 
etc.,  either  as  an  item  of  income,  or  as  a  deduction  from  the  invoice  and  the  account 
chargeable  therewith,  or  in  such  other  manner  as  conforms  to  the  practice  of  the 
utility.  Its  accounts,  however,  should  clearly  reflect  the  method  adopted,  which 
should  be  uniform  throughout  the  accounting  year,  and  the  practice  in  this  regard 
reported  to  the  Commission. 


CLASSIFICATION  OF  ACCOUNTS. 


ALL  CLASSES 

Showing  the  Inter-relation  of  the  Accounts   Prescribed    for  each   Class   with  the 

Accounts  Prescribed  for  other  Classes. 

Symbol                                 Name  of  Account.  Class             Page 

0  OPERATING  REVENUES  D 

01  Municipal  Light  and  Power  Revenues...  C                45 
Oil                 Municipal    Street    Lighting  —  Arc A     B                   -45 

012  Municipal  Street  Lighting — Incandescent.  A     B                       45 

013  Other   Municipal   Light   and    Power   Rev- 

enues —  Metered    A     B                       45 

014  Other   Municipal   Light  and    Power    Rev- 

enues—  Flat  Rate A     B                       45 

02  Private  Light  and  Power  Revenues C                45 

021  Residence   Light   and    Power   Revenues  — 

Metered    A     B                      46 

022  Residence    Light   and    Power   Revenues  — 

Flat  Rate  A     B                       46 

023  .       Commercial  Light  and  Power  Revenues  — 

Metered    A     B                      46 

024  Commercial  Light  and  Power  Revenues  — 

Flat  Rate    A     B                       46 

03  Miscellaneous   Electric  Revenues C               46 

031  Sales  to  Other  Public  Utilities A     B                       46 

032  Other   Miscellaneous    Electric   Revenues..  A     B                       46 

04  Free     Municipal     Services      (Municipally 

Owned    Plants   only.) C                 47 

041  Municipal  Street  Lighting  —  Arc A     B                       47 

042  -            Municipal  Street  Lighting — Incandescent.  A     B                       47 

043  Other    Municipal    Light    and    Power    Ser- 

vices      A     B                        47 

1  OPERATION  D 

Sll                    Steam  Power  Production C                47 

■     Sill                 Station  Wages  B                       47 

(a)  Superintendence    A                              47 

(b)  Boiler  Labor A                              48 

(c)  Engine  Labor A                              48 

(d)  Electrical  Labor   A                              48 

(e)  Miscellaneous  Labor   A                              48 

S112                 Fuel    for    Steam A     B                       49 

18 


17 

Symbol  Name  of  Account. 

5113  Water  for  Steam A 

5114  Lubricants     A 

5115  Station  Supplies  and  Expenses 

(a)  Steam  Supplies  and  Expenses A 

(b)  Power  Plant  Supplies  and  Expenses...     A 

5116  Steam     Generated      (Apportionment     Ac- 

count)          A 

5117  Steam  Purchased   ' A 

Gil  Gas  Power  Production 

Gill  Station  Wages  

(a)  Superintendence    A 

(b)  Gas  Producer  Labor A 

(c)  Engine  Labor  A 

(d)  Electrical  Labor   A 

(e)  Miscellaneous  Labor   A 

G112  Gas    Producer    Fuel A 

G113  Gas  Producer  Water A 

G114  Lubricants     A 

G115  Station  Supplies  and  Expenses ■ 

(a)  Gas  Producer  Supplies  and  Expenses...     A 

(b)  Power  Plant  Supplies  and  Expenses....     A 

G116  Water  for  Cooling  Engines A 

GI17  Power  Gas  Produced  (Apportionment  Ac- 
count)          A 

G118  Power  Gas   Purchased A 

W 1 1  Water  Power  Production 

Will  Station  Wages  

(a)  Superintendence    A 

(b)  Water  Power  Labor  A 

(c)  Electrical  Labor    A 

(d)  Miscellaneous  Labor   A 

W112  Water  for  Power A 

W114  Lubricants    A 

W115  Station  Supplies  and  Expenses A 

Pll  Purchased  Power  A 

Til               '  Transfer   of    Power.     (Apportionment    Ac- 
count)         A 

12  Transmission 

121  Transmission  and  Sub-station  Wages 

(a)  Transmission  Wages   A 

(b)  Sub-station  Wages \ 

122  Transmission     and     Sub-station     Supplies 

and    Expenses    

(a)  Transmission  Supplies  and  Expenses...     A 

(b)  Sub-station  Supplies  and  Expenses A 

123  Transmission    Subway    Rentals A 

13  StORAGE     

131  Operation   of  Storage   Batteries 

(a)  '  Storage    Battery   Wages A 

(b)  Storage  Battery  Supplies  and  Expenses.     A 

2    p.  u. 


^las 

s 

Page 

B 

49 

B 

49 

B 

49 

49 
49 

B 

50 

B 

50 

C 

50 

B 

50 
50 
50 
51 
51 
51 

B 

51 

B 

51 

B 

52 

B 

52 
52 
52 

B 

52 

B 

52 

B 

53 

c 

53 

B 

53 
53 
53 
53 

53 

B 

54 

B 

54 

B 

54 

B 

c 

54 

B 

c 

55 

c 

55 

B 

55 

55 
55 

F 

55 
55 
55 

56 

c 

56 

B 

56 
56 
56 

i8 

Symbol  Name  of  Account. 

14  Distribution    

141  Distribution   Wages 

(a)  Superintendence    A 

(b)  Distribution    Labor    A 

(c)  Labor  Setting  and  Removing  Meters...     A' 

(d)  Labcr  Inspecting  and  Testing  Meters...     A 

(e)  Labor  Inspecting,  Setting  and  Removing 

Transformers    A 

142  Distribution  Supplies  and  Expenses 

(a)  Distribution   Supplies  and  Expenses....     A 

(b)  Meter     Department     Supplies    and     Ex- 

penses         A 

143  Distribution    Subway    Rentals A 

15  Utiliz.ation    

151  Municipal    Arc   Labor A 

152  Municipal  .A.rc  Supplies  and  Expenses....     A 

153  Municipal   Incandescent  Lamps A 

154  '         Commercial   Arc   Labor A 

155  Commercial  Arc  Supplies  and  Expenses..     A 

156  Commercial   Incandescent  Lamps A 

157  Consumers'   Premises   Expenses A 

16  UXDISTRIBUTED     

161  Stores    Department    Expenses A 

162  Stable  and  Garage  Expenses A 

163  Shop  and  Laboratory  Expenses A 

164  Inventory  Adjustments  (Dr.  or  Cr. ) A 

MAINTENANCE  D 

S21  Steam   Power  Production C  59 

5211  Repairs  to  Station  Structures B                       59 

(a)  Repairs  to  Boiler  Plant  Structures A  59 

(b)  Repairs  to  Power  Plant  Structures A  59 

5212  Repairs  to  Steam  Power  Plant  Equipment  B                       59 

(a)  Repairs  to  Boiler  Plant  Equipment A  59 

(b)  Repairs  to  Prime  Movers A  59 

(c)  Repairs  to  Accessory  Mechanical  Equip- 

ment        A  59 

5213  Repairs  to  Electrical  Equipment B                       60 

(a)  Repairs   to   Generators A  '                60 

(b)  Repairs   to  Accessory   Electrical   Equip- 

ment         A  60 

G21  Gas  Power  Production                                                     C                60 

G211  Repairs  to  Station  Structures... B  60 

(a)  Repairs   to   Gas   Producer   Plant   Struc- 

tures         A  61 

(b)  Repairs  to  Power  Plant  Structures A  61 

G212  Repairs  to  Gas  Producer  Plant  Equipment.           B                       61 

(a)  Repairs  to  Gas  Producer  Equipment...     A  61 

(b)  Repairs  to  Gas  Engines A  61 

(c)  Repairs  to  Accessory  Mechanical  Equip- 

ment     A  61 


Class 

Page 

C 

56 

B 

56 

56 

56 

56 

50 

56 

B 

57 

57 

57 

57 

C 

57 

B 

57 

B 

57 

B 

57 

B 

57 

B 

57 

B 

58 

B 

58 

C 

58 

B 

58 

B 

58 

B 

58 

B 

58 

19 


Symbol  Name  of  Account.  Class 

G213  Repairs  to  Electrical  Equipment B 

(a)  Repairs   to   Generators A 

(b)  Repairs   to  Accessory  Electrical   Equip- 

ment         A 

W21  Water  Power  Production ( 

W211  Repairs  to  Station  Structures A     B 

W212  Repairs  to  Water  Power  Plant  Equipment.           B 

(a)  Repairs  to  Dams,  Canals  and  Pipe  Lines    A 

(b)  Repairs  to  Turbines  and  Water  Wheels    A 

(c)  Repairs  to  Accessory  Mechanical  Equip- 

ment        A 

W213  Repairs  to  Electrical  Equipment B 

(a)  Repairs  to  Generators A 

(b)  Repairs  to  Accessory  Electrical   Equip- 

ment    ., A 

22  Transmission    < 

221  Repairs     to     Sub-station     Structures     and 

Equipment    B 

(a)  Repairs  to  Sub-station  Structures A 

(b)  Repairs  to  Sub-station  Equipment A 

222  Repairs  to  Transmission   System B 

(a)  Repairs  to  Overhead  Transmission  Lines    A 

(b)  Repairs    to    Underground    Transmission 

Lines    A 

23  Storage    ' 

231  Repairs  to  Storage  Battery  Structures  and 

Equipment    B 

(a)  Repairs  to  Storage  Battery  Structures...     A 

(b)  Repairs  to  Storage  Battery  Equipment..     A 

24  Distribution    ' 

241  Repairs  to  Distribution  System B 

(a)  Repairs  to  Overhead  Distribution  Lines    A 

(b)  Repairs    to     Underground     Distribution 

Lines   A 

242  Repairs  to  Transformers A  B 

243  Repairs  to  Services A  B 

244  Repairs  to  Meters A  B 

25  Utilization   

251  Repairs  to  Municipal  LightinT  Equipment    A     B 

252  Repairs    to    Commercial    Lighting    Equip- 

ment      A     B 

26  Undistributed  

261  Repairs  to  General  Office  Structures ''^  '  p 

262  Repairs  to  General  Office  Equipment A^ 

263  Repairs  to  Stores,  Shops.  Garag"es,  Stables       "| 

— Structures    Aj 

264  Repairs  to  Stores,  Shops,  Garages,  Stables        [" 

— Equipment    Aj 


Page 

61 
61 

62 

62 
62 
62 
62 
63 

63 
63. 
63 

63 
64 

64 
64 
64 
64 
64 

64 
65 

65 
65 
65 

65 

65 
65 

66 
66 
66 
66 

66 
66 

67 

67 
67 
67 

67 

67 


20 

Symbol  Name  of  Account.  Class  Page 

27                     Deferred  Upkeep     (Reserve  Credit) BCD         68 

271  Extraordinary   Repairs A  68 

272  Renewals  and  Replacements A  68 

273  Contingencies    A  68 

GENERAL  EXPENSES  D 

31  Administrative  Expenses    C  68 

311  Salaries   and   Expenses   of  Administrative 

Officers     A     B  68 

312  Salaries    and    Expenses    of    Other    Office 

Employees     AT 

313  General  Office  Rent A| 

314  General  Office  Supplies  and  Expenses....  A I 

315  Miscellaneous  General  Expenses A] 

316  Lawf  Expenses — General  A  -- 

317  Stationery  and  Printing AJ 

318  Relief  and  Pensions   A 

32  Commercial  and  Business  Promotion  Ex- 

penses     

321  Commercial  Expenses 

(a)  Meter  Reading  Salaries  and  Expenses. . .  A 

(b)  Collections — Salaries  and  Expenses A 

(c)  Contract  Office  Salaries  and  Expenses.  .  A 

(d)  Consumers'  Accounting  Salaries  and  Ex- 

penses         A 

322  Business  Promotion  Expenses 

(a)  Canvassing  and  Soliciting A 

(b)  Advertising  A 

(c)  Wiring   A 

(d)  Miscellaneous   Business   Promotion    Ex- 

penses       A 

33  In.juries  and  Damages 

331  Injuries  to  Persons A 

332  Damages  to  Property A 

34  Public  Regulation  Expenses 

341  Legal  Fees  and  Expenses A 

342  Expert  Fees  and  Expenses A 

343  Compensation  and  Expenses  of  Employees     A 

344  '       Supplies  and  Expenses A 

345  Other  Public  Regulation  Expenses A 

35  Insurance   A 

36  Franchise  Requirements A 

37  Miscellaneous   Rents A 

38  Uncollectible  Accounts  (Reserve  Credit) .  A 

39  Duplicate  Electric  Charges    (Credit) 

391  Current  Used  by  Company  (Credit) A 

392  Free   Services    (Credit) A 

MISCELLANEOUS     REVENUES     AND 
EXPENSES  D 

41  Non-Operating  Revenues  AND  Expenses.  . .  B     C  72 

411  Profit  on  Merchandise  Sales  and  Jobbing..     A  72 


68 

B 

68 

68 

68 

B 

.  68 

69 

B 

69 

B  C 

69 

69 

69 

• 

69 

69 

B  C 

70 

70 

70 

70 

70 

B  C 

70 

70 

70 

B  C 

71 

71 

71 

71 

71 

71 

B  C 

71 

B  C 

71 

B  C 

71 

B  C 

72 

B  C 

72 

B  C 

72 

21 


Symbol  Name  of  Account.     .  Class  Page 

412  Rents  from  Lease  of  Plant  and  Equipment  A  72 

413  Miscellaneous  Rent  Revenues A  73 

414  Interest  on  Deposits A  73 

415  Interest  and  Dividends  from  Investments..  A  73 
\           416  Miscellaneous     Non-Operating     Revenues 

and  Expenses A  73 

Sub-Utility  Revenues  and  Expenses ABC  73 

421  Hot  Water. 

422  Steam  Heating. 

423  Gas. 

424  Street  Railway,  etc. 


42 


50 

51 


52 


511 
512 
513 

521 
522 
523 

524 
525 
526 

527 


(a) 
(b) 
(c) 


58 

S531 

S532 

G531 

G532 

W632 

533 

534 

535 

536 


(a) 
(b) 
(c) 
(d) 


54 


S541 
S542 
S543 
S544 

G541 


FIXED  ASSETS 

Plant  Investment  as  of  January  1,  1915. . .  A 

Intangible  Property 

Organization  A 

Royalties^  Franchises  and  Licenses A 

Other  Intangible  Property A 

Land  Used  in  Electric  Operations 

Riparian  Lands A 

Power  Plant  Land A 

Transmission  System  Land A 

Sub-Station  Land A 

Storage  Battery  Land A 

General  Office  Land A 

Other  Land A 

Shop  and  Laboratory  Land A 

Warehouse  Land A 

Stable  and  Garage  Land A 

Other  Miscellaneous  Land A 

Structures  Used  in  Electric  Operations.. 

Boiler  Plant  Structures '  A 

Steam  Power  Plant  Structures A 

Gas  Producer  Plant  Structures A 

Gas  Power  Plant  Structures A 

Water  Power  Plant  Structures A 

Transmission  and  Sub-Station  Structures..  A 

Storage  Battery  Structures A 

General  Office  Structures A 

Other  Structures A 

Shops  and  Laboratories A 

Warehouses    A 

Stables  and  Garages A 

Other  Miscellaneous  Structures A 

Power  Plant  Equipment 

Boiler  Plant  Equipment A 

Prime  Movers   A 

Electrical  Plant  Equipment   (Steam) A 

Miscellaneous     Power     Plant     Equipment 

(Steam)    A 

Gas  Producer  Equipment A 


I? 


B 

C 

73 

C 

74 

B 

74 

B 

74 

B 

74 

B 

C 

75 
75 
75 
75 
75 
75 
76 
76 
76 
76 
76 
76 

B 

C 

76 
76 

76 

77 
77 
77 
77 
77 
77 
77 
77 
77 
77 
77 

B 

C 

78 
78 
78 

78 

78 
79 

22 


Symbol  Name  of  Account.                                  Class 

G542  Gas  Engines A 

G543  Electrical  Plant  Equipment  (Gas) A 

G544  Miscellaneous     Power     Plant     Equipment 

(Gas)    A 

W541  Dams,  Canals  and  Pipe  Lines A 

W542  Turbines  and  Water  Wheels A 

W543  Electrical  Plant  Equipment  (Water) A 

W544  Miscellaneous     Power     Plant     Equipment 

(Water)    A 

55  Transmission,    Storage    and    Distribution 

Equipment  C 

551  Underground  Conduits A     B 

552  Poles  and  Fixtures A     B 

553  Transmission  System  Equipment B 

(a)  Overhead  Conductors A 

(b)  Underground  Conductors A 

554  Sub-Station  Equipment A     B 

555  Storage  Battery  Equipment A     B 

556  Distribution   System  Equipment B 

(a)  Overhead   Conductors A 

(b)  Underground  Conductors A 

557  Electric  Services ". B 

(a)  Overhead  A 

(b)  Underground   A 

558  Transformers  A     B 

559  Meters    B 

(a)  Meters   A 

(b)  Installations  A 

56  Other  Equipment C 

561  Utilization  Equipment B 

(a)  Commercial  Lighting  Equipment A 

(b)  Consumers'  Installations A 

(c)  Municipal  Lighting  Equipment A 

562  General  Office  Equipment A     B 

563  Other  Equipment B 

(a)  Stores  Department  Equipment A 

(b)  Shop   and   Laboratory   Equipment A 

(c)  Stable  and  Garage  Equipment. A 

(d)'  Other    Miscellaneous    Equipment A 

57  Miscellaneous    Construction    and    Equip- 

ment Expenditures C 

571  Engineering  and    Superintendence  During 

Construction A     B 

572  Law  Expenditures  during  Construction. ..  .     A     B 

573  Injuries  and  Damages  during  Construction     A     B 

574  Taxes  during  Construction A     B 

575  Interest  during  Construction A     B 

576  Miscellaneous    Expenditures    during   Con- 

struction   B 

(a)  Salaries  during  Construction A 

(b)  Office    Supplies    and    Expenses    during 

Construction  A 


Page 

79 
79 

79 
79 
79 

80 

80 

80 
80 
80 
80 
80 
81 
81 
81 
81 
81 
81 
81 
82 
82 
82 
82 
82 
82 

82 
82 
82 
82 
82 
83 
83 
83 
83 
83 
83 

83 

83 
83 
84 

84 
84 

84 
84 

84 


23 


Symbol  Name  of  Account. 

(c)  Stationery    and     Printing    during    Con- 

struction     A 

(d)  Insurance  during  Construction A 

(e)  Other  Expenditures  during  Construction  A 

58  Unfinished  Plant  Investment   (Construc- 

tion in  Progress ) A 

59  Property   Used  in    Other  Than    Electric 

Operations    A 

INVESTMENTS  AND   FUNDS 

61  Investments    A 

62  Reacquired    Securities A 

63  Deferred  Upkeep  Fund A 

64  Contractual  Sinking  Funds A 

65  Other  Special  Funds A 

CURRENT  AND  NOMINAL  ASSETS 

71  Cash   . .  A 

72  Items  Receivable. 

721  Accounts   Receivable A 

722  Notes  Receivable A 

723  Interest,  Dividends  and  Rents  Receivable.  A 

73  Materials  and  Supplies  (Stores) A 

74  Other  Current  Assets A 

75  Deferred  Charges 

751  Prepaid    Insurance A 

752  Prepaid    Interest A 

753  Prepaid  Rents A 

754  Miscellaneous  Prepaid  Accounts A 

755  Unamortized  Debt  Discount  and  Expense.  A 

756  ,  Other    Deferred    Charges    and    Suspense 

Accounts A 

76  Current      Transactions      of      Municipal 

Plants  With   City    (Municipally  Owned 

Plants    Only)     A 

FUNDED,  CURRENT  AND  NOMINAL 

LIABILITIES 

81  Funded  Debt A 

82  Municipal    Electric   Utility    Bonds    (Mu- 

nicipally Owned  Plants  Only) A 

83  Current  Debts 

831  Accounts  Payable A 

832  Notes   Payable A 

833  Matured  Interest  on  Funded  Debt  Unpaid  A 

834  Other  Matured  Interest  Unpaid A 

835  Dividends    Payable A 

836  Consumers'   Deposits A 

837  Other  Deposits  Payable A 

838  Other  Current  Liabilities A 

84  Accrued  Liabilities 

841  Taxes  Accrued A 

842  Unmatured  Interest  on  Funded  Debt  Ac- 

crued    A 


Class 


B     C 


BCD 


B 


B     C 


Page 

85 
85 
85 

85 

85 


B  C 

85 

B  C 

86 

B  C 

86 

B)  C 

86 

Bi 

87 

BCD 


B 

C 

D 

87 

B 

C 

D 

87 

B 

88 

B 

C 

D 

88 

B 

C 

D 

88 

C 

D 

88 

B 

88 

B 

89 

B 

89 

B 

89 

B 

89 

89 


90 


B 

C 

D 

90 

B 

C 

90 

B 

C 

D 

90 

B 

C 

D 

90 

B1 

91 

B 

91 

B 

C 

D 

91 

B 

» 

91 

B 

91 

B 

91 

C 

D 

91 

B 

91 

B 

91 

24 


Symbol  Name  of  Account. 

843  Other  Unmatured  Interest  Accrued 

844  Other  Accrued  Items 

85  Borrowings  From  Deferred  Upkeep  Fund.  . 


Class 

Page 

A     B 

92 

A     B 

92 

ABC 

9'2 

PROPRIETARY  INTERESTS,  RE- 
SERVES AND  PROFIT  &  LOSS  AC- 
COUNT 

91  Capital  Stock 

911  Common  Stock 

912  First  Preferred  Stock 

913  Second  Preferred  Stock,  etc 

92  Non-Corporate   Proprietorship    

921  Sole  Proprietorship 

922  Partnership   

928  City      Investment      (Municipally      Owned 

Plants   Only) 

93  Reserve  for  Deferred  Upkeep 

931  Reserve  for  Extraordinary  Repairs 

932  Reserve  for  Renewals  and  Replacements.. 

933  Reserve  for  Contingencies 

94  Other  Reserves 

941  Premium  on  Capital  Stock 

942  Unamortized  Premium  on  Debt 

943  Reserve  for  Uncollectible  Accounts 

944  Sinking  Fund   Reserves 

945  Amortization  Reserves 

946  Other   Reserves 

95  Surplus  —  Deficit 

951  Dividends   Declared 

951  Interest  on  City  Investment    (Municipally 

owned  plants  only) 

952  Contractual  Sinking  Fund  Requirements.. 

953  Miscellaneous    Appropriations 

954  Adjustments  Prior  Period  (Dr.  or  Cr.)... 

96  Income  and  Profit  &  Loss  Account  (Cur- 

rent  Period )    

961  Operating  Revenues  (Accounts  No.  Oil  to 

099)    

962  Operating    Expenses    (Accounts    No.    Ill 

to  399) 

963  Miscellaneous     Revenues     and     Expenses 

(Accounts  No.  411  to  499) 

964  Interest  on  Funded  Debt 

965  Other  Interest   

966  Taxes    

967  Release  of  Premium  on  Debt  (Credit)  . . . 

968  Loss  on  Operations  of  Others 

969  Miscellaneous  Deductions  from  Income... 

(a)  Amortization  of  Discount  on  Debt 

(b)  Amortization  Reserve  Requirements.... 

(c)  Rents  Accrued  for  Lease  of  Plant 

(d)  Other  Deductions  from  Income 


A 

B 

v_ 

D 

92' 

A 

B 

93 

A 

B 

98 

A 

B 

08 

A 

B 

C 

D 

98 

A 

B 

C 

D 

98 

A 

B 

c 

D 

93 

A 

B 

c 

93 

B 

c 

D 

98 

A 

93 

A 

93 

A 

c 

98 

93 

A 

B 

93 

A 

B 

93 

A 

B 

94 

A 

B 

94 

A 

B 

94 

A 

B 

95 

A 

B 

c 

D 

95 

A 

B 

c 

D 

95 

A 

B 

c 

95 

A 

B) 

c 

95 

A 

Bl 

96 

A 

B 

c 

96 

D 


96 


A 

B 

C 

96 

A 

B     C 

96 

A 

B     C 

on 

A 

B     C 

D 

9(1 

A 

B     C 

D 

Of) 

A 

B     C 

D 

97 

A 
A 

B 

97 
07 

B| 

97 

A 
A 

■c 

,    t 

07 
07 

A 

08 

A 

98 

INDEX  TO  ACCOUNTS  FOR  CLASS 
"A"  UTILITIES 


The  inter-relation  of  the  following  accounts  prescribed  for  Class  "A"  Utili- 
ties with  the  accounts  prescribed  for  Classes  B,  C  and  D,  is  shown  in  the  complete 
classification  of  accounts  for  all  classes  on  Page  16. 


BALANCE  SHEET  ACCOUNTS 


ASSETS     . 

PLANT   INVESTMENT   ACCOUNTS 
Symbol  Page 

500         Plant  Investment  as  of  January  1,  1915 73 

INTANGIBLE  PROPERTY 

* 

511  Organization    74 

512  Royalties,   Franchises  and   Licenses    74 

513  Other  Intangible  Property   74 

TANGIBLE  PROPERTY 

Land  Used  in  Electric  Operations 

521  Riparian    Land    75 

522  Power  Plant  Land    75 

523  Transmission  System  Land  75 

524  Sub-Station  Land    75 

525  Storage  Battery  Land    75 

526  General  Office  Land    76 

527(a)   Shop   and   Laboratory   Land 76 

(b)  Warehouse  Land   76 

(c)  Stable  and  Garage  Land 76 

(d)  Other  Miscellaneous  Land 76 

Structures  Used  in  Electric  Operations 

5531  Boiler   Plant   Structures    76 

5532  Steam   Power  Plant  Structures    76 

G531          Gas  Producer  Plant  Structures    77 

G532         Gas  Power  Plant  Structures 77 

W532         Water   Power   Plant   Structures 77 

533  Transmission  and   Sub-station   Structures    77 

534  Storage  Battery   Structures    77 

535  General  Office  Structures   ■ 77 

536(a)   Shops   and  Laboratories. 77 

(b)  Warehouses   77 

(c)  Stables  and  Garages 77 

(d)  Other  Miscellaneous  Structures 77 

'J  5 


26 


Symbol 

Equipment   Used  in   Electric  Operations. 
Production 

5541  Boiler  Plant  Equipment  

5542  Prime    Movers    

5543  Electrical  Plant  Equipm'ent   (Steam)    

5544  Miscellaneous   Power   Plant   Equipment    (Steam) 

G541  Gas  Producer  Equipment   

G542  Gas    Engines    , 

G543  Electrical  Plant  Equipment    (Gas)    

G544  Miscellaneous  Power  Plant  Equipment  (Gas) 

W541  Dams,  Canals  and  Pipe  Lines , 

W542  Turbines  and  Water  Wheels 

W543  Electrical  Plant  Equipment   (Water) 

W544  Miscellaneous    Power   Plant   Equipment    (Water) 

Transmission,  Storage  and  Distribution 

551  Underground   Conduits    

552  Poles  and  Fixtures    '. 

553(a)  Overhead  Conductors — Transmission   

(b)  Underground   Conductors — Transmission 

554  Sub-Station  Equipment    

555  Storage  Battery  Equipment   

556(a)  Overhead   Conductors — Distribution    

(b)  Underground  Conductors — Distribution  

557(a)  Electric  Services — Overhead    

(b)  Electric  Services — Underground  

558  Transformers     ■ 

559(a)  Meters   

(b)  Meter   Installations    

Utilization 
561(a)  Commercial  Lighting  Equipment 

(b)  Consumers'  Installations   

(c)  Municipal  Lighting  Equipment 

General 

562  General  Office  Equipnlent 

563(a)  Stores  Department  Equipment 

(b)  Shop   and   Laboratory   Equipment 

(c)  Stable  and  Garage  Equipment 

(d)  '      Other  Equipment   

Miscellaneous  Construction  and  Equipment  Expenditures 

571  Engineering  and  Superintendence  during  Construction... 

572  Law  Expenditures  during  Construction 

573  Injuries  and  Damages  during  Construction 

574  Taxes   during   Construction 

575  Interest  during  Construction 

576(a)  Salaries    

(b)  Office   Supplies  and   Expenses 

(c)  Stationery    and    Printing 

(d)  Insurance 

(e)  Other  Expenditures  during  Construction 

581  Unfinished  Plant  Investment   (Construction  in  Progress) 

591  Property  used  in  other  than  Electric  Operations 


Page 


78 
78 
78 
78 
79 
79 
79 
79 
79 
79 
80 
80 

80 
80 
80 
81 
81 
81 
81 
81 
81 
81 
82 
82 
82 

82 
82 


83 

83 
83 
83 
83 


83 
83 
84 
84 
84 
84 
84 
85 
85 
85 
85 
85 


27 

Symbol                      INVESTMENTS  AND  FUNDS  Page 

611         Investments    85 

621         Re-acquired  Securities    86 

631         Deferred  Upkeep  Fund 86 

641         Contractual  Sinking  Funds 86 

651         Other   Special   Funds 87 

CURRENT  AND  NOMINAL  ASSETS 

711         Cash    87 

721  Accounts  Receivable   87 

722  Notes  Receivable 87 

723  Interest,  Dividends  arid  Rents  Receivable 88 

731         Materials  and  Supplies   ( Stores) 88 

741         Other  Current  Assets 88 

751  Prepaid  Insurance   88 

752  Prepaid  Interest  89 

753  Prepaid  Rents   89 

754  Miscellaneous   Prepaid   Accounts 89 

765         Unamortized   Debt   Discount   and   Expense 89 

756         Other  Deferred  Charges  and  Suspense  Accounts 89 

761         Current  Transactions  of  Municipal  Plant  with  City   (Muni- 
cipally owned  Plants  only) 90 

LIABILITIES 

FUNDED,   CURRENT  AND   NOMINAL 

811         Funded  Debt   90 

821  ^Municipal  Electric  Utility  Bonds   (Municipally  Owned  Plants 

only) 90 

831  Accounts  Payable   90 

832  Notes  Payable  90 

833  Matured  Interest  on  Funded  Debt  Unpaid 91 

834  Other  Matured  Interest  Unpaid 91 

835  Dividends   Payable    91 

836  Consumers'  Deposits   91 

837  Other   Deposits    Payable 91 

838  Other  Current  Liabilities 91 

841  Taxes  Accrued   91 

842  Unmatured  Interest  on  Funded  Debt  Accrued 91 

843  Other  Unmatured  Interest  Accrued 92 

844  Other  Accrued  Items 92 

851          Borrowings  from  Deferred  Upkeep  Fund 92 

PROPRIETARY  INTEREST  AND 
RESERVES 

911  Capital   Stock — Common    92 

912  Capital   Stock— First   Preferred 92 

913  Capital   Stock— Second    Preferred 92 

921  Sole    Proprietorship    93 

922  Partnership    93 

923  City  Investment  (Municipally  owned  plants  only) 93 


Symbol  Page 

931  Reserve  for  Extraordinary  Repairs 93 

932  Reserve  for  Renewals  and  Replacements 93 

933  Reserve  for  Contingencies 93 

941  Premium  on  Capital  Stock 93 

942  Unamortized  Premium  on  Debt 93 

943  Reserve  for  Uncollectible  Accounts 94 

944  Sinking    Fund    Reserves 94 

945  Amortization   Reserves    94 

946  Other  Reserves  95 

950  Surplus— Deficit 95 

Appropriations  from  Surplus 

951  Dividends  Declared   95 

951  Interest  on   City   Investment    (Municipally  o\yned   plants 

only)     95 

952  Contractual   Sinking  Fund   Requirements 95 

953  Miscellaneous   Appropriations    96 

954  Adjustments  Prior  Period  (Dr  or  Cr) 96 

INCOME  AND  PROFIT  &  LOSS  ACCOUNT     (Current  Period) 

961  Operating  Revenues   (Accounts  Oil  to  099) 96 

962  Operating  Expenses  (Accounts  111  to  399) 96 

963  Miscellaneous  Revenues  and  Expenses  (Accounts  411  to  499)  96 

964  Interest  on  Funded  Debt 96 

965  Other  Interest   96 

966  Taxes 97 

967  Release  of  Premium  on  Debt  (Credit) 97 

968  Loss  on  Operations  of  Others 97 

969(a)   Amortization  of  Discount  on  Debt 97 

(b)  Amortization    Reserve    Requirements 97 

(c)  Rents  Accrued  for  Lease  of  Plant 98 

(d)  Other  Deductions   from   Income 98 


CLASS  "A" 


INCOME  ACCOUNTS 


OPERATING  REVENUES 

Symbol  Page 

Oil          Municipal  Street  Lighting — Arc 45 

012  Municipal   Street   Lighting — Incandescent 45 

013  Other  Municipal  Light  and  Power  Revenues — Metered 45 

014  Other  Municipal  Light  and  Power  Revenues — Flat  Rate 45 

021  Residence  Light  and  Power  Revenues — Metered 46 

022  Residence  Light  and  Power  Revenues — Flat  Rate 46 

023  Commercial  Light  and  Power  Revenues — Metered 46 

024  Commercial  Light  and  Power  Revenues — Flat  Rate 46 

031  Sales  to  Other   Public   Utilities 46 

032  Other  Miscellaneous  Electric  Revenues 46 

041  Free    Municipal    Street    Lighting— Arc    (Municipally    owned 

Plants    only) 47 

042  Free  Municipal   Street  Lighting — Incandescent    (Municipally 

owned   Plants  only) 47 

943         Other   Free    Municipal    Light    and    Power    Services    (Muni- 
cipally owned  Plants  only) 47 

OPERATING  EXPENSES 

PRODUCTION 

Steam  Power  Production 
Operation 

Slll(a)           Superintendence 47 

(b)  Boiler  Labor    48 

(c)  Engine   Labor    48 

(d)  Electrical   Labor    48 

(e)  Miscellaneous  Labor   48 

5112  Fuel   for   Steam 49 

5113  Water  for  Steam 49 

5114  Lubricants    49 

S115(a)           Steam  Supplies  and  Expenses 49 

(b)           Power  Plant  Supplies  and  Expenses 49 

5116  Steam  Generated  (Apportionment  Account) 50 

5117  Steam  Purchased   -50 

Maintetmnce 

S211  (a)           Repairs  to  Boiler  Plant  Structures 59 

(b)           Repairs  to  Power  Plant  Structures. 59 

29 


30 


Symbol 

S212(a)  Repairs  to  Boiler  Plant  Equipment 

(b)  Repairs  to  Prime  Movers 

(c)  Repairs  to  Accessory  Mechanical   Equipment... 
S213(a)  Repairs  to   Generators 

(b)  Repairs  to  Accessory  Electrical  Equipment 

Gas  Power  Production 
Operation 
Gill (a)  Superintendence    

(b)  Gas  Producer  Labor. . .  • 

(c)  Engine  Labor    

(d)  Electrical  Labor   

(e)  Miscellaneous  Labor   

G112  Gas  Producer  Fuel  

G113  Gas    Producer   Water 

G114  '  Lubricants   

G115(a)  Gas  Producer  Supplies  and  Expenses 

(b)  Power  Plant  Supplies  and  Expenses 

G116  Water  for  Cooling  Engines 

G117  Power  Gas  Produced  (Apportionment  Account) 

G118  Power  Gas,  Purchased 

Maintenance 

G211(a)  Repairs  to  Gas  Producer  Plant  Structures 

(b)  Repairs  to  Power  Plant  Structures 

G212(a)  Repairs  to  Gas  Producer  Equipment 

(b)  Repairs  to   Gas   Engines 

(c)  Repairs  to  Accessory  Mechanical  Equipment... 
G213(a)  Repairs  to  Generators 

(b)  Repairs  to  Accessory  Electrical  Equipment 

Water  Power  Production 
Operation 
Wlll(a)  Superintendence    

(b)  Water   Power  Labor 

(c)  Electrical   Labor    

(d)  Miscellaneous  Labor   

W112  Water   for   Power 

W114  Lubricants  , 

W115  Station  Supplies  and  Expenses 

Maintenance 

W211  Repairs  to  Station  Structures .-... 

W212(a)  Repairs  to  Dams,  Canals  and  Pipe  Lines 

(b)  Repairs  to  Turbines  and  Water  Wheels 

(c)  Repairs  to  Accessory  Mechanical  Equipment.... 
W213(a)           Repairs   to   Generators 

(b)  Repairs  to  Accessory  Electrical  Equipment.. 

Pill         Purchased    Power 

Till         Transfer  of  Power  (Apportionment  Account) 

TRANSMISSION 

Operation 

121(a)  Transmission    Wages    

(b)  Sub-station   Wages    


Page 

59 
59 
59 
60 
60 


50 
50 
51 
51 
51 
51 
51 
52 
52 
52 
52 
52 
53 

61 
61 
61 
61 
61 
61 
62 


53 
53 
53 
53 
54 
54 
54 

62 
62 
63 
63 
63 
63 
54 
55 


55 
55 


31 

Symbol                       -  Page 

122(a)           Transmission  Supplies  and  Expenses 55 

(b)           Sub-station  Supplies  and  Expenses 55 

123                 Transmission  Subway  Rentals 56 

Maintenance 

221(a)           Repairs  to  Substation  Structures 64 

(b)           Repairs  to  Substation  Equipment 64 

222(a)           Repairs   to   Overhead   Transmission   Lines '. .  64 

(b)           Repairs  to  Underground  Transmission  Lines 64 

STORAGE 

Operation 

131(a)           Storage  Battery  Wages 56 

(b)           Storage  Battery  Supplies  and  Expenses 56 

Maintenance 

231(a)           Repairs  to  Storage  Battery  Structures 65 

(b)           Repairs  to  Storage  Battery  Equipment 65 

DISTRIBUTION 

Operation 

141  (a)           Superintendence    56 

(b)  Distribution  Labor   56 

(c)  Labor  Setting  and  Removing  Meters 56 

(d)  Labor  Inspecting  and  Testing  Meters 56 

^(e)           Labor  Inspecting,  Setting  and  Removing  Transformers..  56 

142(a)           Distribution  Supplies  and  Expenses.. 57 

(b)           Meter  Department   Supplies  and   Expenses 57 

143                 Distribution   Subway   Rentals 57 

Maintenance 

241(a)           Repairs  to  Overhead  Distribution  Lines 65 

(b)           Repairs  to  Underground   Distribution  Lines 66 

242  Repairs   to   Transformers 66 

243  Repairs  to  Services 66 

244  Repairs  to  Meters 66 

UTILIZATION 

Operation 

151  Municipal  Arc  Labor 57 

152  Municipal  Arc  Supplies  and  Expenses '...  hi 

153  Municipal  Incandescent  Lamps 57 

154  Commercial  Arc  Labor 57 

155  Commercial  Arc  Supplies  and  Expenses 57 

156  Commercial  Incandescent  Lamps 58 

157  Consumers'    Premises   Expenses 58 

Maintenance 

251  Repairs  to  Municipal  Lighting  Equipment 66 

252  Repairs  to  Commercial  Lighting   Equipment. 67 

UNDISTRIBUTED 

Operation 

161  Stores'   Department   Expenses 58 

162  Stable  and  Garage  Expenses 58 

163  Shop  and  Laboratory  Expenses 58 

164  Inventory  Adjustments   (Dr.  or  Cr.) 58 


3^ 

Symbol  .  Page 

Maintenance 

261  Repairs  to  General  Office  Structures 67 

262  Repairs  to  General  Office  Equipment 67 

263  Repairs  to  Stores,  Shops,  Garages,  Stables,  etc. — Struct- 

ures   67 

264  Repairs  to  Stores,  Shops,  Garages,  Stables,  etc. — Equip- 

ment      67 

V 

DEFERRED  UPKEEP 

271  Extraordinary    Repairs — (Reserve    Credit) 68 

272  Renewals  and  Replacements — (Reserve   Credit) 68 

273  Contingencies — (Reserve  Credit)   68 

GENERAL  EXPENSES 
Administrative 

311  Salaries  and  Expenses  of  Administrative  Officers 68 

312  Salaries  and  Expenses  of  Other  Office  Employees 68 

313  General   Office  Rent 68 

314  General  Office  Supplies  and  Expenses 68 

315  Miscellaneous   General   Expenses 68 

316  Law  Expenses — General    68 

317  Stationery  and  Printing 69 

318  Relief  and  Pensions 4  69 

Commercial 

321  (a)  Meter  Reading — Salaries  and  Expenses 69 

(b)  Collections — Salaries    and    Expenses 69 

(c)  Contract  Office — Salaries  and  Expenses 69 

(d)  Consumers'  Accounting — Salaries  and  Expenses 69 

Business  Promotion 

322(a)  Canvassing  and  Soliciting 70 

(b)  Advertising 70 

(c)  Wiring 70 

(d)  Miscellaneous  Business  Promotion  Expenses 70 

Injuries  and  Damages 

331  Injuries  to   Persons 70 

332  Damages  to  Property 70 

Public  Regulation  Expenses 

341  Legal  Fees  and  Expenses 71 

342  Expert  Fees  and   Expenses .    71 

343  Compensation  and  Expenses  of  Employees 71 

344  Supplies   and   Expenses 71 

345  Other  Public  Regulation  Expenses 71 

Undistributed 

351  Insurance 71 

361  Franchise    Requirements 71 

371  Miscellaneous    Rents 71 

381  .     Uncollectible  Accounts  (Reserve  Credit) 72 

391  Current  Used  by  Company  (Credit) 72 

392  Free  Services    (Credit ) 72' 


33 

MISCELLANEOUS  REVENUES  AND  EXPENSES 

Symbol                                         ,  Page 
Non-Operating  Revenues  and  Expenses 

411  Profit  on  Merchandise  Sales  and  Jobbing : 72 

412  Rents  from  Lease  of  Plant  and  Equipment 72 

413  Miscellaneous  Rent  Revenues 73 

414  Interest  on  Deposits 73 

415  Interest  and  Dividends  from  Investments 73 

416  Miscellaneous  Non-Operating  Revenues  and  Expanses...  73 

Sub-Utility  Revenues  and  Expenses 
4211 
422 1  Classified  e.  g.  Hot  Water,  Ste-am  Heating,  Gas,  Street 

423  C  Railway,  etc 73 

424J 


;i    p.  u 


INDEX  TO  ACCOUNTS  FOR  CLASS 
«B"  UTILITIES 


The  inter-relation  of  the  following  accounts  prescribed  for  Class  "B"  Utilities 
with  the  accounts  prescribed  for  Glasses  A,  C  and  D,  is  shown  in  the  complete 
classification  of  accounts  for  all   classes   on  page  16. 


BALANCE  SHEET  ACCOUNTS 


ASSETS 

PLANT  INVESTMENT  ACCOUNTS 

Symbol  Page 

500         Plant  Investment  as  of  January  1,  1915 73 

INTANGIBLE  PROPERTY 

511  Organization    74 

512  Royalties,  Franchises  and  Licenses 74 

■  513         Other  Intangible   Property 74 

TANGIBLE  PROPERTY. 

520         Land  Used  in  Electric  Operations 75 

530         Structures  Used  in  Electric  Operations 76 

540         Power   Plant  Equipment 78 

551  Underground  Conduits   80 

552  Poles  and  Fixtures 80 

553  Transmission   System  Equipment 80 

554  •    Sub-Station   Equipment    81 

555  Storage  Battery  Equipment <. 81 

556  Distribution   System   Equipment 81 

557  Electric   Services    81 

558  Transformers  82 

559  Meters    82 

561  Utilization  Equipment    82 

562  General  Office  Equipment 83 

563  Other  Equipment   83 

MlSCELL.^NEOUS    CONSTRUCTION    AND   EQUIPMENT   EXPENDITURES. 

571  Engineering   and    Superintendence   during   Construction 83 

572  Law   Expenditures   during   Construction 83 

573  Injuries  and  Damages  during  Construction 84 

574  Taxes    during   Construction 84 

575  Interest  during  Construction 84 

576  Miscellaneous  Expenditures   during   Construction 84 

581         Unfinished  Plant  Investment   (Construction  in  Progress)....  85 

591         Property  Used  in   Other  Than  Electric  Operations 85 

34 


35 

INVESTMENTS   AND    FUNDS  Page 

Symbol 

611          Investments    ^5 

621          Re-acquired  Securities   86 

631          Deferred  Upkeep  Fund 86 

641          Contractual   Sinking    Fund 86 

651          Other   Special    Funds 87 

CURRENT  AND  NOMINAL  ASSETS 

711          Cash    87 

721  Accounts  Receivable 87 

722  Notes  Receivable    87 

723  Interest,  Dividends  and  Rents  Receivable 88 

731          Materials  and   Supplies    (Stores) 88 

741          Other  Current  Assets 88 

751  Prepaid  Insurance   88 

752  Prepaid  Interest   89 

753  Prepaid  Rents   89 

754  Miscellaneous   Prepaid   Accounts 89 

755  Unamortized  Debt  Discount  and  Expense 89 

756  Other  Deferred  Charges  and  Suspense  Accounts 80 

761         Current  Transactions  of  Municipal  Plant  with  City   (Muni- 
cipally owned   Plants   only) 


90 


LIABILITIES 
FUNDED,   CURRENT   AND    NOMINAL 

811         Funded  Debt   90" 

821  Municipal  Electric  Utility   Honds   (Municipally  Owned  Plants 

only)      " 90 

831  Accounts  Payable    90 

832  Notes   Payable    90 

833  Matured  Interest  on  Funded  Debt  Unpaid '        91 

'834         Other  Matured  Interest  Unpaid 91 

835  Dividends   Payable    91 

836  Consumers'   Deposits    91 

837  Other    Deposits    Payable 91 

838  Other   Current  Liabilities 91 

841  Taxes   Accrued    91 

842  Unmatured  Interest  on  Funded  Debt  Accrued 91 

8'43         Other  Unmatured  Interest  Accrued •        92 

844         Other   Accrued    Items 92 

851         Borrowings   from   Deferred  Upkeep  Fund 92 

PROPRIETARY  INTERESTS  AND 
RESERVES 

911  Capital   Stock — Common    92 

912  Capital   Stock— First   Preferred    92 

913  Capital  Stock — Second  Preferred 92 

921  Sole  Proprietorship    93 

922  Partnership    93 

923  City  Investment  (Municipal  Plants  only) 93 

930         Reserve   for  Deferred   Upkeep 93 

941  Premium  on  Capital  Stock 93 

942  Unamortized  Premium  on  Debt 93 

943  Reserve  for  Uncollectible    Accounts 94 


36 

Symbol  Page 

944  Sinking  Fund  Reserves 94 

945  Amortization   Reserves    94 

94C         Otiier  Reserves   95 

950  Surplus— Deficit    95 

Appropriations  from  Surplus 

951  Dividends  Declared  95 

951  interest  on   City   Investment    (Municipallv   Owned    Plants 

only )      95 

952  Contractual   Sinking  Fund  Requirements 95 

953  Miscellaneous  Appropriations    96 

954  Adjustments  Prior  Period   (Dr.  and  Cr.) 96 

INCOME  AND  PROFIT  &  LOSS  ACCOUNT  (Current  Period) 

901          Operating  Revenues   (Accounts  Oil  to  099) 90 

962         Operating  Expenses  (Accounts  ill  to  399) 90 

903  Miscellaneous  Revenue?  and  Expenses  (Accounts  411  to  499)  96 

904  Interest  on   Funded   Debt 90 

905  Other    Interest    ' 90 

866         Taxes    97 

967  Release  of   Premium  on   Debt  —  Credit 97 

968  Loss  on  Operations  of  Others 97 

969  Miscellaneous  Deductions  from  Income 97 


CLASS  "B'* 


INCOME  ACCOUNTS 


OPERATING  REVENUES 

Symbol  Page 

Oil          Municipal   Street  Lighting — Arc 45 

012  Municipal  Street  Lighting — Incandescent 45 

013  Other  Municipal  Light  and  Power  Revenues — Metered 45 

014  Other  Municipal  Light  and  Power  Revenues— Flat  Rate 45 

021  Residence  Light  and   Power  Revenues — Metered 46 

022  Residence  Light  and  Power  Revenues — Flat  Rate 46 

023  Commercial  Light  and  Power  Revenues — Metered 46 

024  Comercial  Light  and  Power  Revenues — Flat  Rate 46 

081          Sales  to  Other  Public  Utilities 46 

032          Other  Miscellaneous  Electric  Revenues 46 

041  Free    Municipal    Street    Lighting — Arc    (Municipally    owned 

Plants   only)    47 

042  Free  Municipal   Street  Lighting — Incaindescent    (Municipally 

owned   Plants   only) 47 

043  Other   Municipal   Light   and   Power   Services      (Municipally 

owned   Plants  only) 47 

OPERATING  EXPENSES 
PRODUCTION 

Steam  Power  Production 
Operation 

Sill                 Station   Wages    47 

5112  Fuel    for    Steam 49 

5113  Water  for  Steam 49 

5114  Lubricants   49 

5115  Station  Supplies  and  Expenses 49 

sue                 Steam  Generated  (Apportionment  Account) 50 

SI  17                 Steam  Purchased    50 

Maintenance 

5211  Repairs  to  Station  Structures 59 

5212  Repairs  to  Steam  Power  Plant  Equipment 59 

5213  Repairs  to  Electrical  Equipment 60 

Gas  Power  Production 

Operation 

Gill                 Station  Wages    50 

G112                 Gas  Producer  Fuel 51 

37 


38 

Symbol  Page 

G113                 Gas   Producer  Water 51 

G114                Lubricants    52 

G115                 Station  Supplies  and  Expenses 52 

G116                 Water  for  Cooling  Engines 52 

G117                 Power  Gas  Produced    (Apportionment  Account) 52 

G118                Power  Gas  Purchased 53 

Maintenance 

G211                 Repairs  to  Station  Structures 60 

G212                 Repairs  to  Gas  Producer  Plant  Equipment 61 

G213                 Repairs  to  Electrical  Equipment 61 

Water  Power  Production 

Operation 

Will                Station  Wages 53 

Wir2                 Water  for  Power 54 

W114                 Lubricants    54 

W115                 Station  Supplies  and  Expenses 54 

Maintenance 

W211                 Repairs  to  Station  Structures 62 

W212                 Repairs  to  Water  Power  Plant  Equipment 62 

W213                 Repairs  to  Electrical  Equipment 63 

Pill         Purchased  Power   54 

Till         Transfer  of  Power — (Apportionment  Account) 55 

TRANSMISSION 

Operation 

121  Transmission  and  Sub-station  Wages 55 

122  Transmission  and  Sub-station  Supplies  and  Expenses....  55 

Maintenance 

221  Repairs  to  Sub-station  Structures  and  Equipment 64 

222  Repairs  to  Transmission  System 64 

STORAGE 

Operation 

131                 Operation  of   Storage  Batteries 56 

Maintenance 

231                 Repairs  to  Storage  Battery  Structures  and  Equipment...  65 

DISTRIBUTION 

Operation 

141  Distribution  Wages 56 

142  Distribution  Supplies  and  Expenses 57 

Maintenance 

241  Repairs  to  Distribution  System 65 

242  Repairs   to  Transformers 66 

243  Repairs  to   Services 66 

244  Repairs  to  Meters 66 

UTILIZATION 

Operation 

151  Municipal  Arc  Labor 57 

152  Municipal  Arc   Supplies  and  Expenses 57 


39 

Symbol  Page 

153  Municipal  Incandescent  Lamps 57 

154  Commercial  Arc  Labor 57 

155  Commercial  Arc  Supplies  and  Expenses 57 

156  Commercial  Incandescent  Lamps 58 

157  Consumers'   Premises   Expenses 58 

Maintenance 

251  Repairs  to  Municipal  Lighting  Equipment 66 

252  Repairs  to  Commercial  Lighting  Equipment 67 

UNDISTRIBUTED 

Operation 

161  Stores'  Department  Expenses 58 

162  Stable  and  Garage  Expenses 58 

163  Shop  and  Laboratory  Expenses 58 

164  Inventory  Adjustments  (Dr.  or  Cr.) 58 

Maintenance 

260(a)           Repairs  to  General  Office,  Structures  and  Equipment....  67 
260(b)           Repairs  to  Stores,  Shops,  Garages,  Stables,  etc. — Struct- 
ures and  Equipment 67 

270  Deferred  Upkeep    (Reserve  Credit) 68 

GENERAL  EXPENSES 

310(a)  Salaries  and  Expenses  of  Administrative  Officers 68 

(b)  General  Office  Salaries  and  Expenses 68 

(c)  General  Expenses  68 

318  Relief  and  Pensions 69 

321  Commercial    Expenses    69 

322  Business    Promotion   Exp'enses 70 

330  Injuries  and   Damages 70 

340  Public   Regulation    Expenses 71 

351  Insurance    71 

361  Franchise    Requirements 71 

371  Miscellaneous    Rents 71 

381  Uncollectible  Accounts   (Reserve  Credit) 72 

391  Current  Used  by  Company  (Credit) 72 

392  Free  Services    (Credit) 72' 

MISCELLANEOUS  REVENUES  AND   EXPENSES 

410  Non-Operating  Revenues  and  Expenses  (Classified) 72 

420  Sub-Utility  Revenues  and    Expenses    (Classified) 73 


INDEX  TO  ACCOUNTS  FOR  CLASS 
«C"  UTILITIES 


The  inter-relation  of  the  following  accounts  prescribed  for  Class  "C"  Utilities 
with  the  accounts  prescribed  for  Classes  A,  B  and  D,  is  shown  in  the  complete 
classification  of  accounts  for  all  classes  on  Page  16. 


BALANCE  SHEET  ACCOUNTS 


ASSETS 
PLANT  INVESTMENT  ACCOUNTS 
Symbol  Page 

50  Plant  Investment  as  of  January  1,   1915 73 

51  Intangible    Property    74 

52  Land   used   in    Electric   Operations 75 

53  Structures  used  in  Electric  Operations 7(3 

54  Power    Plant    Equipment , 78 

55  Transmission,  Storage  and  Distribution  Equipment 80 

56  Other  Equipment    82 

57  Miscellaneous    Construction    and    Equipment   Expenditures...  8-3 

58  Unfinished   Plant  Investment    (Construction   in    Progress)...  85 

59  Property  used  in   Other  Than   Electric  Operations 85 

INVESTMENTS   AND  FUNDS. 

61  Investments    85 

62  Re-acquired  Securities    8G 

63  Deferred  Upkeep  Fund 86 

64  Contractual  Sinking  Funds  or  Other  Special  Funds 86 

CURRENT  AND  NOMINAL  ASSETS 

71         Cash 87 

72(a)   Accounts  Receivable   87 

(b)   Notes  Receivable    87 

73  Materials  and  Supplies 88 

74  -  Other  Current  Assets 88 

75  Deferred  Charges    88 

76  Current  Transactions  of  Municipal  Plant  with  City   (Muni- 

cipally owned  Plants  only) 90 

LIABILITIES 

FUNDED,   CURRENT   AND    NOMINAL 

81  Funded  Debt   90 

82  Municipal  Electric  Utility  Bonds   (Municipally  Owned  Plants 

only)      90 

83(a)   Accounts  Payable  90 

(b)  Notes  Payable  ...'. 90 

(c)  Other  Current  Liabilities 90 

84  .Accrued   Liabilities 91 

85  Borrowings  from  Deferred  Upkeep  Fund 92 

40 


41 

PROPRIETARY   INTERESTS   AND 

RESERVES 

Symbol  Page 

91         Capital  Stock  92 

92(a)   Non-Corporate    Proprietorship    93 

(b)   City  Investment    (Municipally  owned   Plants  only) 93 

93  Reserve  for  Deferred  Upkeep 93 

94  Other  Reserves  93 

95  Surplus— Deficit    95 

Appropriations  from  Surplus 

95(a)           Dividends  Declared  95 

95(a)  Interest  on  City  Investment    (Municipally  Owned   Plants 

only)    95 

(b)  Miscellaneous  Appropriations    96 

(c)  Adjustments  Prior  Period  (Dr.  or  Cr.) 96 

INCOME  AND  PROFIT  &  LOSS  ACCOUNT  (Current  Period) 

96(a)   Operating  Revenues   (Accounts  01  to  09) 96 

(b)  Operating  Expenses   (Accounts  11  to  39) 96 

(c)  Miscellaneous  Revenues  and  Expenses  (Accounts  41  to  49) . .  96 

(d)  Interest  on  Funded  Debt 96 

(e)  Other  Interest  96 

(f )  Taxes   97 

(g)  Miscellaneous  Deductions  from  Income 97 


CLASS  "C" 


INCOME  ACCOUNTS 


OPERATING  REVENUES 

Symbol  Page 

01  Municipal  Light  and  Power  Revenues 4o 

02  Private  Light  and  Power  Revenues 45 

03  Miscellaneous  Electric  Revenues 46 

04  Free  Municipal  Services  (Municipally  owned  Plants  only)...  47 

OPERATING  EXPENSES 

Sll         Steam   Power   Production — Operation 47 

S21         Steam  Power  Production — Maintenance 59 

Gil         Gas  Power  Production — Operation 50 

G21         Gas   Power   Production — Maintenance 60 

Wll         Water  Power  Production — Operation 53 

W21         Water  Power  Production — Maintenance 62 

Pll         Purchased  Power  54 

Til         Transfer  of  Power   (Apportionment  Account) 55 

12         Transmission — Operation    55 

22  Transmission — Maintenance    64 

18         Storage — Operation    56 

23  Storage — Maintenance   65 

14  Distribution — Operation    56 

24  Distribution — Maintenance   65 

15  Utilization — Operation    57 

25  Utilization — Maintenance  QQ 

16  Undistributed — Operation   58 

26  Undistributed — Maintenance    67 

27  Deferred  Upkeep   (Reserve  Credit) 68 

31  Administrative  Expenses  ,.  •  68 

32  (a)  -  Commercial    Expenses 69 

32  (b)   Business  Promotion  Expenses 70 

33  Injuries  and  Damages 70 

34  Public  Regulation  Expenses 71 

35  Insurance    71 

36  Franchise    Requirements 71 

37  Miscellaneous    Rents *. 71 

38  Uncollectible  Accounts   (Reserve  Credit) 72 

39 (a)   Current  Used  by  Company  (Credit) 72 

39(b)   Free   Services    (Credit) 72 

MISCELLANEOUS   REVENUE  AND  EXPENSE 

42         Non-Operating  Revenues  and  Expenses  (classified) 72 

42         Sub-Utility  Revenues  and  Expenses  (classified) 73 

12 


INDEX  TO  ACCOUNTS  FOR  CLASS 
«D"  UTILITIES 


The  inter-relation  of  the  following  accounts  prescribed  for  Class  "D"  Utili- 
ties with  the  accounts  prescribed  for  Classes  A,  B  and  C,  is  shown  by  the  symbol 
reference  to  the  complete  classification  of  accounts  for  all  classes  on  Page  16. 

Separate  instructions  for  Class  "D"  Utilities  are  given  in  an  appendix  on 
Page  107. 


BALANCE  SHEET  ACCOUNTS 


ASSETS 

Symbol  Reference 
to  Summary  Ac- 

Acct.                                                                                                        count  in  Classifi- 

Nos.                                                                                                              cation  Page  16. 

1  Cost  of  Plant 5 

2  Cash  7 

3  Accounts  Receivable  7 

4  Notes  Receivable  7 

5  Materials,  Supplies  and  Prepaid  Expenses   (Inventory) 7 

6  Other   Current   Assets 7 

7  Investments   6 

8  Deferred  Upkeep  Fund   (optional) 6 

9  Property  Used  in  Other  Than  Electric  Operations 5 

LIABILITIES 

11  Funded  Debt  (Bonds) 8 

12  Accounts  Payable  8 

13  Notes  Payable  8 

14  Other  Current  Liabilities 8 

15  Accrued  Liabilities  (Inventory) 8 

16  Borrowings  from  Deferred  Upkeep  Fund  (Optional) 8 

PROPRIETARY  INTERESTS 

21  Capital  Stock — Individual  or  Partners'  Capital  Accounts 9 

22  Surplus — Deficit  (Balance  in  Profit  &  Loss  Account) 9 

23  Reserve  for  Deferred  Upkeep   (optional) 9 


43 


CLASS  "D" 


INCOME  ACCOUNTS 


Acct.  Symbol 

Nos.                                                 REVENUES  Reference. 

31  Street  Lighting  Earnings 0 

32  Other  Electric  Earnings 0 

38     Earnings  from  Other  Than  Electric  Utility  Operations 4 

EXPENSES 

41  Operating  Expenses  1 

42  Repairs  2 

43  Deferred  Upkeep  (optional) 2 

44  General  Expenses   3 

45  Taxes   3 

46  Interest   9 

47  Expenses  for  Other  Than  Electric  Utility  Operations 4 


44 


DETAILED  TEXT  OF  ACCOUNTS 


o— OPERATING  REVENUES 

01  Municipal  Light  and  Power  Revenues — (Class  C) 

Credit  to  this  account  the  revenues  defined  in  the  following  ac- 
counts : 

Oil  Municipal  Street  Lighting  — Arc— (Classes  A  and  B) 

Credit  this  account  with  the  earnings  from  the  sale  of  electric 
current  to  the  municipality  for  arc  lighting,  embracing  the  lighting 
of  streets,  alleys,  bridges,  viaducts,  parks,  commons,  etc.,  but  not 
the  lighting  of  public  buildings. 

When  municipal  street  lighting  is  supplied  on  meter  basis,  and 
such  registration  is  not  separately  metered,  so  as  to  show  the 
revenue  derived  from  this  (arc)  and  following  account  (incan- 
descent), the  amounts  may  be  apportioned  between  the  two  ac- 
counts on  the  relative  number  and  capacity  of  each  kind  of  lamps 
on  the  circuit. 

012  Municipal  Street  Lighting  —  Incandescent — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Credit  this  account  with  the  earnings  from  the  sale  of  electric 
current  to  the  municipality  for  incandescent  lighting,  embracing 
the  lighting  of  streets,  alleys,  bridges,  viaducts,  parks,  commons, 
etc.,  but  not  the  lighting  of  public  buildings. 

When  municipal  street  lighting  is  supplied  on  meter  basis, 
and  such  registration  is  not  separately  metered  so  as  to  show 
the  revenues  derived  from  this  (incandescent),  and  the  preceding 
account  (arc),  the  amounts  may  be  apportioned  between  the  two 
accounts  on  the  relative  number  and  capacity  of  each  kind  of 
lamps  on  the  circuit. 

013  Other   Municipal  Light   and   Power   Revenues  —  Metered  —  (Classes 

A  and  B) 

Credit  to  this  account  all  earnings  derived  from  the  sale  of 
electric  current  supplied  for  municipal  buildings,  school  buildings, 
etc.,  whether  the  current  is  used  for  lighting,  or  for  heat,  or  for 
power,  where  the  total  earnings  are  dependent  on  the  quantity  of 
energy  supplied. 

Oil  Other  Municipal  Light  and  Power  Revenues  —  Flat  Rate — (Classes 

A  and  B) 

Credit  to  this  account  all  earnings  derived  from  the  sale  of 
electric  current  supplied  for  municipal  buildings,  etc.,  whether  the 
current  is  used  for  lighting,  for  heat,  or  for  power,  when  charged 
at  flat  rates,  or  on  any  basis  independent  of  the  quantity  of  energy 
supplied. 

o-J  Private  Light  and  Power  Revenues  —  (Class  C) 

Credit    to    this    account   the    revenues    defined    in    the    following 
accounts : 

45 


46 

021  Residence  Light  and  Power  Revenues — Metered — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Credit  this  account  with  earnings  from  residence  consumers 
for  electric  current  supplied,  including  commercial  arcs  and  incan- 
descents,  where  the  total  earnings  are  dependent  on  the  quantity 
of  energy  supplied. 

022  Residence  Light  and  Power  Revenues — Flat  Rate — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Credit  this  account  with  all  earnings  from  residence  con- 
sumers for  electric  current  supplied,  including  commercial  arcs 
and  incandescents,  where  the  total  earnings  received  are  at  flat 
rates  or  on  any  basis  independent  of  the  quantity  of  energy  sup- 
plied. 

023  Commercial  Light  and  Power  Revenues — Metered— (Classes  A  and 

B) 

Credit  this  account  with  all  earnings  from  commercial  con- 
sumers, for  electric  current  supplied,  including  commercial  arcs 
and  incandescents,  where  the  total  earnings  are  dependent  on  the 
quantity  of  energy  supplied. 

024  Commercial   Light  and   Power  Revenues  —  Flat  Rate — (Classes    A 

and  B) 

Credit  this  account  with  all  earnings  from  commercial  con- 
sumers for  electric  current  supplied,  including  commercial  arcs 
and  incandescents,  where  the  total  earnings  are  at  flat  rate,  or  any 
basis  independent  of  the  quantity  of  energy  supplied. 
Note:  Where  it  is  the  custani  of  the  utility  to  charge  a  minimum 
amount  when  the  consumption  during  the  month  is  less  than  a 
prescribed  amount,  the  total  amount  of  such  minimum  charge  shall 
be  credited  to  the  appropriate  revenue  account,  or  to  its  sub- 
account. 

Where  it  is  the  custom  of  the  utility  to  grant  a  discount  from 
the  gross  bill,  or  to  add  a  penalty  to  the  bill  where  payment  is  not 
made  on  or  before  a  prescribed  date,  such  discounts  or  penalties 
shall  be  charged  or  credited  to  the  respective  revenue  accounts. 
Utilities  desiring  to  do  so  may  open  sub-accounts  to  show  sepa- 
rately, the  Minimum  Bill  and  the  Discount  or  Penalty  items. 

(13  Miscellaneous  Electric  Revenues  —  (Class  C) 

'  Credit  to   this   account   the   revenues    defined    in   the    following    ac- 
counts : 

031  Sales  to  Other  Public  Utilities— (Classes  A  and  B) 

Credit  to  this  account  all  earnings  derived  from  the  sale  of 
electric  energy  to  other  public  utilities  for  the  purpose  of  redis- 
tribution and  sale,  and  to  all  electric  and  interurban  railway 
corporations.  Sub-account?  are  to  be  opened  for  each  purchasing 
utility,  such  account  showing  the  name  of  the  utility,  the  amount 
of  energy  purchased,  and  the  total  revenues  from  such  sales,  which 
details  will  be  called  for  in  the  annual  report  to  the  Public 
Utilities  Commission. 

032  Other  Miscellaneous  Electric  Revenues — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Credit  to  this  account  all  earnings  received  from  the  sale  of 
electric  energy  and  service,  and  from  operating  transactions  not 
properly  includible  in  any  of  the  preceding  accounts. 


47 

If  the  utility  received  revenues  from  the  insurance  of  a  supply 
of  electric  service  in  the  nature  of  breakdown  service,  such  earn- 
ings will  be  credited  to  this  account. 

Revenues  from  the  sale  of  by-products  such  as  ashes,  cinders, 
chemical  waste,  gas  producer  residuals,  etc.,  should  not  be  cred- 
ited to  this  account,  but  to  the  expense  account  from  which  the 
by-product  is  derived. 

Sub-accounts  may  be  raised  to  carry  the  credit  from  the  sale 
of  such  by-products,  which  sub-accounts  are  to  be  charged  with 
all  expenses  incurred  in  connection  therewith  and  periodically 
closed  into  the  expense  account  or  accounts  which  were  charged 
with  the  labor  and  materials  resulting  in  the  by-product  sold. 

04  Free   Municipal   Services    (Municipally   Owned   Plants    Only)  — 

(Class  C) 

Credit  to  this  account  as  revenues  the  value  of  the  services  de- 
fined in  the  following  accounts  : 

041  Municipal  Street  Lighting  — Arc — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Credit  this  account  with  the  value  of  public  lighting  service 
supplied  free  to  the  municipality  by  means  of  arc  lamps,  embracing 
the  lighting  of  streets,  alleys,  etc.,  but  not  the  lighting  of  public 
buildings,  and  charge  to  "Current  Transactions  of  Municipal  Plant 
with  City." 

042  Municipal   Street  Lighting  —  Incandescent — (Classes   A  and- B) 

Credit  this  account  with  the  value  of  public  lighting  service 
supplied  free  to  the  municipality  by  means  of  incandescent  elec- 
tric lamps,  embracing  the  lighting  of  streets,  alleys,  etc.,  but  not 
the  lighting  of  public  buildings,  and  charge  to  "Current  Transac- 
tions of  Municipal  Plant  with  City." 

043  Other  Municipal  Light  and  Power  Services —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Credit  to  this  account  the  value  of  all  electric  energy  supplied 
free  for  municipal  buildings,  etc.,  whether  used  for  light,  heat  or 
power,  and  charge  to  "Current  Transactions  of  Municipal  Plant 
with  City." 

Note:      See   page    Joj   for   additional   instructions   for   rnunicipally 
owned  utilities. 

I  — OPERATION 

SU  Steam  Power  Production — (Class  C) 

This  account  includes  all  the  expenses  provided   for  under  the 
following  heads : 

Sill  Station  Wages—  (Class  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined  in  the  following 
-  •).  accounts : 

Sllla  Superintendence — (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  superintendence  of  the, 
steam  power  generating  plant. 

This  account  includes  the  salaries  of  the  superintendent  of  the 
power    plant,    chemists    at    plant,    draftsmen,    foremen    and    all 


48 

clerical  help  upon  records  and  accounts  pertaining  to  steam  power 
generation,  whether  at  the  general  office  or  at  the  plant.  Charge 
also  with  the  proportion  of  the  salaries  of  the  engineering  staff 
assignable  to  the  steam  power  plant. 

If  energy  is  also  generated  by  hydraulic  power  or  gas  power, 
or  both,  the  total  cost  of  superintendence  will  be  apportioned  over 
the  corresponding  superintendence  accounts. 

Slllb  Boiler  Labor— (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  operating  labor  em- 
ployed in  the  generation  of  steam.  This  account  shall  be  charged 
with  the  wages  of  boiler  house  foremen,  firemen,  helpers,  shovel- 
ers,  weighers,  feed-pump  men,  stokers,  blowing  flues,  cleaning 
boilers,  labor  employed  at  the  boiler  plant  in  handling  coal  and 
ashes,  boiler  plant  janitors,  watchmen,  etc. 

When  another  utility  or  department  makes  a  demand  upon 
the  same  boiler  plant  a  proportion  of  the  salary  of  the  power 
plant  superintendent  shall  be  charged  to  this  account. 

Slllc  Engine  Labor —  (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  labor  operating  steam 
prime  mover  equipment.  This  includes  such  labor  as  that  of 
chief  engineers  and  assistants,  engineers,  oilers,  vdpers,  ma- 
chinists, and  all  other  employees  whose  duties  concern  the  opera- 
tion of  such  steam  prime  movers. 

Sllld  Electrical  Labor— (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  labor  operating  the 
electric  apparatus  and  devices  driven  by  steam  power,  beginning 
with  the  generators,  direct  connected  or  belted  to  the  prime 
movers,,  including  the  power  plant  switchboard,  feeders,  terminal 
board  and  to  where  the  electric  current  leaves  the  power  plant 
switchboard  for  the  transmission  or  distribution  system.  This 
account  includes  the  wages  of  system  operators  or  load  dis- 
patchers, foremen  over  regulators,  regulators  and  assistants,  gen- 
erator attendants,  switchboard  attendants,  brushmen,  electric 
wipers,  power  plant  wiremen  and  all  other  employees  whose  duties 
are  the  operation  of  the  steam  power  plant  electrical  equipment. 

If  energy  is  also  generated  by  hydraulic  or  by  gas  power,  or 
by  both,  and  such  electrical  apparatus  is  attended  jointly  by  the 
same  electrical  labor,  such  labor  shall  be  properly  apportioned 
over  the  respective  classes  of  Power  accounts. 

Sllle  Miscellaneous  Labor — (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  wages  of  all  employees  in  and 
about  the  steam  power  generating  plant,  engaged  in  operating  the 
plant,  including  watchmen,  labor  cleaning  buildings  and  yards, 
janitors,  messengers  and  general  labor  not  chargeable  to  any  of 
the  foregoing  steam  power  plant  operating  labor  accounts. 

If  energy  is  also  generated  at  the  station  by  other  than  steam 
power,  labor  charges  jointly  incurred  shall  be  apportioned  ac- 
cordingly over  the  appropriate  classes  of  Power  accounts. 

When  another  utility  or  department  makes  a  demand  upon 
the  same  boiler  plant,  the  proportion  of  labor  provided  for  herein, 
devoted  to  the  generation  of  steam  shall  not  be  charged  to  this 
account  but  to  "Boiler  Plant  Labor". 


40 

SI  12  Fuel  for  Steam— (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  fuel  used  for  generat- 
ing steam,  whether  coal,  oil,  gas  or  other  fuel,  at  the  cost  f.  o.  b. 
point  of  delivery  at  plant.  This  includes  the  invoice  cost  of  the 
fuel,  freight,  switching,  demurrage,  cost  of  unloading  and  cartage 
to  point  of  delivery  at  plant. 

"Fuel  Stock"  account  is  debited  when  fuel  is  received  and 
credited  when  fuel  is  used. 

This  account  will  be  credited  with  all  revenue  received  from 
the  sale  of  ashes,  and  any  special  expense  incurred  in  disposing  of 
ashes  should  be  charged  here. 

5113  Water  for  Steam — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  water  used  for  boiler 
feed  and  condensing  purposes,  including  water  purification  labor. 
If  water  is  purchased,  charge  at  contract  price  or  meter  rate. 
Water  for  fire  protection  and  general  purposes  should  not  be 
charged  to  this  account. 

Sub-accounts  shall  be  credited  with  revenue  received  from 
the  sale  of  exhaust  steam  and  charged  with  all  expense  incurred 
in  connection  therewith.  Periodically  such  sub-accounts  shall  be 
closed  into  this  account,  or  (at  the  option  of  the  utility)  into  such 
other  expense  account  or  accounts  which  were  charged  with  the 
labor  and  materials   resulting  in  the  by-product  sold. 

5114  Lubricants — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  lubricants  for  steam 
prime  movers  and  machinery  connected  therewith  in  the  steam 
power  plant  of  the  electric  utility,  and  also  all  lubricants  used  on 
electrical  apparatus  driven  by  steam  power.  This  includes  cylinder 
oil,  machine  oil,  dynamo  oil,  graphite  and  other  lubricants,  but 
does  not  include  transformer  oil,  wagon  grease  or  oil  for  lanterns. 

Charge  also  to  this  account  the  cost  of  recovering  oil   from 
waste  and  the  cost  of  filtering  and  handling. 
Silo  Station    Supplies   and   Expenses — (Class   B) 

Charge  this  account  with  all  operating  supplies  used  and  ex- 
penses incurred  in  the  generation  of  electric  energy  by  steam 
power  not  chargeable  to  any  of  the  preceding  accounts.  This  in- 
cludes such  items  as  waste,  packing,  wipers,  hand  tools,  gas  and 
electricity  for  lighting,  heating  and  cleaning  power  plant,  labora- 
tory supplies,  ice,  water  for  general  use  and  fire  protection,  and  all 
items  of  similar  nature. 

Where  current  is  also  generated  at  the  plant  by  hydraulic 
power  or  gas  power  or  both,  the  total  cost  of  miscellaneous  sup- 
plies and  expenses  as  herein  enumerated,  shall  be  apportioned  over 
the   respective   classes    of   power   accounts. 

For  Class  "A"  Utilities  or  when  a  department  of  a  "B"  class 
utility  makes  demand  upon  the  same  boiler  plant,  this  account 
shall  be  sub-divided  to  show  separately  the  supplies  used  and  ex- 
penses incurred  in  the  generation  of  steam,  and  the  supplies  used 
and  expenses  incurred  in  the  generation  of  current  by  steam.  The 
following  accounts  are  provided  for  Class  "A" : 

Slloa  Steam   Supplies   and  Expenses 

SnSb  Power  Plant  Supplies  and  Expenses 

4     p.  u. 


50 

5116  Steam  Generated   (Apportionment  Account)  —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

This  account  will  be  raised  only  by  those  companies  operating 
another  utility  or  department  upon  the  same  boiler  plant  with  the 
electric   utility. 

Where  such  demand  is  made  upon  the  boiler  plant,  the  bal- 
ances to  the  detail  accounts,  showing  the  cost  of  generating  steam 
as  provided  for  under  this  group  of  accounts  shall,  at  the  close 
of  the  period,  be  transferred  to  this  account.  The  total  cost  of 
steam  as  then  here  shown,  shall  be  apportioned  to  the  utilities  or 
departments  using  the  steam  by  a  credit  to  this  account.  The 
balance  remaining  in  this  account  will  show  the  cost  of  steam  for 
generating   current. 

The  details  of  the  steam  expenses  as  shown  in  the  group  of 
steam  accounts  will  be  called  for  in  the  report  to  the  Public 
Utilities    Commission. 

Note:  This  account  will  be  charged  with  "Operation"  Accounts 
Nos.  Siiib,  S112,  S113,  Siisa  and  Siiy,  and  ivith  "Maintenance" 
accounts  Nos.  Ssiia  and  82120. 

5117  Steam  Purchased— (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  steam  purchased  for 
prime  mover  power  in  the  electric  power  plant.  This  account 
should  be  so  kept  as  to  indicate  the  name  of  the  company  or  con- 
cern from  whom  the  steam  was  purchased,  the  amount  purchased, 
and  the  terms  under  which  it  was  purchased. 

Note  :  Accounts  Siii  to  S117  inclusive,  are  combined  for  Class 
"C"  utilities  into  Account  No.  Sii  —  "Steam  Power  Production". 

Gil         Gas  Power  Production — (Class  C) 

This  account  includes  all  the  expenses  provided   for  under  the 
following    heads : 

Gill  Station  Wages— (Class  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined  in  the  following 
accounts : 
Gil  la  Superintendence —  (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  superintendence  of  the 
gas  power  generating  plant.  This  account  includes  the  salaries 
of  the  superintendent  of  power  plant,  chemists  at  plant,  drafts- 
men, foremen  and  all  clerical  help  upon  records  and  accounts 
pertaining  to  gas  power  generation,  whether  at  the  general 
office  or  at  the  plant.  Charge  also  with  the  proportion  of  the 
salaries  of  the  engineering  staff  assignable  to  the  gas  power 
plant. 

If  energy  is  also  generated  by  steam  power  or  by  hydraulic 
power  or  both,  the  total  cost  of  superintendence  will  be  appor- 
tioned over  the  corresponding  Superintendence  accounts. 
;Glllb  Gas  Producer  Labor —  (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  operating  labor 
employed  in  the  production  of  power  gas,  including  the  handling 
of  fuel  from  the  storage  pile  to  the  gas  generator  building  and 
handling  of  residuals  from  said  building  to  the  point  where 
residuals  are  placed  when  removed   from  the  building. 

When  another  utility  or  department  makes  a  demand  upon 
the  same  gas  producer  plant,  a  proportion  of  the  salary  of  the 
power  plant  superintendent  shall  be  charged  to  this  account. 


51 

Glllc  Engine  Labor —  (Class  A) 

Cfiarge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  labor  operating  gas 
prime  mover  equipment.  This  includes  such  labor  as  that  of 
chief  engineer  and  assistants,  engineers,  oilers,  wipers,  machin- 
ists and  all  other  employees  whose  duties  concern  the  operation 
of  such  gas  prime  movers. 

GUld  Electrical   Labor — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  labor  operating  the 
electric  apparatus  and  devices  driven  by  gas  power,  beginning 
with  the  generators,  direct  connected  or  belted  to  the  prime 
^  movers,  including  the  power  plant  switchboard,  feeders,  terminal 
board  and  to  where  the  electric  current  leaves  the  power  plant 
switchboard  for  the  transmission  or  distribution  system.  This 
account  includes  the  wages  of  system  operators  or  load  dis- 
patchers, foremen  over  regulators,  regulators  and  assistants, 
generator  attendants,  switchboard  attendants,  brushmen,  elec- 
tric wipers,  power  plant  wiremen  and  all  other  employees  whose 
duties  are  the  operation  of  the  gas  power  plant  electrical  equip- 
ment. 

If  energy  is  also  generated  by  steam  power  or  hydraulic 
power,  or  both,  and  such  electrical  apparatus  is  attended  jointly 
by  the  same  electrical  labor,  such  labor  shall  be  properly  ap- 
portioned over  the  respective  classes  of   Power  accounts. 

Gllle  Miscellaneous   Labor —  (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  wages  of  all  employees  in  and 
about  the  gas  power  generating  plant  engaged  in  operating  the 
plant,  including  watchmen,  labor  cleaning  buildings  and  yards, 
janitors,  messengers  and  general  labor  not  chargeable  to  any  of 
the  foregoing  gas  power  plant  operating  labor  accounts. 

If  energy  is  also  generated  at  the  station  by  other  than  gas 
power,  labor  charges  jointly  incurred  shall  be  apportioned  ac- 
cordingly over  the  appropriate  classes  of  Power  accounts. 

When  another  utility  or  department  makes  a  demand  upon 
the  same  gas  producer  plant,  the  proportion  of  labor  provided 
for  herein,  devotad  to  the  production  of  gas  shall  not  be  charged 
to  this  account,  but  to  account  "Gas  Producer  Labor". 

G112  Gas  Producer  Fuel — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  fuel  used  for  pro- 
ducing gas,  at  the  cost  f.  o.  b.  point  of  delivery  at  plant.  This  in- 
cludes the  invoice  cost  of  the  fuel,  freight,  switching,  demurrage, 
cost  of  unloading  and  cartage  to  point  of  delivery  at  plant. 

"Fuel  Stock"  account  is  debited  when  fuel  is  received  and  is 
credited  when  fuel  is  used.  Sub-accounts  shall  be  credited  with 
revenues  received  from  the  sale  of  by-products  and  charged  with 
the  expenses  incurred  in  connection  therewith.  Periodically  such 
sub-accounts  shall  be  closed  into  "Gas  Producer  Fuel". 

G113  Gas  Producer  Water— (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  water  used  in  the  pro- 
duction of  gas  for  power  purposes.  If  water  is  purchased,  charge 
at  contract  or  meter  rate.  Water  for  fire  protection  and  general 
purposes  should  not  be  charged  to  this  account. 


52 

G114  Lubricanls  ^ — (Classes   A   and   B) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  lubricants  for  gas 
l)rimo  movers  and  machinery  connected  therewith  in  the  gas 
power  plant  of  the  electric  utility,  and  also  of  lubricants  used  on 
electrical  apparatus  driven  by  gas  power.  This  includes  cylinder 
oil,  machine  oil,  dynamo  oil,  graphite  and  other  lubricants,  but 
does  not  include  transformer  oil,  wagon  grease,  or  oil  for  lanterns. 

Charge  also  to  this  account  the  cost  of  recovering  oil  from 
waste  and  the  cost  of  filtering  and  handling. 

Gilo  Station   Supplies  and  Expenses — (Class  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  all  operating  supplies  used  and  ex- 
penses incurred  in  the  generation  of  electric  energy  by  gas 
power  not  chargeable  to  any  of  the  preceding  accounts.  This  in- 
cludes such  items  as  waste,  packing,  wipers,  hand  tools,  gas  and 
electricity  for  lighting,  heating  and  cleaning  power  plant,  labora- 
tory supplies,  ice,  water  for  general  use  and  fire  protection  and  all 
items   of   similar   nature. 

Where  current  is  also  generated  at  the  plant  by  steam  or 
hydraulic  power,  or  both,  the  total  cost  of  the  miscellaneous  sup- 
plies and  expenses  as  herein  enumerated,  shall  be  apportioned  over 
the  respective  classes  of  power  accounts. 

For  Class  "A"  utilities,  or  when  a  department  of  a  "B"  Class 
utility  makes  demand  upon  the  same  gas  producer  plant,  this  ac- 
count shall  be  subdivided  to  show  separately  the  supplies  used 
and  the  expenses  incurred  in  the  production  of  gas,  and  the  sup- 
plies used  and  the  expenses  incurred  in  the  generation  of  current 
•  by  gas.     The  following  sub-accounts  are  provided  for  Class  "A". 

GllSa  Gas  Producer  Supplies  and  Expenses 

GllSb  Power  Plant  Supplies  and  Expenses 

G116  Water    for  Cooling  Engines  —  (Classes   A  and   B) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  water  used  and  ex- 
penses incurred  in  connection  therewith,  for  cooling  prime  gas 
movers. 

G117  Power  Gas  Produced  (Apportionment  Account)  —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

This  account  will  be  raised  only  by  those  companies  operating 
another  utility  or  department  upon  the  same  gas  producer  plant 
with   the  electric   utility. 

Where  such  demand  is  made  upon  a  gas  producer  plant,  the 
balances  of  the  detailed  accounts,  showing  the  cost  of  producing 
gas  provided  for  under  this  group  of  accounts  shall,  at  the  close 
of  the  period,  be  transferred  to  this  account.  The  total  cost  of 
gas  as  then  here  shown,  shall  be  apportioned  to  the  utilities  or 
departments  using  the  gas  by  a  credit  to  this  account.  The  balance 
remaining  in  this  account  will  show  the  cost  of  gas  for  gen- 
erating current. 

The  details  of  the  gas  producer  expenses  as  shown  in  the 
group  of  gas  producer  accounts  will  be  called  for  in  the  report  to 
the  Public  Utilities  Commission. 

Note:  This  account  will  be  charged  with  '"Operation"  Accounts 
Nos.  Giiib,  G112,  G113,  G114.  Gii^a,  G116  and  G118,  and  with 
"Maintenance"  Accounts  Nos.   Gsiia  and  G2T2a. 


S3 

G118  Power  Gas  Purchased — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  gas  purchased  for 
prime  mover  power  in  the  electric  power  plant.  This  account 
should  be  kept  as  to  indicate  the  name  of  the  company  or  concern 
from  which  the  gas  was  purchased,  the  amount  purchased,  and  the 
terms    under   which    it    was   purchased. 

Wll  '  Water  Power  Production  —  (Class  C) 

This  account  includes  all  the  expenses  provided   for  under  the 
following  heads : 

Will  Station    Wages— (Class    B)    , 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined  in  the  following 
accounts : 

Wllla  Superintendence— (Class    A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  superintendence  of  the 
hydraulic  power  generating  plant.  This  account  includes  the 
salaries  of  the  superintendent  of  the  power  plant,  chemists  at 
plant,  draftsmen,  foremen,  and  all  clerical  help  upon  records  and 
accounts  pertaining  to  hydraulic  power  generation,  whether  at 
the  general  offices  or  at  the  plant.  Charge  also  with  the  propor- 
tion of  the  salaries  of  engineering  staff  assignable  to  the  hy- 
draulic power  plant. 

If  energy  is  also  generated  by  steam  or  gas  power,  or  both, 
the  total  cost  of  superintendence  will  be  apportioned  over  the 
corresponding  superintendence  accounts. 

Wlllb  Water    Power    Labor  —  (Class  , A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  wages  of  all  employees  operating 
the  hydraulic  works,  including  foremen,  gatemen,  wheelmen, 
canalmen,  controllers  of  reservoirs,  dams  and  canals,  and  all 
other  employees  whose  duties  concern  the  operation  of  the 
hydraulic  power  plant  equipment. 

Wlllc  Electrical  Labor— (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  labor  operating  the 
electric  apparatus  and  devices  driven  by  hydraulic  power,  be- 
ginning with  the  generators,  direct  connected  or  belted  to  the 
hydraulic  motive  power,  including  the  power  plant  switchboard, 
feeders,  terminal  board,  and  to  where  the  electric  current  leaves 
the  power  plant  switchboard  for  the  transmission  or  distribution 
system.  This  account  includes  the  wages  of  system  operators  or 
load  dispatchers,  foremen  over  regulators,  regulators  and  as- 
sistants, generator  attendants,  switchboard  attendants,  brush- 
men,  electric  wipers,  power  plant  wiremen  and  all  other  em- 
ployees whose  duties  are  the  operation  of  the  hydraulic  power 
plant  electrical  equipment. 

If  energy  is  also  generated  by  gas  or  steam  power,  or  both, 
and  such  electrical  apparatus  is  attended  jointly  by  the  same 
electrical  labor,  such  labor  shall  be  properly  apportioned  over 
the  respective  classes  of  Power  accounts. 

Wind  Miscellaneous   Labor — (Class   A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  wages  of  all  employees  in  and 
about  the  hydraulic  power  generating  plant  engaged  in  operating 
the  plant,  including  watchmen,  labor  cleaning  buildings  and 
yards,  janitors,  messengers,  and  general  labor  not  chargeable  to 


54 

any    of    the    foregoing    hydraulic    power    plant    operating    labor 
accounts. 

If  energy  is  also  generated  at  the  station  by  other  than 
hydraulic  power,  labor  charges  jointly  incurred  shall  be  appor- 
tioned accordingly  over  the  appropriate  classes  of  Power  ac- 
counts. 

.W112         Water  for  Power  —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  water  purchased  for  the 
purpose  of  operating  motive  power  equipment  for  the  generation 
of  electric  energy.  This  account  should  be  so  kept  as  to  indicate 
the  name  of  the  company  or  concern  from  whom  the  water  was 
purchased,  the  amount  of  water  power  purchased,  and  the  terms 
under  which  it  was  purchased. 
W114         Lubricants — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  lubricants  for  hy- 
draulic prime  movers  and  machinery  connected  therewith  in  the 
hydraulic  power  plant  of  the  electric  utility,  and  also  all  lubricants 
used  on  electrical  apparatus  driven  by  hydraulic  power.  This 
includes  machine  oil,  dynamo » oil,  graphite  and  other  lubricants, 
but  does  not  include  transformer  oil,  wagon  grease  or  oil  for 
lanterns. 

Charge  also  to  this  account  the  cost  of  recovering  oil  from 
waste  and  the  cost  of  filtering. 

W115  Station  Supplies  and  Expenses — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  all  operating  supplies  used  and  ex- 
penses, incurred  in  the  generation  of  electric  energy  by  hydraulic 
power  not  chargeable  to  any  of  the  preceding  accounts.  This 
includes  such  items  as  waste,  packing,  wipers,  handtools,  gas  and 
electricity  for  lighting,  heating  and  cleaning  power  plant,  labora- 
tory supplies,  ice,  water  for  general  use  and  fire  protection,  and  all 
items  of  a  similar  nature. 

Where  current  is  also  generated  at  the  plant  by  steam  power 
or  gas,  or  both,  the  total  cost  of  such  Miscellaneous  Supplies  and 
Expenses  as  herein  enumerated,  shall  be  apportioned  over  the 
respective  classes  of  Power  accounts. 

Pll  Purchased  Power — (Classes  A,  B  and  C) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  electric  current  pur- 
chased for  the  purpose  of  redistribution  and  sale.  Sub-accounts  are 
to  be  opened  with  each  company  or  individual  from  whom  such 
current  is  purchased,  the  account  showing  the  name  of  the  selling 
company  or  concern,  the  amount  of  current  (in  kilowatt  hours) 
purchased,  the  rate  per  kilowatt  hour  and  the  total  cost  of  such 
current. 

Where  current  is  purchased  from  another  company  under  a  con- 
tract with  penalty  attached  for  failure  to  furnish  demand,  credit 
this  account  and  charge  to  "Cash"  or  "Account  Receivable",  the 
amount  of  such  penalty.  If  such  penalty  is  not  known  or  cannot  be 
readily  determined,  it  shall  be  estimated,  and  errors  in  such  estimates 
when  determined,  shall  be  adjusted  through  the  accounts  involved, 
if  during  the  year  in  which  the  estimates  were  made;  if  later,  then 
through  Account  No.  954  —  Surplus  Adjustments  Prior  Period. 

Full  details  in  connection  with  this  account  will  be  called  for 
in  the  annual  report  to  the  Commission. 


55 

Til  Transfer  of  Power  (Apportionment  Account)  —  (Classes  A,  B  and  C) 

This  account  will  be  raised  by  those  plants  operating  two  or 
more  utilities  using  electric  energy  from  the  same  source.  In  such 
cases,  the  total  cost  of  generating  energy  for  all  the  departments 
shall  be  determined  through  the  foregoing  groups  of  accounts,  and 
the  balances  of  these  accounts  shall  then  at  the  close  of  each  period, 
be  transferred  to  this  account.  The  total  cost  of  all  energy  gen- 
erated as  appearing  in  this  account  shall  then  be  apportioned  to  ''  = 
various  other  departments  by  credits  to  this  account,  thus  leaving 
charged  to  this  account  the  prx)portion  of  the  total  cost  of  power 
generated,  properly  chargeable  to  the  electric  utility. 

This  account  shall  also  be  regarded  as  an  apportionment  account 
of  "Transmission"  and  "Storage"  expenses  where  same  are  incurred 
previous  to  the  apportionment  of  the  electric  energy  to  two  or  more 
utilities. 

12  Transmission — (Class    C) 

This  account  includes  all  the  expenses  provided  for  under  the 
following  heads : 

121  Transmission  and   Sub-station  Wages — (Class   B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined  in  the  following 
accounts : 

121a  Transmission  Wages — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  labor  cost  of  patrolling,  inspect- 
ing and  testing  all  overhead  and  underground  transmission  lines 
and  cables,  and  their  equipment,  locating  and  clearing  trouble, 
protecting  lines  from  fires,  floods,  etc.  and  all  work  in  connec- 
tion with  operating  the  transmission  system  which  is  not  in  the 
nature  of  repairs  and  renewals.  When  poles  and  fixtures  and 
conduits  contain  both  transmission  and  distribution  lines  and 
cables,  the  operating  cost  may  be  apportioned  between  this  ac- 
count and  the  proper  distribution  expense  account. 

121b  Sub-station  Wages— (Class   A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  operating  labor  em- 
ployed in  the  superintendence  and  operation  of  sub-stations  and 
transformer  stations,  including  wages  of  regulators,  brushmen 
and  other  employees  engaged  in  operating  the  electric  equip- 
ment, also  the  wages  of  clerks,  janitors,  watchmen,  etc.,  at  such 
sub-stations    and   transformer   stations. 

122  Transmission   and   Sub-station   Supplies   and   Expenses — (Class   B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined  in  the  following 
accounts : 

122a  Transmission  Supplies  and  Expenses — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  supplies  consumed  and 
expenses  incurred  in  connection  with  the  operation  of  the  trans- 
mission system,  including  the  cost  of  operating  Transmission 
Telephone  Systems. 

122b  Sub-Station  Supplies  and  Expenses  —  (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  operating  supplies 
consumed  and  expenses  incurred  in  connection  with  the  opera- 
tion of  sub-stations  and  transformer  stations,  such  as  rent,  light, 
heat,  handtools,  waste,  wipers  and  similar  items. 


56 

123  Transmission    Subway   Rentals — (Class   A) 

This  account  includes  the  rents  payable  accruing  for  ducts 
leased  from  other  corporations  or  from  a  municipal  corporation. 
In  case  the  rented  subway  is  used  for  distribution  as  well  as  for 
transmission,  the  rent  may  be  apportioned  between  this  account 
and  Account  No.  143  —  "Distribution  Subway  Rentals". 

13  Storage —  (Class    C) 

This  account  includes  all  the  expenses  provided  for. under  the 
following   heads  : 
131  Operation    of    Storage    Batteries— (Class    B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined  in  the   following 
accounts : 
i31a  Storage   Battery   Wages — (Class   A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  operating  labor  em- 
ployed   in    the    superintendence    and    operation    of    storage    bat- 
teries, including  wages  of  clerks,  inspectors,  testers,  battery  men, 
etc.  and  labor  incident  to  the  operation  of  boosters. 
131b  Storage  Battery  Supplies  and  Expenses — (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with   the  expenses  of  all  storage  bat- 
tery operating  supplies  and   expenses,   embracing  such  items  as 
acid    and    distilled    water    for    the    storage    battery    cells,    soda, 
^  sponges,    brooms,    waste,    rags,    hydrometers,    thermometers,   au- 

tomatic cell  fillers,  brushes  for  boosters  and  compensators,  etc. 

14  Distribution  —  (Class  C) 

This  account  includes  all  the  expenses  provided   for  under  the 
following  heads : 
141  Distribution   Wages  —  (Class    B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  labor  and  expenses  incurred 
as  defined  in  the  following  accounts : 
141a  Superintendence —  (Class  A) 

Charge   to    this    account    the    salaries    and    expenses    of   the 
superintendent  of  the  distribution  system,  clerks,   foremen,  and 
also  that  portion  of  the  engineering  staff  of  the  company  which 
is  assignable  to  distribution. 
141b  Distribution   Labor — (Class   A) 

Charge  this  account  with  all  labor  and  expenses  of  distribu- 
tion system  employees  not  elsewhere  provided  for. 
141c  Labor  Setting  and  Removing  Meters — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  labor  and  expenses  in- 
curred in  removing  and  resetting  meters  on  the  premises  of  con- 
sumers and  placing  meters  in  the  course  of  regular  and  periodical 
inspection  of  meters.  The  cost  of  original  setting  of  each  meter 
shall  be  charged  to  the  fixed  asset  account  "Meter  Installations". 
141d  Labor  Inspecting  and  Testing  Meters  —  (Class  A) 

Charge   this    account   with    the   cost   of    labor   and    expenses 
incurred  in  testing  and  inspecting  meters,  both  on  the  premises 
of  consumers  and  in  the  meter  shop  of  the  utility. 
141e  Labor  Inspecting,  Setting  and  Removing  Transformers — (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  labor  and  expenses 
incurred  in  removing  and  resetting  transformers,  either  on  the 
premises  of  the  consumer,  in  manholes,  or  on  poles  adjoining 
such  premises,  and  all  inspection  of  transformers  and  their  re- 
placement in  the  course  of  their  periodical  test  and  inspection. 
The  cost  of  the  original  setting  of  each  transformer  shall  be 
charged  to  the  fixed  asset  account  "Transformers". 


57 

142  Distribution  Supplies  and  Expenses — (Class  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined  in  the  following 
accounts  : 

142a  Distribution    Supplies   and    Expenses — (Class   A) 

Charge  this  account  vvith  the  cost  of  all  supplies  consumed 
and  expenses  incurred  in  connection  with  the  operation  of  the 
distribution  system  and  not  chargeable  to  other  distribution 
operating  accounts.  There  will  be  charged  to  this  account  the 
cost,  labor  and  expense  of  maps  and  records,  distribution  office 
supplies  and  expenses  and  distribution  office  rent,  where  such 
expense    is    directly    chargeable. 

142b  Meter   Department   Supplies   and  Expenses — (Class   A) 

Charge  this  account  with  all  supplies  consumed  and  expenses 
incurred  in  connection  with  the  operation  of  this  department, 
not  elsewhere  provided  for.  Tools  used  in  this  department, 
together  with  the  repairs  upon  the  same,  will  be  charged  to  this 
account  unless  such  tools  are  included  in  the  fixed  assets  of  the 
utility.  Expenses  such  as  light,  fuel,  supplies,  rent,  and  elec- 
tricity, used  for  operating  machinery  and  for  testing  in  this  de- 
'  partment,  and  other  similar  items,  will  be  charged  to  this  ac- 
count. This  account  will  embrace  all  meter  expenses  not  in- 
cluded in  the  meter  labor  accounts  and  the  account  "Repairs  to 
Meters". 
143  Distribution  Subway  Rentals — (Class  A) 

This  account  includes   the  rents  payable  accruing   for  under- 
ground conduits  used  for  distribution  conductors.     (See  Account 
No.  123). 
15  Utilization — (Class  C) 

Charge  to   this   account   the   expenses   defined   in   the   following 
accounts : 

151  Municipal  Arc  Labor — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  labor  of  trimming  and  inspecting 
all  municipal  arc  lamps  operated,  patrolling  arc  lamp  circuits,  set- 
ting and  removing  arc  lamps,  locating  open  circuits,  crosses  or 
circuits,  and  other  arc  lamp  operating  labor. 

152  Municipal  Arc  Supplies  and  Expenses —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  all  operating  supplies  and  expenses 
used  in  connection  with  the  operation  of  municipal  arc  lamps. 
This  includes  the  cost  of  carbons,  globes,  waste,  reflectors,  etc. 

153  Municipal  Incandescent  Lamps — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  expenses  incident  to  the  inspection 
of  municipal  incandescent  lamps  and  fixtures.  Also  cliarge  to  this 
account  the  cost,  including  labor  and  material,  of  renewing  incan- 
descent  lamps    in   the   municipal   lighting   system. 

154  Commercial  Arc  Labor — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  labor  of  trimming  and  inspecting 
all   commercial   arc   lamps   operated,   patrolling   arc   lamp   circuits, 
setting  and  removing  arc  lamps,  locating  open  circuits,  crosses  or 
circuits,  and  other  arc  lamp  operating  labor. 
|.").i  Commercial  Arc  Supplies  and  Expenses—  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  all  operating  supplies  and  materials 
used  in  connection  with  the  operation  of .  commercial  arc  lamps. 
This-includes  the  cost  of  carbons,  globes,  waste,  reflectors,  etc. 


58 

156  Commercial  Incandescent  Lamps —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  expenses  incident  to  the  mspection 
of  commercial  incandescent  lamps  and  fixtures. 

Also  charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  renewing  incandescent 
lamps  on  consumers'  premises  and  the  cost  of  photometering  such 
lamps.  Credit  to  this  account  any  rebate  received  for  the  return 
of  stubs,  or  allowance  relating  thereto.. 

157  Consumers'  Premises  Expenses— (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  expenditures  in  connection  with 
maintaining  the  efficiency  of  consumers'  installation  on  their 
premises,  for  which  no  charge  is  made  to  the  consumer.  This 
should  include  expenses  incurred  in  investigating  complaints, 
changing  meters  for  request  tests,  inspecting  and  testing  new 
wiring  and  fixtures,  wiring  consumers'  premises,  repairing  wiring 
fixtures,  inspecting,  cleaning  and  repairing  electrical  signs  and 
appliances  on  consumers'  premises,  and  similar  items  of  expense. 

16  Undistributed —  (Class  C) 

161  Stores  Department  Expenses —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  total  expense  incurred  m  operat- 
ing the  utility's  stores  department,  including  the  cost  of  purchas- 
ing such  stores  and  the  salaries  and  wages  of  stockkeeper  and 
his  staff,  clerks  and  other  employees  in  the  stock  rooms  and 
storage  yards,  and  such  expenses  as  storeroom  and  store  yard 
rent,  light,  heat,  etc. 

Note:  Credit  this  account  tvith  all  or  such  proportion  of 
stores  department  expenses  as  it  is  desired  to  distribute,  charging 
the  proper  expense  or  construction  accounts. 

162  Stable  and  Garage  Expenses — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  all  expenses  incurred  in  operating 
stable  and  garage  equipment,  including  wages  of  stable  employees, 
drivers,  teamsters,  chauffeurs,  employees  operating  industrial  tram- 
ways, and  other  similar  equipment,  together  with  such  expenses 
as  water  for  stable  use,  feed,  feeding,  axle  grease,  blankets,  shoe- 
ing horses,  expense  of  stabling,  repairing  harnesses  and  vehicles, 
gasoline,  kerosene,  and  other  equipment  supplies  of  a  similar 
character. 

Note:    Credit  this  account  with  all  or  such  proportion  of  stable 
and  garage   expenses  as  it  is  desired   to  distribute,   charging   the 
proper  expense  or  construction  accounts. 
16.3  Shop  and  Laboratory  Expenses — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  expenses  incurred  in  operating 
shop  and  laboratory  equipment,  including  salaries  and  wages  of 
employees,  together  with  such  expenses  as  power,  fuel,  oil,  smith- 
ing supplies  and  other  shop  and  laboratory  expenses  of  a  similar 
character. 

Note:     Credit  this  account  with  all  or  such  proportion  of  shop 
and  laboratory  expense  as  it  is  desired  to  distribute,  charging  the 
proper  expense  or  construction  account. 
164  Inventory  Adjustments  (Dr.  or  Cr.)  —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  or  credit  to  this  account  any  shortages  or  overages 
shown  by  the  inventory  of  materials  and  supplies,  which  cannot 
be  distributed  to  the  proper  construction  or  operating  expense 
accounts. 


59 


2  — MAINTENANCE 

S21  Steam  Power  Production — (Class  C)   ' 

This  account  includes  all  the  expenses  provided  for  under  the 
following  heads : 

5211  Repairs  to  Station   Structures — (Class  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  ma- 
terial incurred  in  repairing  building  and  structures,  including  per- 
manent apparatus  foundations,  used  exclusively  for  the  generation 
of  electric  energy  by  steam  power,  including  outbuildings,  tool- 
houses,  etc. 

If  current  is  also  generated  by  hydraulic  power  or  gas  power, 
or  both,  the  maintenance  of  structures  used  jointly  will  be  ap- 
portioned over  the  appropriate  maintenance  accounts  in  the  re- 
spective groups  of  power  accounts. 

For  class  A  utilities,  or  when  departments  of  a  class  B  utility 
make  demand  upon  the  same  boiler  plant,  this  account  should  be 
subdivided  to  show  separately  the  repairs  to  structures  devoted 
to  the  boiler  plant  and  the  repairs  to  the  structures  devoted  to 
power  plant.  The  following  accounts  should  be  raised  for  Class 
A. 
■    S211a  Repairs  to  Boiler  Plant  Structures, 

b  Repairs  to  Power  Plant  Structures. 

5212  Repairs  to   Steam   Power  Plant  Equipment  —  (Class  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined  in  the  following 
accounts : 

S212a  Repairs  to  Boiler   Plant  Equipment — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  repairing  all  furnaces, 
fuel  oil  tanks  and  pipe  lines,  boilers  and  boiler  apparatus,  and 
accessories  devoted  to  the  production  of  steam  for  use  in  gen- 
erating electrical  energy.  This  includes  boilers  and  valves 
thereto  attached,  appurtenant  furnaces  and  grates,  and  flues 
leading  to  smokestacks  and  chimneys,  and  the  specially  pro- 
vided foundations  and  settings  of  such  boilers  and  appurte- 
nance's; also  iron  and  steel  smokestacks.  It  also  includes  me- 
chanical stokers  and  other  like  apparatus  for  regulating  the 
supply  of  fuel,  etc.,  feed  and  hot  water  heaters  and  economizers, 
injectors,  filters,  feed  pumps,  blower  pumps,  coal  conveyors,  ash 
conveyors,  water  pipes,  steam  traps,  drains  and  separators,  pipes 
for  conducting  steam  from  the  boiler  to  the  engine,  etc.  It 
does  not  include  repairs  to  steam  pipes  whose  primary  purpose 
is  the  heating  of  buildings. 

S2I2b  Repairs  to  Prime  Movers — (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  expenses  of  all  labor  and  ma- 
terials incurred  in  repairing  steam  engines  and  steam  turbines 
devoted  to  converting  steam  energy  into  mechanical  energy  for 
electric  generation,  including  such  engine  and  turbine  accessories 
as  the  throttle  valve  and  the  governor,  also  condensers,  air  and 
circulating  pumps,  and  lubricating  systems. 
S212c  Repairs  to  Accessory  Mechanical  Equipment  —  (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  expense  of  all  labor  and 
material  incurred  in  making  repairs  to  the  steam  power  plant 
accessory    equipment,    including   the    power   transmission    equip- 


6o 


ment  such  as  shafting,  beltmg,  rope  and  cable  drives,  clutches, 
pulleys  and  idler  wheels,  and  motors,  hoists,  cranes,  blacksmith 
and  machinists'  tools,  and  all  other  accessory  equipment  other 
than  hand  tools,  the  cost  of  which  is  to  be  included  in  Operat- 
ing Expenses. 

If  electric  energy  is  also  generated  at  the  power  plant  by 
other  than  steam  power,  the  cost  of  maintaining  power  plant 
auxiliary  equipment  used  for  the  joint  benefit  of  the  different 
methods  of  generation,  will  be  apportioned  over  the  appropriate 
maintenance  accounts  of  the  respective  classes  of  Powrer  Ac- 
counts. 
S213  Repairs  to  Electrical  Equipment — (Class  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined  in  the  following 
accounts : 
S213a  Repairs  to  Generators — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  material 
incurred  in  repairing  generators,  alternators,  exciters,  and  other 
electric  generating  apparatus  driven  by  steam  power,  and  with 
repairs  to  rotaries  and  motor-generator  sets,  etc.,  when  not  in- 
stalled in  connection  with  the  transmission  system. 

If  current  is  also  generated  at  the  station  by  gas  power  or 
hydraulic  power,  or  both,  the  maintenance  of  all  apparatus  used 
jointly  in  generating  current  by  the  several  methods  will  be 
apportioned  over  the  appropriate  maintenance  accounts  in  the 
respective  groups  of  Power  Accounts. 
S213b  Repairs  to  Accessory  Electrical  Equipment — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  material 
used  in  repairing  electric  apparatus  at  the  steam  power  generat- 
ting  plant,  not  included  in  the  account  "Repairs  to  Generators". 
This  includes  bus  bars,  regulators,  cables,  switchboards  and  other 
power  plant  electrical  equipment  such  as  circuit  breakers, 
switches,  ammeters,  voltmeters,  wattmeters,  etc.,  together  with 
their  special  foundations  and  setting  and  the  terminal  board. 
The  maintenance  of  special  high  tension  switchboards,  switches, 
current  transformers,  lightning  -arresters,  potential  transformers, 
reactive  coils,  choke  coils,  grounding  devices  and  resistances, 
raising  and  lowering  transformers,  etc.,  will  also  be  charged  to 
this  account. 

The  maintenance  of  wiring  for  lighting  the  power  plant 
will  not  be  charged  to  this  account,  but  to  the  account  "Repairs 
to  Station  Structures". 

Note:     The  cost  of  repairs  to   electrical  apj^aratus  installed  in 
the    pozver    lioiise    and    used    cxclusiTcly    for    Municipal    Lighting, 
should    be    charged    to    Account    Nn.    251  —  Repairs    to    Municipal 
Lighting  Equipment. 
G21  Gas  Power  Production  —  (Class  C) 

This  account  includes  all  the  expenses  provided   for   under   the 
following  heads : 
G211  Repairs  to  Station  Structures — (Class  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  material 
incurred  in  repairing  buildings  and  structures,  including  permanent 
foundations  for  apparatus  used  exclusively  for  the  generation  of 
electric  energy  by  gas  .power,  including  outbuildings,  tool  houses, 
etc. 


6i 

If  current  is  also  generated  in  the  same  general  buildings  and 
structures  by  steam  power  or  hydraulic  power,  or  both,  the  main- 
tenance of  structure  used  jointly  will  be  apportioned  over  the 
appropriate  maintenance  accounts  in  the  respective  groups  of 
Power  Accounts. 

For  Class  A  utilities,  or  when  a  department  of  Class  B  utility 
makes  demand  upon  the  same  gas  producer  plant,  this  account 
shall  be  subdivided  to  show  separately,  the  repairs  to  the  struct- 
ures devoted  to  the  gas  producer  plant  and  the  repairs  to  the 
structures  devoted  to  the  power  plant.  The  following  accounts 
shall  be  raised  for  class  A : 
G211a  Repairs  to  Gas  Producer  Plant  Structures 

b  Repairs  to  Power  Plant  Structures 

G212  Repairs  to  Gas  Producer  Plant  Equipment — (Class  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined  in  the  following 
accounts : 
G212a  Repairs  to  Gas  Producer  Equipment —  (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  expense  of  all  labor  and 
material  incurred  in  repairing  apparatus  used  for  the  produc- 
tion of  gas  for  power  purposes  in  the  generation  of  electric 
energy.  Also  charge  with  the  cost  of  repairing  gas  conductor 
and  exhaust  pipe  and  other  auxiliary  gas  producer  apparatus. 
This  includes  producers,  economizers,  regenerators,  vaporizers, 
steam  injectors,  scrubbers,  exhauster  outfit,  cells,  specially  pro- 
vided boilers  and  pumps,  flues  and  pipe,  coal  and  ash  conveyors 
and  accessory  equipment,  blower  engines,  holders,  and  all  similar 
auxiliary  equipment. 
G212b  Repairs  to  Gas  Engines — (Class  A) 

To  this  account  shall  be  charged  the  expense  of  all  labor 
and  supplies  incurred  in  repairing  gas  engines  and  turbines  de- 
voted to  the  production  of  electric  energy,  including  inlet  valves, 
governors,  ignition  and  starting  apparatus.  The  maintenance  of 
power  transmission  apparatus  as  belts,  shafts,  etc.,  will  not  be 
charged  to  this  account. 
G212c  Repairs  to  Accessory  Mechanical  Equipment — (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  sup- 
plies incurred  in  making  repairs  to  auxiliary  equipment  in  the 
gas  power  generating  plant,  including  power  transmission  equip- 
ment such  as  shafting,  belting;  rope  and  cable  drives,  clutches, 
pulleys,  and  idler  wheels,  motors,  hoists,  cranes,  blacksmith  and 
machinists'  tools  and  all  other  gas  power  plant  accessory  equip- 
ment other  than  hand  tools,  the  cost  of  which  is  to  be  included 
in  operating  expenses. 

Where  electric  energy  is  also  generated  at  the  same  plant  by 
steam  or  hydraulic  power,  repairs  to  auxiliary  equipment  oper- 
ated for  the  joint  benefit  of  all  methods  of  current  generation, 
will  be  apportioned  over  the  respective  classes  of  Power  Ac- 
counts. 
G218  Repairs  to  Electrical  Equipment — (Class  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined  in  the  following 
accounts : 

G213a  Repairs  to  Generators — (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with   the  expense  of   repairing  generators. 


62 

alternators,  exciters,  and  other  electric  generating  apparatus 
driven  by  gas  power  and  with  repairs  to  rotaries  and  motor- 
generators,  etc.,  when  not  installed  in  connection  with  the  trans- 
mission system.  If  current  is  also  generated  at  the  station  by 
steam  power  or  hydraulic  power,  or  both,  the  maintenance  of 
all  apparatus  used  jointly  for  current  generated  by  the  respective 
methods  shall  be  apportioned  over  the  appropriate  maintenance 
accounts  in  the  respective  groups  of  Power  Accounts. 
■   G213b  Repairs  to  Accessory  Electrical  Equipment — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  supplies 
incurred  in  repairing  electric  apparatus  at  the  gas  power  gen- 
erating plant  not  included  in  the  account  "Repairs  to  Gener- 
ators". This  includes  bus-bars,  regulators,  cables,  switchboards, 
and  other  power  plant  electrical  equipment  such  as  circuit 
breakers,  switches,  ammeters,  voltmeters,  wattmeters,  etc.,  to- 
gether with  their  special  foundations  and  settings  and  terminal 
board.  The  maintenance  of  special  high  tension  transmission 
equipment  at  the  gas  power  generating  station  such  as  high 
tension  bus-bars,  switchboards,  lightning  arresters,  potential 
transformers,  reactive  coils,  choke  coils,  grounding  devices  and 
resistances,  raising  and  lowering  transformers,  etc.,  shall  also 
be  charged  to  this  account. 

The  maintenance  of  wiring  for  lighting  the  power  plant 
will  not  be  charged  to  this  account,  but  to  the  accou  it  "Repairs 
to  Station  Structures". 

W21  Water  Power  Production — (Class  C) 

This  account  includes  all  the  expenses  provided   for  under  the 
following  heads : 

W211  Repairs  to  Station  Structures —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  expenses  of  all  labor   and  ma- 
terial   incurred    in    repairing    buildings    and    structures,    including 
permanent    foundations  •  for    apparatus,    used    exclusively    for    the 
generation  of  elecfric  energy  by  hydraulic   power,  including  out- 
»  buildings,  tool  houses,  etc. 

If  current  is  also  generated  by  other  than  hydraulic  power, 
the  maintenance  of  buildings,  fixtures  and  grounds  used  for  the 
joint  benefit  of  the  several  methods  of  generation,  will  be  appor- 
tioned over  the  appropriate  "Maintenance"  accounts  in  the  re- 
spective classes  of  Power  Accounts. 

W2r2         Repairs  to  Water  Power  Plant  Equipment — (Class  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined  in  the  following 
accounts : 

W212a  Repairs  to  Dams,  Canals  and  Pipe  Lines — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  supplies, 
incurred  in  repairing  hydraulic  structures,  such  structures  in- 
clude dams,  embankments,  etc.,  for  impounding  water,  and  all 
appurtenant  gates,  valves,  weirs,  wasteways,  canals,  conduits, 
and  other  channels  (including  rip-rap,  lining  walls,  etc.),  pipe 
lines,  flumes,  aqueduct  and  supporting  trestles,  forebays  and 
appurtenant  sieves  and  grids,  wasteways,  etc.,  all  viaducts, 
bridges,  foot  bridges,  etc.,  over  and  accessory  to  or  necessitated 
by  such  canals,  aqueducts,  and  flumes,  and  also  the  wasteways 
conducting  water  from  the  outlet  of  the  draft  tube  to  the  point 


63 


of   final   discharge.     If   desired   the    following   sub-accounts   may 
be  opened  to  this  account : 

W2r2aa  —  Repairs  to  Dams  and  Intakes. 

W212ab  —  Repairs  to  Flumes  and  Canals. 

W212ac  —  Repairs  to  Reservoirs  and  Forebays. 

W212ad  —  Repairs  to  Penstocks  and  Tailraces. 

W212b  Repairs  to  Turbines  and  Water  Wheels —  (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  labor  and  material 
incurred  in  repairing  turbines  and  water  wheels  and  their  gov- 
ernors and  accessories,  which  includes  all  equipment  from  pen- 
stocks to  tailraces  such  as  gates,  valves,  pumps,  piping,  etc., 
used  in  connection  with  the  turbines,  water  wheels  or  governors. 
Some  of  the  principal  items  under  this  account  are  needle 
valves,  nozzles,  deflecting  hoods,  relief  valves,  air  compressors 
for  surge  tanks,  pumps  for  governors  and  necessary  piping  in 
connection  therewith. 

V212c  Repairs  to  Accessory  Mechanical  Equipment —  (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  sup- 
plies incurred  in  repairs  to  the  hydraulic  power  plant  accessory 
equipment,  including  power  transmission  equipment  such  as 
shafting,  belting,  rope  and  cable  drives,  clutches,  pulleys  and 
idler  wheels,  motors,  hoists,  cranes,  blacksmith  and  machinists' 
tools,  arid  all  other  accessory  equipment  other  than  hand  tools, 
the  cost  of  which  is  to  be  included  in  operating  expenses. 

If  electrical  energy  is  also  generated  at  the  station  by  other 
than  hydraulic  power,  the  cost  of  maintaining  power  plant  auxil- 
iary equipment  used  for  the  joint  benefit  of  the  dififerent  methods 
of  generation  will  be  apportioned  over  the  appropriate  mainte- 
nance accounts  in  the  respective  classes  of  Power  .Accounts. 
W213  Repairs  to  Electrical  Equipment —  (Class  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined   in   the   following 
accounts : 

W213a  Repairs  to  Generators — -(Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  sup- 
plies incurred  in  repairing  generators,  alternators,  exciters,  and 
other  electric  generating  apparatus  driven  by  hydraulic  power, 
and  also  with  repairs  to  rotaries,  motor  generator  sets.  etc.. 
when  not  installed  in  connection  with  the  transmission  system.* 

W213b  Repairs  to  Accessory  Electrical   Equipment — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  sup- 
plies incurred  in  repairing  electric  apparatus  at  the  hydraulic 
power  generating  plant  not  included  in  the  account  "Repairs  to 
Generators".  This  includes  bus-bars,  regulators,  cables,  switch- 
boards and  other  power  plant  electrical  equipment  such  as  cir- 
cuit breakers,  switches,  ammeters,  voltmeters,  wattmeters,  etc.. 
together  with  their  special  foundations  and  settings  and  the 
terminal  board.  The  maintenance  of  special  high  tension  trans- 
mission equipment  at  the  power  plant  such  as  high  tension  bus- 
bars, switchboards,  tension  switches,  current  transformers,  li2;ht- 
ning  arresters,  potential  transformers,  reactive  coils,  choke  coils, 
grounding  devices  and  resistances,  raising  and  lowering  trans- 
formers, etc.,  shall  also  be  charged  to  this  account.  The  main 
tenance   of   wiring    for   lighting   the   hydraulic   power    plant    will 


64 

not  be  charged  to  this  account  but  to  the  account  "Repairs  to 
Station   Structures".* 

Note:  *//  energy  is  also  generated  at  the  station  by  other 
than  hydraulic  power,  the  maintenance  of  all  apparatus  used  for 
the  joint  benefit  of  the  several  methods  of  generation  will  be 
apportioned  over  the  appropriate  maintenance  accounts  in  the 
respective  classes  of  Power  Accounts. 
22  Transmission— (Class   C) 

This  account  includes  all  the  expenses  provided  for  under  the 
following  heads : 
221  Repairs  to  Sub-station  Structures  and  Equipment — (Class  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined  in  the  following 
accounts : 
221a  Repairs  to  Sub-station  Structures — (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  ma- 
terial incurred  in  repairing  sub-station  and  transformer  station 
buildings,  fixtures  and  grounds,  together  with  all  permanent 
fixtures  therein  and  appurtenant  thereto,  including  work  on 
streets,  drives,  sidewalks,  vaults,  pits,  sheds,  and  permanent 
foundations  of  apparatus. 

221b  Repairs  to  Sub-station  Equipment —  (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  ma- 
terial incurred  in  repairing  apparatus  in  the  sub-station  and 
transformer  stations,  including  transformers,  boosters,  rotary 
converters,  moter  generator  sets,  station  cables,  switchboards 
and  instruments,  station  terminal  boards,  etc. 

This  account  does  not  include  the  cost  of  repairing  storage 
battery  equipment. 

'^22  Repairs  to  Transmission  System — (Class  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined  in  the  following 
•  accounts : 

222a  Repairs  to  Overhead  Transmission  Lines — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  material 
incurred  in  making  repairs  to  the  overhead  transmission  system. 
This  includes  repairing,  relocating  and  repainting  poles  and  pole 
fixtures,  repairs  to  cross  arms,  insulators,  insulator  pins,  braces, 
brackets,  and  other  pole  fixtures  and  appliances ;  guys  and  other 
supports  for  holding  poles,  towers  and  other  structures  in  posi- 
tion, painting  towers,  repairs  to  towers  and  other  appliances  for 
supporting  the  overhead  transmission  system,  the  repairs  to  tpans- 
mission  conductors  between  the  generating  plant  and  the  sub- 
station, and  repairs  to  Transmission  Telephone  Systems. 

The  cost  of  maintaining  poles,  towers,  and  other  support- 
ing fixtures  which  carry  both  transmission  and  distribution  con- 
ductors may  be  apportioned  between  this  account  and  the   .Ac- 
count No.  241a  —  Repairs  to  Overhead  Distribution  Lines. 
If  desired,  sub-accounts  may  be  opened  to  this  account: 
222aa  —  Repairs  to  Transmission  Poles  and  Fixtures. 
222ab  —  Repairs  to  Overhead  Transmission  Conductors. 

222b  Repairs  to  Underground  Transmission  Lines — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  material 
incurred  in  making  repairs  to  the  underground  transmission 
system.     This  includes  repairs  to  underground  transmission  con- 


^5 

duits,  manholes,  sewer  connections,  sewer  traps,  and  paving, 
underground  cables,  both  feeders  and  mains,  together  with 
services  in  connection  with  the  same. 

The  cost  of  maintaining  underground  conduits  used  jointly 
by  transmission  and  distribution  conductors  may  be  apportioned 
between   this   account   and  the  Account    No.    241b  —  Repairs   to 
Underground  Distribution  Lines. 
^  If   desirable   the   following  sub-accounts   may  be  opened  to 

this  account : 

222ba — Repairs  to   Underground  Transmission   Conduits. 
222bb  —  Repairs   to   Underground   Transmission   Conduct- 
ors. 

23  Storage—  (Class  C) 

231  Repairs  to  Storage  Battery  Structures  and  Equipment — (Class  B) 

Charge  to  these  accounts,   for  the  respective  classes  as  indi- 
cated above,  the  expenses  defined  in  the  following  accounts : 
231a  Repairs  to  Storage  Battery  Structures — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  material 
incurred  in  repairing  buildings  and  structures  used  exclusively 
for  storage  battery  purposes.  If  the  storage  battery  is  housed 
in  one  of  the  general  power  plant  buildings  or  in  the  sub-station 
or  transformer  station  buildings,  the  repairs  to  such  buildings, 
fixtures  and  grounds,  may  be  apportioned  so  as  to  charge  to 
this  account  the  proper  proportion  of  the  total  cost  of  repairs 
to  such  jointly  occupied  buildings. 
231b  Repairs  to  Storage  Battery  Equipment — (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  ma- 
terial incurred  in  repairing  storage  battery  equipment,  such  as 
storage  battery  tanks,  switches,  regulating  apparatus,  boosters, 
compensators,  renewal  of  w'orn  out  cells,  including  diaphragms, 
negative  and  positive  plates,  lead  in  strip,  spelter,  dry  boards, 
tin  bands,  sheet  lead,  glass  plates,  glass  covers,  hydrogen  gen- 
erators, jumpers,  clamps,  lamp  black,  and  items  of  a  similar 
nature. 

If  desired,  the  following  sub-accounts  may  be  opened  to 
this   account : 

231ba  —  Repairs  to  Storage  Batteries. 

231bb  —  Repairs  to  Storage  Battery  Accessories. 

24  Distribution — •  (Class  C) 

This  account  includes   all  the  expenses  provided   for  under  the 
following  heads : 

241  Repairs  to  Distribution  System  (Class  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined  in  the  following 
accounts : 

241a  Repairs  to  Overhead  Distribution  Lines —  (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  expenditures  for  repairs  of  over- 
head distribution  lines,  including  labor,  jnaterial,  tools  and  ex- 
penses. This  embraces  repairing,  relocating  and  repainting  poles, 
repairing  pole  fixtures  and  appliances,  including  cross  arms,  in- 
sulator.'?,  insulator  pins,  braces,  brackets,  and  all  other  pole 
fixtures  and  appliances ;  guys  and  other  supports  for  holding 
poles,  towers  and  other  structures  in  position,  also  repairs  of 
towers  and  painting  towers. 

5     p.   U. 


66 

Repairs  to  towers  •  or  other  structures,  or  appliances  for 
supporting  fixtures  whicli  carry  both  transmission  and  distribu- 
tion conductors,  may  be  apportioned  between  this  account  and 
the  Account  No.  222a  —  Repairs  to  Overhead  Transmission 
Lines. 

If  desired,  the  following  sub-accounts  may  be  opened  to  this 
account : 

241aa  —  Repairs  to  Distribution  Poles  and  Fixtures. 
241ab  —  Repairs  to  Overhead  Distribution  Conductors. 
241b  Repairs  to  Underground  Distribution   Lines — (Class   A) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  expenditures  for  repairs  of  under- 
ground distribution  system,  including  labor,  material,  tools,  and 
expenses.  This  includes  repairs  of  conduits,  manholes,  sewer 
connections,  sewer  traps  and  paving;  repairs  of  underground 
distribution  system  conductors,  repairs  of  underground  tube 
system,  including  coupling  boxes,  tubing,  junction  boxes,  man- 
holes and  paving  in  connection  therewith.  The  cost  of  main- 
taining conduits  which  carry  both  transmission  system  conduct- 
ors and  distribution  system  conductors  may  be  apportioned  be- 
tween this  account  and  the  Account  No.  222b  —  Repairs  to 
Underground  Transmission  Lines. 

If  desired,  the  following  sub-accounts  may  be  opened  to 
this  account : 

241ba  —  Repairs  to  Underground  Distribution  Conduits. 
241bb — 'Repairs  to  Underground  Distribution  Conductors. 

212  Repairs  to  Transformers —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  ma- 
terials incurred  in  repairing  transformers,  including  renewing  oil, 
repainting,  rewinding  and  repairs  to  transformers  and  transformer 
devices  on,  or  adjoining  consumers'  premises. 

243  Repairs  to  Services —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  material 
incurred  in  repairing  overhead  and  underground  services  between 
the  distribution  mains  and  the  customers'  premises. 

If  desired,  the  following  sub-accounts  may  be  opened-: 
a  —  Overhead, 
b  — ■  Underground. 

244  Repairs  to  Meters — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  materials 
incurred  in  repairing  meters  or  indicators  in  the  distribution  system, 
including  readjusting,  cleaning,  and  painting  old  meters,  new  meter 
parts,  consisting  of  jewels,  pivots,  magnets,  etc. 

25  Utilization — (Class  C) 

Charge   to   this   account   the    expenses    defined    in    the    following 
accounts : 
251  Repairs   to   Municipal   Lighting   Equipment — (Classes   A   and   B) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  sup- 
plies incurred  in  the  repair  of  municipal  lamps  and  lighting  equip- 
ment, repairing  of  lamps  in  the  utility's  repair  shop,  readjusting 
lamps  and  lamp  equipment,  renewal  of  defective  parts,  renewal  of 
cutouts,  repairs  and  renewal  of  niast-anns,  hangers,  etc.;  repairing, 
relocating  and  repainting  lamp  poles,  etc.;  also  for  all  labor  and 
material  expense  incurred  in  stations  and  sub-stations;  for  repairs 


67 

to  synchronous  motor-generator  sets  for  series  high  tension  arc 
lamps;  transformers  and  regulators  for  series  alternating  current 
arc  lamps;  transformers,  compensators,  rectifier  tubes,  tanks,  oils, 
etc.,  for  series  .'riagnetite  arc  lamps ;  also  for  all  labor  and  material 
expense  incurred  in  repairs  to  equipment  installed  in  stations  and 
used  exclusively  for  municipal  lighting. 
252  Repairs  to  Commercial  Lighting  Equipment —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  sup- 
plies incurred  in  the  repair  and  renewal  of  commercial  lamps  and 
lighting  equipment  other  than  defined  in  preceding  account.  This 
includes  the  cost  of  removing  lamps  and  lamp  equipment,  repair- 
ing of  lamps  in  the  utility's  repair  shop,  readjusting  lamps  and 
lamp  equipment,  renewals  of  defective  parts,  renewal  of  cutouts, 
repairs  and  renewal. of  mast-arms,  hangers,  etc.;  repairing,  relocat- 
ing and  repainting  lamp  poles,  etc. 
26  Undistributed — (Class  C) 

This  account  includes  all  the   expenses  provided   for  under  the 
following  heads  : 
260a  Repairs  to  General  Office  Structures  and  Equipment — (Class  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined  in  the  following 
accounts : 

261  Repairs  to  General  Office  Structures — (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  ma- 
terial incurred  in  tlie  repair  of  the  general  office  buildings  and 
structures,  including  elevators,  vaults,  heating  and  lighting  fixture.': 
and  appurtenant  sidewalks,  lawns,  fences,  drives,  ere. 

262  Repairs  to  General  Office  Equipment — (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  expense  of  all  labor  and  material 
incurred   in  the   repair  of  the  general  office   equipment,   including 
furniture  and  furnishings,  office  apparatus  and  appliances,  etc. 
2601^  Repairs   to    Stores,    Shops,    Garages,    Stables,    Etc.  —  Structures    and 

Equipment — (Class  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined  in  the  following 
accounts : 
268  Repairs    to    Stores,    Shops,    Garages,    Stables,    Etc.  —  Structures  — 

(Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  labor  and  material 
expense  incurred  in  making  repairs  to  the  structures  housing  the 
miscellaneous  equipment.  This  includes  all  expense  of  maintain- 
ing these  buildings,  fixtures  and  grounds.  Each  utility  is  at  liberty 
to  open  sub-accounts  in  which  to  segregate  the  cost  of  maintain- 
ing the  structures  in  these  various  departments,  according  to  its 
individual  needs. 
264  Repairs    to    Stores,    Shops,    Garages,    Stables,    Etc.  —  Equipment  — 

(Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  labor  and  material  ex- 
pense incurred  in  making  repairs  to  any  miscellaneous  equipment. 
Each  utility  is  at  liberty  to  open  sub-accounts  in  which  to  segre- 
gate the  cost  of  maintaining  the  equipment  in  these  various  depart- 
ments, according  to  its  individual  needs. 

Note  :  Credit  the  two  preceding  accounts,  Nos.  263  and  264. 
with  all  or  such  proportion  of  the  expenses  of  maintaining  stores, 
slwps,  garages  or  stable  structures  and  equipment,  as  it  is  desired  to 
distribute,  charging   the  proper  construction   or  expense  accounts. 


68 

27  Deferred  Upkeep    (Reserve  credit)  —  (All  Classes) 

This    account   has   been   sub-divided    for   Class    A    Utilities   as 
follows : 

271  Extraordinary  Repairs. 

272  Renewals  and  Replacements. 

273  Contingencies. 

For  definitions  and  detailed  instructions  see  Page  90 

3— GENERAL   EXPENSES 

31  Administrative  Expenses —  (Class  C)  . 

Charge   to   this    account   the    expenses    defined    in    the    following 
accounts : 
310a  Salaries  and  Expenses  of  Administrative  Ofiicers —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

311  Charge  this  account  with  the  salaries,  traveling  and  other  ex- 
penses of  general  officers,  including  president,  vice-president,  secre- 
tary, treasurer,  comptroller,  auditor,  general  manager,  and  all  other 
officers  whose  jurisdiction  extends  over  the  entire  business,  and 
whose  services  are  not  chargeable  to  any  particular  department. 

810b  General  Office  Salaries  and  Expenses —  (Class  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined  in  the  following 
accounts : 

312  Salaries  and  Expenses  of  Other  Office  Employees — (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  salaries,  traveling  and  other  ex- 
penses of  all  clerks  and  assistants  connected  with  the  general 
offices  except  such  as  may  be  directly  engaged  in  other  departments, 
in  which  case  their  compensation  shall  be  charged  to  such  depart- 
ment directly.  Where  general  office  clerks  also  perform  services 
for  other  departments,  their  compensation  shall  be  apportioned  ac- 
cordingly, and  charged  to  the  respective  departmental  accounts. 

313  General  Office  Rent— (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  all  rent  paid  for  general  offices. 

314  General  Office  Supplies  and  Expenses — (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  office  supplies  and 
expenses,  newspapers  and  periodicals,  messenger  and  janitor  ser- 
vice, directory,  telegrams,  exchange  on  remittances,  etc. 

310c  General  Expenses — (Class  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined  in  the  following 
accounts : 

315  Miscellaneous  General  Expenses — (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  miscellaneous  general 
expenses  embracing  such  items  as  publishing  annual  reports  in 
newspapers,  advertising  notices  of  stockholders'  meeting,  dividend 
notices,  and  other  corporate  and  financial  notices  of  a  general 
character,  association  dues,  expenses  attending  conventions  and 
meetings,  subscriptions  and  donations,  fees  of  transfer  agents, 
registrars  of  stock,  and  fiscal  agents  and  other  contingent  expenses 
of  management  not  otherwise  provided  for. 

316  Law  Expenses  —  General — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  law  expenses  except  those  incurred 
in  connection  with  the  defense  and  settlement  of  injury  and  dam- 
age claims.     Charge  with  salaries  and  expenses  of  counsel,  solicit- 


69 

ors  and  general  attorneys,  their  clerks  and  attendants,  etc.  Charge 
also  with  the  cost  of  law  books,  printing  briefs,  legal  forms, 
testimony,  reports,  fees  and  retainers  of  general  counsel  and  at- 
torneys, court  costs,  and  payments  of  specific  notarial  and  witness 
fees,  expense  of  taking  depositions  and  other  general  law  and 
court  expenses.  Expenses  of  arbitrators  of  disputed  points  will 
also  be  charged  to  this  account. 

Salaries,  fees  and  retainers  of  counsel  and  attorneys  engaged 
in  the  defense  and  settlement  of  injury  and  damage  suits  will  be 
charged  to  the  .A-ccount  No.  33  — Injuries  and  Damages. 
317  Stationery  and  Printing — (Class  A) 

Charge   to    this    account    all    undistributed    expenses    for    sta- 
tionery and  printing,  stationery  supplies  and  postage,  blanks,  rec- 
ord books,  etc.,  except  as  hereinbefore  provided. 
318  Relief  and  Pensions — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  to  this   account   pensions   paid   to    retired   employees   or 
representatives    of    former    employees,    and    expenses    in    connection 
therewith;  also  salaries  and  expenses  incurred  in  conducting  a  re- 
lief department  and  contributions  made  to  such  a  department. 
32  Commercial  and  Business   Promotion  Expenses  — 

321  Commercial  Expenses — (Classes  B  and  C) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined  in  the  following 
•         accounts : 
321a  Meter  Reading  Salaries  and  Expenses — (Class  A) 

Charge   to   this   account  all   labor   employed   in    the   reading 

of  demand   and   recording  meters,   including  lamps  and   sealing 

pliers,  etc.     This  account  will  also  include  the  cost  of  counting 

consumers'    installations   and    petty   expenses    of    meter    readers. 

321b  Collections  —  Salaries  and  Expenses — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  labor  and  expense  incurred  in 
the  collection  of  consumers'  accounts,  including  salaries  of 
collection  office  employees,  collectors,  cashiers,  assistants,  and 
all  petty  expenses  of  employees  engaged  in  the  work.  There 
will  also  be  charged  to  this  account  the  proportion  of  the 
consumer's  accounting  department  expenses  which  may  be  prop- 
erly chargeable  to  collection  work,  such  as  making  up  of  col- 
lectors' statements,  stationery,  printing,  office  supplies  and  cost 
of  delivering  bills. 
321c  Contract  Office  —  Salaries  and  Expenses — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  that  part  of  the  Contract  Depart- 
ment expense  which  is  not  assignable  to  the  "Promotion  of 
Business".  This  account  will  include  the  proper  proportion  of 
contract  manager  and  assistants'  salaries,  also  salaries  of  clerks 
assigned  to  give  attention  to  bill  questions,  receive  applications, 
etc. 

Note:      This   does   not  include    the    cost    of   demonstrating 
electric   devices    or   display   window    trimmings,   which    will    be 
charged  to  Account  No.  332d  —  Miscellaneous  Business  Promo- 
tion Expenses. 
321d  Consumers'   Accounting  —  Salaries   and   Expenses — (Class   A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  keeping  the  accounts 
of  consumers,  including  the  salaries  of  office  manager  and 
assistants  in  charge  of  the  work,  and  salaries  of  all  bookkeepers 
and    clerks    in    the    accounting    department    having   to    do    with 


7o 

consumers'  accounts.  This  account  will  also  include  stationery, 
printing  and  miscellaneous  oflfice  supplies  and  expenses  which 
are  directly  chargeable  to   consumers'   accounting. 

Note:     When  consumers'  accounting  department  clerks  per-    . 
form  services  for  other  departments,  their  compensation  will  be 
apportioned  ^accordingly,  and  charged   to   the  respective  depart- 
mental accounts. 
322  Business  Promotion  Expenses — (Classes  B  and  C) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  expenses  defined  in  the  following 
accounts : 
322a  Canvassing  and  Soliciting —  (Class  Ai 

Charge  to  this  account  the  salaries  of  the  promotion  of 
business  manager  and  assistants,  salaries  and  commissions  paid 
to  canvassers,  solicitors  and  contractors,  also  the  cost  of  pre- 
paring estimates,  engineering  advice  on  wiring,  etc.,  and  sundry 
expenses  in  connection  therewith. 

322b  Advertising— (Class   A) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  expenses  of  advertising  incurred 
for  the  promotion  and  extension  of  the  business,  including 
salaries  and  expenses  of  advertising  manager  and  clerks,  printed 
advertisement,  whether  newspaper  or  circular,  posters,  bulletins, 
booklets,  and  all  related  expenses. 

822c  Wiring— (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  amounts  .allowed  owners  of 
old  houses  to  cover  part  of  the  cost  of  wiring  in  order  to  in- 
duce new  business. 

322d  Miscellaneous  Business  Promotion  Expenses— (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  labor  and  expenses  incurred  in 
the  promotion  of  business  not  directly  chargeable  to  the  pre- 
ceding "Promotion  of  Business"  accounts.  This  will  include 
salaries  and  expenses  of  demonstrators,  cost  of  trimming  stores 
and  windows  for  displaying  electrical  devices,  and  miscellaneous 
promotion  store  and  office  supplies  and  expenses. 
33  Injl'Ries  and  Damages — (Classes  B  and  C) 

Charge  to  this   account  the   expenses    defined   in   the   following 
accounts : 
331  Injuries  to   Persons — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  expenses  incident  to  injury  and 
death  to  employees  and  other  persons  for  whose  injury  or  death 
the  company  is  held  liable,  or  in  settlement  of  which  claims  allow- 
ances are  made.  This  embraces  judgments  for  damages  and 
court  costs;  proportion  of  salaries  and  expenses  or  fees  of 
physicians  and  surgeons ;  expenses  of  undertaker,  nurses,  and 
hospital  attendants;  medical  and  surgical  appliances,  contributions 
to  hospitals,  transportation  of  injured  persons,  and  salaries  and 
wages  paid  to  employees  while  disabled.     Salaries  and  expenses  of  !^ 

claim  agents,  adjusters,  and  their  assistants,  will  be  charged  to 
this  account;  compensation  of  solicitors  and  counsel  and  other 
attorneys  while  engaged  in  defense  of  settlement  of  damage  suits, 
will  be  charged  to  this  account. 

382  Damages  to  Property —  (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  all  damages  to,  or  destruction  of, 
property   other   than   that   owned    by    the    company,    including    the 


71 

cost  of  restoring  the  property.  This  embraces  judgment  for  dam- 
ages and  court  costs  and  compensation  of  solicitors  and  counsel  or 
other  attorneys  engaged  in  the  defense  or  settlement  of  damage 
suits.  The  salaries  and  expenses  of  claim  agents,  adjusters  and 
assistants,  engaged  in  the  settlement  of  damage  to  property  claims, 
will   also  be  charged   to   this   account. 

Note:  //  it  be  desired  that  the  charge  to  operating  expenses 
on  account  of  either  Injuries  or  Damages  shall  be  upon  sonic 
arbitrary  basis^  the  amounts  so  charged  shall  be  credited  to  a  Re- 
serve account  with  appropriate  caption,  and  the  actual  disbursements 
as  defined  in  the  two  foregoing  accounts  shall  be  charged  against 
the  proper  reserve. 
34  Public  Regulation   Expenses — (Classes   C  and  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  all  fees  and  retainers  and  expenses 
of  counsel  and  solicitor,  attorneys,  clerks,  attendants,  expert  wit- 
nesses, and  others  whose  services  are  secured  in  the  defense  and 
prosecution  of  all  petitions  and  other  transactions  before  the  Public 
Utilities  Commission.  Expenses  which  are  made  necessary  by  rules, 
regulations,  and  orders  of  the  commission  as,  improvement  of  ser- 
vice, additional  inspection,  etc.,  will  not  be  charged  to  this  account, 
but  to  the  appropriate  departmental  operating  expense  accounts. 

This  account  should  include  expenses  incident  to  the  ascertain- 
ment in  accordance  with  the  order  of  the  Public  Utilities  Commis- 
sion dated  March  19,  1914,  of  the  value  of  property  owned  or  used 
by  the  accounting  utility;  such  expenses  including,  pay,  and  office, 
traveling,  and  other  expenses  of  officers  specially  employed  or  as- 
signed to  such  work,  and  their  assistants,  clerks,  and  attendants, 
and  the  cost  of  stationery  and  printing,  of  engineering  supplies  con- 
sumed, etc. 

This  account  will  be  divided  for  Class  "A"  utilities  into  the 
following  five  accounts  : 

341  Legal  Fees  and  Expenses. 

342  Expert  Fees  and  Expenses. 

343  Compensation  and  Expenses  of  Employees. 

344  Supplies  and  Expenses. 

345  Other  Public  Regulation  Expenses. 

35  Insurance — (Classes  A,  B  and  C) 

This  account  shall  include  premiums  paid  for  fire,  fidelity,  boiler, 
casualty,  burglary,  workmen's  compensation,  and  other  insurance; 
also  amounts  set  aside  for  an  insurance  reserve  by  a  utility  carry- 
ing its  own  insurance  in  whole  or  in  part. 

36  Franchise  Requirements — -(Classes  A,  B  and  C) 

This  account  inchules  the  value  uf  all  energy  furnished  to 
municipal  corporations  in  compliance  with  franchise  requirements 
or  municipal  lighting  contracts,  for  which  no  payment  is  received 
by  the  utility.  .^mounts  charged  to  this  account  should  be 
credited  to  Account  No.  392 — ■  "PVee  Services". 
:^7  Miscellaneous  Rents — (Classes  A,  B  and  C) 

This   account    should   be   charged    with    all    miscellaneous    rent 
.     payable,  not  provided   for  elsewhere. 

Note:  Rents  for  furnished  offices,  and  for  office  rooms  in 
office  buildings,  should  not  be  charged  to  this  account,  but  to  the 
appropriate  expense  account. 


72 

38  Uncollectible  Accounts  —  (Classes  A,  B  and  C) 

Charge  to  this  account  each  month,  making  a  corresponding 
credit  to  Account  No.  943  —  "Reserve  for  Uncollectible  Ac- 
counts", an  amount  which  it  is  estimated  by  its  uniform  appli- 
cation throughout  the  year,  will  yield  to  such  reserve  an  amount 
sufficient  to  cover  all  uncollectible  accounts  for  electrical  energy 
and  its  products,  which  become  uncollectible  and  are  charged 
to  the  reserve  because  of  the  removal  of  the  debtor  beyond  the 
jurisdiction  of  the  state,  the  operation  of  the  Statute  of  Limita- 
tions, discharge  in  bankruptcy,  or  for  any  other  sufficient  reason 
after  diligent  efifort  to  collect. 

39  Duplicate  Electric  Charges   (Credit) 

391  Current  Used  by  Company  (Classes  A,  B  and  C)    (Credit) 

Credit  to  this  account  all  charges  made  to  any  electric  operating 
expense  accounts  in  respect  to  any  electric  power  or  other  product 
of   electric  operations  of  the  utility  consumed. 

392  Free  Services   (Classes  A,  B  and  C)    (Credit) 

Credit  to  this  account  the  value  of  all  free  current  furnished. 
For  example  :  All  free  current  to  the  city  as  payment  for  franchise 
or  furnished  under  municipal  lighting  contracts  should  be  charged 
up  and  closed  off  at  the  end  of  each  period  to  Account  No.  36  — 
Franchise   Requirements. 

4  — MISCELLANEOUS  REVENUES  AND  EXPENSES 

41  Non-Operating  Revenues  and  Expenses — (Classes  B  and  C) 

Under   this    head    include    all    the    matters    provided    for    in    the 
following  accounts : 

411  Profit  on  Merchandise  Sales  and  Jobbing — (Class  A) 

Credit  to  this  account  the  earnings  from  the  sale  of  electric 
appliances  or  electric  merchandise  such  as  lamps,  fans,  flatirons, 
heating  appliances,  motors,  and  other  electric  appliances  for  the 
utilization  of  electric  energy. 

Credit  also  to  this  account  all  earnings  accruing  to  the  utility 
on  all  jobbing  work  performed  by  it,  such  as  wiring  of  consumers' 
'  premises  for  lighting  and  power  purposes,  and  rearranging  such 
wiring  and  connecting  fixtures.  If  prospective  consumers  are 
charged  for  service  performed  by  the  utility  in  connecting  the 
wired  premises  with  a  service  connection  or  for  placing  the  ser- 
vice wiring,  such  earnings  shall  be  credited  to  this  account. 

To  this  account  shall  be  charged  the  cost  of  all  appliances 
and  merchandise,  and  all  expenses  for  labor  and  material  in  con- 
nection with  their  sale  and  with  jobbing  operations.  The  net 
amount  only,  or  profit,  shall  be  carried  to  the  Income  Account 
in  the  annual  report.  The  credits  and  charges  to  this  account 
will  be  made  in  such  a  manner  as  to  admit  of  a  detailed  analysis 
when  called  for  by  the  Public  Utilities  Commission. 

412  Rents  from  Lease  of  Plant  and" Equipment —  (Class  A) 

Credit  to  this  account  as  it  accrues,  all  revenue  from  the 
rental  of  land,  buildings,  and  equipment,  and  rentals  received  for 
the  use  of  conduits,  poles,  and  other  line  supports  and  apparatus. 
Where  the  contract  for  the  rental  of  any  apparatus  or  appliances 
covers  also  the  cost  of  connecting  such   apparatus   and   its  main- 


n 

tenance,  the  entire  revenue  from   such   contract   shall  be  credited 
and  all  expenses  incident  thereto  charged  to  this  account. 

413  Miscellaneous   Rent  Revenues — (Class  A) 

Credit  this  account  with  all  miscellaneous  rent  receivable  not 
provided  for  in  the  foregoing  accounts. 

To  this  account  shall  be  charged  all  expenses  incurred  in 
connection  with  the  collection  of  miscellaneous  rents,  commissions 
and  fees  therefor;  the  cost  of  procuring  tenants  for  buildings, 
drawing  contracts  and  leases,  advertising  for  tenants,  expenses  of 
ouster  proceedings,  and  taxes,  unless  the  taxes  are  to  be  paid  by 
the  tenant.  Any  expenses  accruing  while  land  and  buildings  are 
idle,  also  repairs  upon  such  property,  will  be  charged  to  this 
account.  Only  the  net  income  or  profit  from  the  above  trans- 
actions will  be  carried  to  the  Income  Account  in  the  annual  re- 
port. Credits  and  charges  to  this  account  are  to  be  made  in  such 
a  manner  as  to  admit  of  a  detailed  analysis  being  made  when 
called  for  by  the  Public  Utilities  Commission. 

414  Interest  on  Deposits — (Class  A) 

Credit  to  this  account  monthly,  all  interest  accruing  to  the 
corporation  upon  balances  with  banks  and  trust  companies. 

415  Interest  and  Dividends  from  Investments — (Class  A) 

Credit  to  this  account  all  interest  as  it  accrues,  upon  interest 
bearing  securities  which  are  liabilities  of  solvent  companies,  muni- 
cipalities or  individuals,  held~as  investments  by  the  utility.  Credit 
to  this  account  all  dividends  declared  upon  the  stocks  of  corpora- 
tions held  as  investments  by  the  utility,  and  all  dividends  accrued 
when  guaranteed  by  solvent  concerns. 

A  description  of  the  securities  whose  yield  is  credited  to  this 
account  will  be  called  for  in  the  annual  report  to  the  Public 
Utilities  Commission. 

416  Miscellaneous  Non-Operating  Revenues  and  Expenses — (Class   A) 

Credit  to  this  account  all  revenue  from  non-operating  sources 
not  includible  in  any  of  the  preceding  accounts,  and  charge  with 
any   expense   incurred    therefor.     Utilities   are   at    liberty   to    open 
sub-accounts. 
42  Sub-Utility  Revenues  and  Expenses — (Classes  A,  B  and  C) 

When  an  electric  utility  supplements  its  usual  operations  by 
means  of  property  in  other  departments,  as  accounted  for  in  Ac- 
count No.  59,  it  shall  raise  a  separate  account  for  each  sub-utility, 
crediting  it  with  all  revenue  from  such  sub-utility  operations  and 
charging  all  expenses  incurred  in  connection  with  securing  this  rev- 
enue. For  example:  an  electric  light  utility  may  engage  in  the 
following : 

421  Hot  Water. 

422  Steam  Heating. 

423  Gas. 

424  Street  Railway. 

5  — FIXED  ASSETS 

50  Plant  Investment  as  of  January  1,  1915 —  (Classes  A,  B  and  C) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  property  and  plant  owned  by  the 
utility  and  devoted  to  its  electric  operations,  as  shown  by  the  utility's 
records  as  of  December  31,  1914.  It  is  required  that  all  records  of 
what  constitutes  the  property  at  that  date  shall  be  preserved. 


74 

When  any  property  or  plant  included  in  this  account  is  retired 
from  service,  this  account  shall  be  credited  with  the  amount  at 
which  the  property  was  charged  therein,  or,  if  such  is  not  available, 
with  the  estimated  original  cost,  the  facts  upon  which  the  estimate 
is  based  and  the  name  of  the  person  by  whom  estimated  shall  be 
shown. 

If  the  plant  investment  accounts  of  the  utility  at  the  date  of 
the  adoption  of  these  accounts  are  substantially  in  the  form  herein 
prescribed,  or  if  the  amount  representing  the  utility's  property  can 
be  accurately  allocated  to  the  plant  investment  accounts  as  provided 
for  in  this  classification  upon  the  completion  of  the  inventory  and 
appraisal  made  pursuant  to  the  order  of  the  Commission  dated 
March  19,  1914,  such  allocation  may  be  made,  but  the  charges  shall 
be  so  designated  upon  the  books  of  the  utility  as  to  show  clearly 
that  they  relate  only  to  property  installed  prior  to  January  1,  1915, 
and  the  annual  reports  to  the  Public  Utilities  Commission  of  ^ 
utility  making  such  distribution,  will  be  required  in  such  form  as  to 
show  the  portion  of  each  account  represented  by  investment  made 
prior  to  January  1,  1915. 

51  Intangible  Property — (Class  C) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  property  defined  in  the  following 
accounts : 

511  Organization — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  fees  paid  to  governments  for  the 
privilege  of  incorporation  and  all  fees  and  other  expenditures  in- 
cident to  organizing  the  electric  utility  business  and  placing  it  in 
readiness  to  do  business.  This  includes  the  cost  of  preparing  and 
distributing  prospectuses,  cost  of  soliciting  subscriptions  for  stock, 
cash  fees  paid  to  promoters,  and  the  actual  cash  value  at  the  time 
of  organization,  of  securities  paid  to  promoters  for  their  services 
in  organizing  the  enterprise,  attorneys'  fees,  cost  of  preparing  and 
issuing  certificates  of  stock,  and  cost  of  procuring  authority  from 
the  Public  Utilities  Commission,  and  other  similar  expenses.  Ex- 
penses incident  to  an  increase  of  the  capital  stock  and  the  nego- 
tiation and  sale  of  stock  thereunder,  and  expenses  of  preparing 
and  filing  certificates  of  amendment  to  the  articles  of  incorpora- 
tion, shall  also  be  charged  to  this  account. 

This  account  shall  not  include  any  discounts  upon  bonds  issued, 
nor  shall  it  include  any  costs  incident  to  negotiating  loans  or  sell- 
ing bonds  or  other  evidence  of  indebtedness. 

512  Royalties,  Franchises  and  Licenses  —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  rights,  royajlties,  fran- 
chises and  licenses  having  a  life  of  more  than  one  year  from  the 
date  when  placed  in  service.     Utilities  are  at  liberty  to  open  sub- 
■  accounts  showing  the  total  cost  of  any  property  herein  defined. 

513  Other  Intangible  Property— (Classes  A  and   B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  other  intangible  prop- 
erty not  included  in  the  foregoing  accounts.  All  entries  of  charges 
to  this  account  shall  describe  the  property  with  sufficient  par- 
ticularity to  clearly  identify  it,  and  shall  also  show  specifically 
the  principal  from  whom  acquired  and  all  agents  representing 
such  principal  in  the  transaction. 


75 

52  Lands  Used  in  Electric  Operations —  (Classes  B  and  C) 

Accounts  shall  be  opened  as  indicated  below,  to  which  shall  be 
charged  the  cost  of  all  land  used  and  useful  in  the  operation  of 
the  electric  utility  whose  term  of  enjoyment  is  over  one  year  from 
the  grant  thereof.  The  cost  of  land  shall  include  the  purchase  price, 
the  cost  of  registration  of  title,  cost  of  examination  of  title,  sur- 
veyors' and  notaries'  fees,  purchasing  agents'  commissions,  the  fees 
and  taxes  accrued  to  date  from  transfer  of  title,  and  all  liens  upon 
title  acquired ;  also  the  cost  of  obtaining  consents,  and  payments 
for  abutting  property  damages  and  the  cost  of  preparing  the  land  for 
the  utility's  purposes. 

The  cost  of  any  buildings,  fixtures  and  improvements  made  to 
the  land  purchased,  must  not  be  charged  to  these  accounts.  If,  at 
the  time  of  acquisition  of  any  interest  in  land,  it  extends  to  build- 
ings or  other  improvements  thereon,  which  improvements  are  de- 
voted by  the  electric  utility  to  its  electric  service,  and  the  contract 
of  acquisition  does  not  determine  the  price  of  such  buildings  or 
improvements,  they  shall  be  appraised  at  their  fair  cash  value  for 
use  in  such  operations,  and  such  appraised  value  shall  be  charged 
to  the  proper  "Structures"  account  and  excluded  from  the  "Land" 
account.  If  such  improvements  are  not  devoted  to  electric  opera- 
tions, but  are  devoted  to  other  operations,  the  cost  (or  appraised 
value  if  the  cost  is  not  determined  by  the  contract)  shall  be  charged 
to  an  appropriate  sub-account  under  No.  59  —  "Property  Used  in 
Other  Than  Electric  Operations". 

The   following  accounts   will  be  raised   for  Class   A : 

521  Riparian  Land — '(Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  land  bordering  on  streams 
or  lakes  purchased  for  flooding  or  for  the  right  to  use,  divert  or 
store  water  in  connection  with  hydraulic  power  plants ;  include 
also  the  cost  of  rights  of  way  for  canals,  flumes  or  pipe  lines  for 
conveying  water  to  hydraulic  power  plants  for  power  purposes. 

The  cost  of  land  necessary  for  forebays  and  pondage  imme- 
diately connected  with  hydraulic  power  plant  should  be  charged 
to  the  following  account : 

522  Power   Plant  Land— (Class   A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  lands  as  above  de- 
fined, occupied  by  the  power  plant,  together  with  all  lands  used 
and  useful  in  connection  with  the  hydraulic  power  works,  steam 
plant  and  power  gas  plant  and  all  appurtenances  thereto,  except 
such  items  as  are  specified  in  the  preceding  account. 
528  Transmission    System  Land — ^  (Class  A) 

'  Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  land  as  above  defined, 

used  and   useful   in  connection  with  the  transmission  or  distribu- 
tion systems. 

524  Sub-Station  Land — (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  land  as  above  defined, 
occupied  by  sub-stations,  transformer  stations  and  switching 
stations. 

525  Storage  Battery  Land — (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  land  as  hereinbefore 
defined,   occupied  by   the   electric   storage   batteries. 


1^ 

526  General  Office  Land — (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  land  as  herein- 
before defined  occupied  by  the  general  office  buildings  of  the 
electric  utility. 

527  Other  Land — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  land  as  above  defined  not 
included  in  the  preceding  accounts,  which  is  further  sub-divided 
as  follows : 

527a  Shop  and  Laboratory  Land. 

527b  Warehouse   Land. 

527c  Stable  and  Garage  Land. 

527d  Other  Miscellaneous  Lands. 

53  ^  Structures  Used  in  Electric  Operations —  (Classes  B  and  C) 

Accounts  shall  be  opened  as  indicated  below,  to  which  shall  be 
charged  the  cost  of  all  buildings,  structures  and  improvements  on 
the  land  used  or  useful  in  the  generation  of  electric  energy  and  all 
steps  incidental  to  such  generation,  distribution  and  sale.  Such 
buildings,  structures  and  fixtures  include  hydraulic  structures,  pro- 
ducer gas  buildings  and  structures,  steam  structures,  power  plant 
buildings,  general  office  buildings,  coal  and  other  fuel  sheds,  and  other 
•  storage    buildings    and    structures,    barns,    stables,    garages,    and    all 

fixtures  attached  to  such  buildings  and  made  a  permanent  part 
thereof,  such  as  brick  and  concrete  smoke  stacks  together  with 
fences,  walks,  trestles,  drives,  grading  and  improvement  of  grounds. 
Machinery  foundations  and  settings,  if  designed  as  a  part  of  the 
permanent  construction  of  the  building,  and  independent  of  their 
use  in  connection  with  any  particular  unit  of  equipment,  shall  be 
charged  to  the  appropriate  "Structures"  account.  If,  however,  such 
foundations  and  settings  are  prepared  especially  for  certain  units 
of  equipment  and  designed  to  last  no  longer  than  such  unit,  their 
cost  will  be  charged  to  the  proper  "Equipment"  account.  The  fol- 
lowing accounts  will  be  raised  for  Class  A. 

5531  Boiler  Plant  Structures  —  (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  buildings  and  structures 
devoted  to  the  generation  of  steam,  all  permanent  foundations  and 
settings  for  machinery  and  apparatus,  and  appurtenant  walks, 
fences,  drives  and  tramways  and  all  fixtures  permanently  attached 
to  such  structures  and  made  a  part  thereof. 

Note:  Where,  because  of  the  character  of  the  construction  it  is 
impossible  to  separate  the  buildings  as  between  this  and  the 
following  account,  these  two  accounts  may  be  combined  into 
one  account  "Boiler  and  Power  Plant  Structures". 

5532  Steam   Power   Plant  Structures— (Class   A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  buildings  and  other 
structures  devoted  to  the  generation  of  electric  energy  by  steam 
power.  Such  structures  include  steam  power  plant  buildings  and 
structures  and  all  buildings  incidental  thereto,  and  permanent  ma- 
chinery and  apparatus  foundations,  appurtenant  walks,  fences, 
drives,  tramways,  trestles  and  all  fixtures  permanently  attached 
thereto  and  made  a  part  thereof.  Buildings  devoted  to  the  gen- 
eration of  steam  and  for  storage  purposes  will  not  be  charged 
to  this  account. 


77 

G531  Gas  Producer  Plant  Structures  —  (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  buildings  and  other 
structures  devoted  to  the  production  of  gas  for  power  purposes, 
including  permanent  foundations  and  settings  for  producer  ma- 
chinery and  apparatus,  and  appurtenant  walks,  fences,  drives,  etc., 
and  fixtures  permanently  attached  to  such  structures  and  made  a 
part  thereof. 
G532  Gas  Power  Plant  Structures—  (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  buildings  and  structures 
devoted  to  the  generation  of  electric  energy  by  gas  power,  in- 
cluding buildings  and  structures  incidental  thereto,  the  permanent 
foundations  for  machinery  and  apparatus,  appurtenant  walks, 
drives,  fences,  tramways,  trestles  and  all  fixtures  permanently 
attached  thereto  and  made  a  part  thereof.  The  cost  of  fuel  storage 
buildings  and  gas  producer  buildings  and  structures  will  not  be 
charged  to  this  account. 
W532         Water  Power  Plant  Structures— (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  buildings  devoted  to 
the  generation  of  electric  energy  by  hydraulic  power,  including 
hydraulic  buildings  and  structures,  generation  station  buildings  and 
structures  and  all  buildings  and  structures  incidental  thereto,  to- 
gether with  permanent  foundations  for  machinery  and  apparatus, 
appurtenant  walks,  fences,  drives,  tramways,  trestles  and  all  fix- 
tures attached  permanently  thereto  and  made  a  part  thereof. 
533  Transmission  and  Sub-Station  Structures — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  buildings  and  other 
structures  devoted  to  the  sub-station,  transformer  and  switching 
station  uses,  including  permanent  foundations  and  settings  for 
machinery  and  apparatus,  appurtenant  walks,  fences,  drives,  and 
all  fixtures  permanently  attached  to  such  structures  and  made 
a  part  thereof. 
)34  -  Storage  Battery   Structures — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  buildings  and  other 
structures  devoted  to  storage  battery  purposes,  including  per- 
manent foundations  and  settings,  appurtenant  walks,  fences, 
drives,  etc.,  and  all  fixtures  permanently  attached  to  such  struct- 
ures and  made  a  part  thereof. 
•ViO  General   Office   Structures — (Class    A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  buildings  and  other 
structures  devoted  to  general  office  purposes  of  the  electric  utility 
and  not  includible  in  any  of  the  preceding  departmental  building 
accounts,  also  all  fixtures  permanently  attached  thereto  and  made 
a  part  thereof,  such  as  heating  and  plumbing  systems,  electric  wir- 
ing, permanent  building  vaults,  together  with  appurtenant  walks, 
fences,  drives,  etc. 
'C  Other  Structures — (Class  A) 

Charge  to   this   account   the    cost   of   all   buildings    and   other 
structures  as  above  defined  and  not  included  in  any  of  the  fore- 
going accounts.     Appropriate  subdivision  of  this  account  is  as  fol- 
lows: 
3fia  Shops  and  Laboratories 

••>36b  Warehouses 

ri36c  Stables  and   Garages 

unCJ  Other   Miscellaneous    Structures 


78 


EQUIPMENT   USED    IN    ELECTRIC   OPERATIONS 

Accounts  shall  be  opened  as  indicated  below,  to  which  shall  be 
charged  the  cost  of  all  equipment  and  apparatus  used  in  the  gen- 
eration of  electric  energy,  and  all  the  steps  incidental  to  such 
generation,  distribution  and  sale.  It  is  designed  that  the  cost  of 
all  apparatus  and  equipment  shall  be  so  charged  and  classified  that 
the  cost  of  all  apparatus  used  in  connection  with  the  generation  of 
electric  energy  by  any  particular  motive  power  shall  be  shown  in 
the  account  covering  such  power  plant  equipment.  The  following 
accounts  will  be  raised : 
54  Power  Plant  Equipment —  (Classes   B   and  C) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  property  defined  in  the  following  ac- 
counts : 

5541  Boiler    Plant    Equipment — (Class    A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  equipment  devoted  to  the 
generation  of  steam.  This  includes  the  cost  of  furnaces,  boilers, 
their  foundations  and  settings,  boiler  fittings,  iron  and  steel  smoke- 
stacks, feed  pumps,  water  feed  piping,  injectors,  economizers,  water 
heaters,  superheaters,  valves,  flues,  steam  piping  from  the  boilers 
to  the  engine,  throttle  valves,  steam  exhaust  system,  boiler  water 
purification  equipment,  mechanical  stokers,  cranes,  coal  and  ash 
conveyors,  steam  traps,  crushers,  belt  links,  wheels,  chutes  and 
gates,  conveyor  cars,  winches,  motors,  brackets,  shafts,  chains,  and 
similar  auxiliary  equipment  in  the  boiler  plant. 

The  cost  of  steam  piping  whose  primary  purpose  is  the  heating 
of  the  building  should  not  be  included  in  this  account. 

5542  Prime  Movers— (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  steam  engines  devoted 
to  the  production  of  electric  energy.  This  includes  the  specially 
provided  foundations  and  installation  of  such  engines.  The  en- 
gines, whether  reciprocating  or  rotary,  (such  as  steam  turbines) 
shall  be  considered  to  include  the  throttle  or  inlet  valve  and  the 
governor,  also  condenser,  air  and  circulating  pumps,  lubricating 
Systems,  etc.,  but  not  the  steam  pipe  leading  from  the  boiler  nor 
the  exhaust  pipe.  Where  the  electric  rotor  is  mounted  on  the 
engine  shaft,  the  shaft  shall  be  considered  as  a  part  of  the  steam 
engine  and  the  electric  rotor  thereon  shall  be  considered  a  part  of 
the  electric  equipment.  If,  however,  the  cost  of  the  electric  rotor 
cannot  be  separately  determined,  then  the  cost  of  the  combined 
equipment  should  be  charged  to  this  account. 

5543  Electrical   Plant   Equipment    (Steam)  —  (Class   A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  electric  generating  ap- 
paratus operated  by  steam,  including  especially  provided  founda- 
tions and  installation  of  such  apparatus ;  also  the  cost  of  accessory 
equipment,  including  conductors,  switchboards,  instruments,  and 
apparatus    connected    therewith. 

5544  Miscellaneous   Power   Plant  Equipment    (Steam)  —  (Class   A) 

This  account  includes  the  cost  of  all  miscellaneous  equipment 
at  steam  power  plants  not  included  in  any  of  the  foregoing  ac- 
counts. This  includes  such  mechanical  apparatus  as  belts,  pulleys, 
hangers,  countershafts,  and  other  apparatus  intermediary  between 
the  prime  movers  and  the  electric  generators,  cranes,  hoists,  ma- 
chine tools  and  such  other  tools  at  power  plants  as  may  properly  be 
capitalized. 


19 


G541  Gas    Producer   Equipment — (Class   A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  equipment  devoted  to  the 
production  of  power  gas  for  the  purpose  of  generating  electric 
energy,  including  the  foundations  and  settings  of  such  producers 
and  their  accessories,  embracing  gas  producers,  economizers,  re- 
generators, vaporizers,  steam  injectors,  scrubbers,  exhauster  out- 
fits, seals,  appurtenant  boilers  and  pumps,  flues  and  piping,  blower 
engines,  gas  piping  from  producers  to  gas  prime  movers  and  to 
holders,  producer  gas  holders,  exhaust  piping,  etc. 

G542  Gas  Engines — (Class  A) 

Cliarge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  gas  engines  devoted  to 
'  the  production  of  electric  energy,  including  the  specially  provided 

foundations  and  installations  of  such  engines.  The  engine  includes 
the  inlet  valve,  governor,  and  ignition  and  starting  apparatus  but 
not  the  pipe  leading  from  the  gas  holder,  nor  the  exhaust  pipe. 
Where  the  electric  rotor  is  mounted  on  the  engine  shaft,  the  shaft 
shall  be  considered  a  part  of  the  engine  and  the  electric  rotor 
thereon  shall  be  considered  a  part  of  the  equipment.  If,  how- 
ever, the  cost  of  the  electric  rotor  cannot  be  separately  determined, 
tlien  the  total  cost  of  the  combined  equipment  should  be  charged 
to  this  account. 

G543  Electrical    Plant    Equipment    (Gas)  —  (Class    A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  electric  generating  ap- 
paratus operated  by  gas  power,  including  especially  provided 
foundations  and  installations  of  such  apparatus ;  also  the  cost  of 
the  accessory  equipment,  including  conductors,  switchboards,  in- 
struments and  apparatus  connected  therewith. 

G544  Miscellaneous  Power   Plant  Equipment  (Gas)  —  (Class  A) 

This  account  includes  the  cost  of  all  miscellaneous  equipment 
at  power  plants  operated  by  gas,  not  included  in  any  of  the  fore- 
going accounts.  This  includes  such  mechanical  apparatus  as  belts, 
pulleys,  hangers,  countershafts,  and  other  apparatus  intermediary 
between  the  prime  movers  and  the  electric  generators,  cranes, 
hoists,  machine  tools  and  such  other  tools  at  power  plants  as  may 
be  properly   capitalized. 

W541         Dams,  Canals,  and  Pipe  Lines— (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  dams,  canals,  aqueducts 
and  pipe  lines ;  also  that  of  all  wasteways  from  the  outlet  of  the 
draft  tube  to  the  point  of  final  discharge.  Include  also  the  cost 
of  all  viaducts,  bridges,  and  the  like,  over  and  accessory  to  or 
necessitated  by  such  canals,  aqueducts  and  pipe  lines.  Land  used 
and  useful  in  connection  with  the  hydraulic  plant  will  not  be 
charged  to  this  account,  but  to  the  account  "Riparian  Lands"  and 
"Power  Plant  Land",  as  provided  thereunder.  The  following  are 
proper  subdivisions  of  this  account : 

(a )     Dams 

(b  )     Water   Conduits 

(c )  Forebays 

(d)  Penstocks 

W542         Turbines   and   Water   Wheels— (Class   A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  turbines  and  water 
wheels  devoted  to  the  conversion  of  water  power  into  mechanical 
power   for  the  production  of  electric  energy.     This   includes  the 


8o 

specially  provided  foundations  and  installation  of  such  engines, 
also  their  governors  and  all  other  appurtenant  apparatus  attached 
thereto  from  and  inclusive  of  the  head  gates  and  governors  to  (but 
exclusive  of)  the  w^asteways.  Where  the  electric  rotor  is  mounted 
on  (not  merely  coupled  to)  the  shaft  of  the  hydraulic  engine,  the 
shaft  shall  be  considered  a  part  of  the  hydraulic  engine  and  the 
electric  rotor  thereon  shall  be  considered  a  part  of  the  electric 
equipment.  If,  however,  the  cost  of  the  electric  rotor  cannot  be 
separately  determined,  then  the  cost  of  the  combined  equipment 
should  be  charged  to  this  account. 

VV543  Electrical   Plant   Equipment    (Water)  —  (Class   A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  electric  generating  ap- 
paratus operated  by  water  power,  including  the  specially  provided 
foundations  and  installation  of  such  apparatus;  also  the  cost  of  the 
accessory  equipment,  including  conductors,  switchboards,  instru- 
ments, and  apparatus   connected  therewith. 

VV544  Miscellaneous  Power  Plant  Equipment   (Water)  —  (Class  A) 

This  account  includes  the  cost  of  all  miscellaneous  equipment 
at  power  plants  driven  by  water  power,  not  included  in  any  of  the 
foregoing  accounts.  This  includes  such  mechanical  apparatus  as 
belts,  pulleys,  hangers,  countershafts,  and  other  apparatus  in- 
termediary between  the  prime  movers  and  the  electric  generators, 
such  as  cranes,  hoists,  machine  tools  and  such  other  tools  at 
power  plant  as  may  properly  be  capitalized. 
55  Transmission,    Storage   and   Distribution    Equipment —  (Class    C) 

Charge   to   this    account    the   property   defined    in   the    following 
accounts : 

551  Underground  Conduits — (Classes   A  and  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  conduits  required  for  un- 
derground wires  and  cables,  including  manholes,  ducts  and  pipes, 
sewer  connections,  sewer  traps  and  all  material  necessary  for  the 
completion  of  the  underground  conduit  system  devoted  to  the  pro- 
tection of  the  transmission  and  distribution  systems. 

552  Poles  and  Fixtures — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  towers,  structures,  poles, 
cross  arms  and  insulator  pins,  braces,  brackets  and  all  other  pole 
fixtures,  guys  and  other  supports  for  holding  the  towers,  structures, 
and  poles  in  position,  and  all  labor  expended  in  connection  with 
the  construction  of  pole  lines  or  structures  for  carrying  the  trans- 
mission   and    distribution    systems. 

Note:  Where  the  plan  of  ovcrJiead  line  construction  followed 
by  utilities  is  such  that  it  is  impracticable  to  separate  the  cost  of 
erection  of  poles  and  fixtures  from  erection  of  other  overhead  line 
materials,  Utilities  zvill  at  their  option  be  permitted  to  consolidate 
this  account  with  accounts  553-A.  "Transmission  System  Overhead 
Conductors"  or  Account  556-A  "Distribution  System  Overhead 
Conductors" , 

553  Transmission   System  Equipment —  (Class   B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  property  defined  in  the  following 
accounts : 

o53a  Transmission   System    Overhead    Conductors — (Class    A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  the  overhead  transmis- 
sion  system,   including  cables,   wires,    insulators,   and   insulating 


§1 

material,  main  conductors  and  feeders,  etc.,  constituting  the 
overhead  transmission  system  between  the  point  of  electric  gen- 
eration or  purchase  to  the  point  where  it  is  lowered  in  voltage  or 
changed  as  to  kind  or  frequency  for  the  purpose  of  commercial 

distribution.     (See  Note  under  Acct.  No.  552.) 

o53b  Transmission    System   Underground    Conductors — (Class    A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  underground  transmission 
system  equipment,  including  all  cables  and  wires  outside  the 
stations  and  substations,  constituting  the  underground  trans- 
mission system  between  the  point  of  generation  or  purchase  and 
the  point  where  it  is  lowered  in  voltage  or  changed  as  to  kind 
or  frequency  for  the  purpose  of  commercial  distribution. 

554  Sub-Station  Equipment—  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  equipment  of  sub- 
stations. Such  equipment  includes  not  only  electric  machinery 
and  apparatus,  but  all  furniture  and  equipment,  such  as  furnaces, 
boilers,  stoves,  elevators,  etc.,  permanently  assigned  to  such  stations, 
but  not  affixed  to  the  structure  thereof.  It  does  not  include  storage 
batteries,  laboratory  instruments  and  apparatus  not  permanently 
assigned  thereto,  nor  does  it  include  tools  only  temporarily  as- 
signed to  such  stations. 

555  Storage   Battery    Equipment  —  (Classes   A   and    B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  the  battery  elements  and 
all  accessory  apparatus  connected  therewith,  including  tanks,  bat- 
tery room  flooring,  specially  constructed  rigging  apparatus,  boost- 
ers, compensators  and  the  like.  Where  separate  buildings  and 
structures  have  been  provided  for  storage  batteries,  there  will  be 
charged  to  this  account  not  only  the  cost  of  the  electrical  equip- 
ment, but  also  such  other  equipment  as  is  a  necessary  and  inci- 
dental part  of  the  operation  of  such  battery  and  includible  in  fixed 
property  accounts. 

556  Distribution    System    Equipment — (Class    B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  property  defined  in  the  following 
accounts : 
556a  Distribution    System    Overhead    Conductors — (Class    A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  overhead  distributioa  sys- 
tem equipment,  including  all  cables,  wires,  insulators,  and  in- 
sulating material,  constituting  the  overhead  distribution  system 
mains  and  feeders  in  place  on  the  pole  line  between  the  central 
station,  sub-station  or  transformer  station  and  the  electric 
service.  (See  Note  under  Acct.  No.  562) 
556b  Distribution    System    Underground    Conductors — (Class    A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  underground  distribution 
system  equipment  including  all  cables  and  their  accessories, 
junction  boxes  and  other  equipment  constituting  the  underground 
distribution  system  between  the  central  station,  sub-station  or 
transformer  station  switchboard  and  the  electric  service. 

557  Electric  Services-^  (Class   B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  conductors,  ducts,  main 
cut-out  switches  and  the  like,  connecting  the  distribution  mains 
with  the  electric  apparatus  and  appliances  in  possession  of  the 
consumers. 

6    p.  u. 


82 

For  Class  A  utilities,  this  account  is  sub-divided  into  the  fol- 
lowing accounts : 
557a  Overhead  Electric   Services 

557b  Underground    Electric    Services 

558  Transformers — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  when  purcjiased  of  all  over- 
head and  underground  Distribution  System  transformers  and 
devices,  including  those  placed  on  the  premises  of  the  consumer 
and  upon  the  poles  or  other  supports  adjacent  thereto.  The  cost 
of  the  original  test  preceding  the  first  installation  (if  it  be  the 
practice  of  the  utility  to  make  such  a  test),  and  the  cost  of  the 
original  setting  of  each  transformer  shall  also  be  charged  to  this 
account. 

Transformers  and  transformer  devices  operated  in  connection 
with  the  Transmission  System  will  not  be  charged  here,  but  to  the 
account  No.  554,  Sub-Station  Equipment. 

559  Meters—  (Class   B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost,  when  purchased,  of  all  meters 
and  indicators  for  determining  the  amount  of  electric  energy  de- 
livered to  consumers.  The  cost  of  the  original  test  preceeding  the 
first  installation,  (if  it  be  the  practice  of  the  utility  to,  make  such 
test),  and  the  cost  of  the  original  setting  of  each  meter  shall  also 
be  charged  to  this  account. 

Subsequent  removing  and  resetting  of  meters  shall  be  charged 
to  "Expenses". 

For  Class  A  utilities,  this  account  is  sub-divided  into  the  fol- 
lowing accounts: 

559a  Meters 

559b  Installations 

56  Other  Equipment —  (Class  C) 

This  account  includes  all  the  property  provided   for  under  the 
following  heads : 

561  Utilization    Equipment — (Class    B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  property  defined  in  the  following 
accounts : 
561a  Commercial   Lighting  Equipment —  (Class   A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  arc  lamps,  incandescent 
lamps,  and  all  lamp  fixtures  and  equipment  devoted  to  com- 
mercial lighting,  including  labor  and  expense  incurred  in  their  in- 
stallation. 

561b  Consumers'  Installations — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  material  and  cost  of 
first  installation  of  equipment  on  consumers'  premises  for  pur- 
poses of  supplying  energy  of  certain  voltage,  kind  or  character. 
Such  installation  will  include  motor  sets  for  theatre  lighting, 
amusement  parks,  also  motors,  fans,  electric  signs,  etc. 
561c  Municipal   Lighting   Equipment —  (Class    A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  lighting  equipment 
operated  and  maintained  under  the  contract  for  public  lighting 
entered  into  with  the  municipality,  embracing  public  arc  lamps, 
and  incandescent  lamps  provided  for  in  the  contract,  and  all 
circuits  and  poles,  cross  arms,  pins,  braces,  insulators,  arc  sup- 


83 

ports  and  accessory  equipment  required  tinder  the  terms  of  such 
contract,  and  including  any  equipment  in  stations  used  exclusively 
in  connection  with  municipal  lighting. 

562  General   Office   Equipment  —  (Classes  A  and   B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  equipment  of  the  gen- 
eral office  of  the  electric  utility,  embracing  such  items  as  office 
furniture  and  fixtures,  movable  safes,  filing  cases  and  devices, 
typewriters,  adding  machines,  addressographs  and  central  office 
equipment  having  an  expectancy  of  life  in  service  exceeding  one 
year. 

563  Other  Equipment —  (Class  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  property  defined  in  the  following 
accounts : 
563a  Stores  Department  Equipment — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  equipment  in  store- 
rooms, such  as  counters,  shelving,  carts,  barrels,  trucks  and 
other  apparatus  and  appliances  used  in  the  handling  of  materials 
and  supplies.  Include  also  loading  and  unloading  machinery, 
derricks,  cranes,  hoists,  conveying  apparatus  and  equipment,  etc. 
563b  Shop    and    Laboratory    Equipment —  (Class    A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  equipment  specially  pro- 
vided for  shops  and  laboratories,  including  machine  tools,  cranes, 
hoists,    shafting,   belts,   smithing    equipment   and   all   testing   ap- 
paratus and  laboratory  equipment  not  elsewhere  provided  for. 
563c  Stable  and  Garage  Equipment — (Class   A) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  equipment  of  general 
stables,  including  horses,  harnesses,  drays,  wagons,  automobiles, 
motor  cycles,  and  other  vehicles. 
563d  Other  Miscellaneous  Equipment — (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  equipment  not  includible  in  any 

of  the  preceding  property   accounts,   such   as   street  department 

work  tools  and  instruments  and  other  miscellaneous  equipment. 

Small  hand  tools,  because  of  their  liability  of  loss  and  their 

rapid  consumption,  should  not  be  charged  to  this  account,  but 

to  the  appropriate  expense  or  construction  accounts  where  they 

have  been  used. 

57  Miscellaneous     Construction     and     Equipment     Expenditures  — 

(Class  C) 

This  account  includes  all  the  expenditures  provided  for  under 
the  following  heads,  all  of  which  expenditures  shall  have  been  made 
during  construction  and  before  the  operation  of  the  electric  utility. 
The  character  of  these  charges  is  indicated  by  the  titles  of  the 
several  accounts. 

571  Engineering    and    Superintendence    During    Construction — (Classes 

A  and  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  expenditures  for  services  of  en- 
gineers, draftsmen  and  superintendents  employed  on  preliminary 
and  constructive  work,  and  all  expenses  incident  to  the  work,  when 
such  disbursements  cannot  be  assigned  to  specific  construction. 

572  Law  Expenditures  During  Construction —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  law  expenditures  incurred  during 

the  period  of  construction  of  the  electric  plant.     Charge  with  the 

T'^  salaries  and  expenses  of  counsel,  solicitors  and  general  attorneys. 


84 

their  clerks  and  attendants,  etc.  Charge  also  with  the  cost  of  law 
books,  printing  briefs,  legal  forms,  testimony,  reports,  fees  and 
retainers  of  the  general  counsel  and  attorneys'  court  costs  and 
payments  of  specific  notarial  and  witness  fees,  expense  of  taking 
depositions,  and  general  law  and  court  expenses  during  construc- 
tion, expenses  of  arbitrators  of  disputed  points,  etc. 

573  Injuries  and  Damages  During  Construction —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  damages  to  or  destruction  of 
property  other  than  that  owned  by  the  utility,  caused  directly  in 
connection  with  the  construction  of  the  electric  plant,  and  all  ex- 
penses incident  to  injuries  or  death  of  employees  and  other  per- 
sons, for  which  injuries  or  death  the  utility  is  held  liable  or  in  the 
settlement  of  which  claims  allowances  are  made.  This  includes 
such  items  of  expense  as  judgments  for  damages  and  plaintiflfs' 
court  costs,  proportion  of  salaries  and  expenses  or  fees  of  phys- 
icians and  surgeons,  expenses  of  undertakers,  nurses  and  hospital 
expenses,  medical  and  surgical  supplies,  contributions  to  hospitals 
during  the  period  of  construction  of  the  plant,  transportation  of 
injured  persons  and  wages  and  salaries  paid  to  employees  while 
disabled.  The  salaries  and  expenses  of  the  utility's  claim  agents 
and  adjusters  and  their  assistants,  while  engaged  upon  settling 
such  claims  arising  during  construction,  will  be  charged  to  this 
account.  The  compensation  of  the  general  solicitors  or  counsel  of 
the  utility  while  engaged  in  the  defense  and  settlement  of  damage 
suits  will  also  be  charged  to  this  account. 

574  Taxes  During  Construction- — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  taxes  and  assessments  levied  and 
paid  on  property  belonging  to  the  electric  utility  while  under  con- 
struction and  before  the  plant  has  begun  operation.  Special  as- 
sessments for  street  and  other  improvements,  such  as  grading, 
curbing,  paving,  sidewalks,  sewer,  etc.,  shall  not  be  charged  to  this 
account,  but  to  the  account  to  which  the  property  benefited  has  been 
charged. 

575  Interest  During  Construction — (Classes   A   and   B) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  interest  accrued  upon  all  money 
and  claims  payable  upon  demand  acquired  for  use  in  connection 
with  the  construction  and  equipment  of  the  electric  property  from 
the  time  of  such  acquisition  until  the  works  are  ready  for  com- 
mercial use. 

Interest  receivable  accrued  upon  such  moneys  and  claims  shall 
be  credited  to  this  account. 

To  this  account  may  also  be  charged  the  accrued  amortization 
of  disccunt  on  debt  which  is  applicable  to  the  construction  period. 

576  Miscellaneous    Expenditures    During    Construction — (Class    B) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  expenditures  incurred  during  con- 
struction and  included  in  the  foUow-ing  accounts  for  Class  A. 
576a  Salaries — (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  salaries  of  all  general  officers 
and  general  office  assistants  during  the  period  of  construction  of 
the  electric  utility  plant  and  up  to  the  time  of  the  generation  and 
sale  of  electric  energy. 
576b  Office  Supplies  and  Expenses — (Class   A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  office  supplies  and 
expenses    incurred    during    the    process    of    construction    of   the 


85 

plant  up  to  the  time  of  generation  and  sale  of  electric  energy, 
such    as    messenger    and   janitor    service,    rent    of    premises    oc- 
cupied   during    construction,    water,    light,    heat,    telegrams,    ex- 
change on  remittance,  etc. 
576c  Stationery   and    Printing —  (Class    A) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  cost  of  all  stationery,  printing, 
postage,  blanks,  record  books,  etc.,  used  during  the  construction 
of  the  plant  and  up  to  the  time  of  generation  and  sale  of  electric 
energy. 

o76d  Insurance —  (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  premiums  paid  to  insurance  com- 
-    panics  for  fire,  casualty,  boiler,  fidelity  and  other  insurance  cov- 
ering risks  during  construction  of  the  electric  power  plant  and 
its  equipment. 

576e  Other  Expenditures — (Class   A) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  expenditures  incurred  during 
construction  not  includible  in  any  of  the  preceding  accounts 
under   this   heading. 

58  Unfinished     Plant     Investment —  (Construction     in     Progress)  — 

(Classes  A,  B  and  C) 

Charge  to  this  account  only  the  amounts  expended  for  plant 
and  equipment  in  process  of  construction  under  estimate  or  work 
orders,  but  not  yet  ready  for  service,  including  such  proportion  of 
plant  supervision  expenses,  engineering  expenses,  tool  expenses, 
supply  expenses,  and  general  expenses  as  are  properly  chargeable  to 
such  construction  work.  As  soon  as  such  work  is  completed,  the 
cost  of  same  must  be  credited  to  this  account  and  charged  to  the 
appropriate   Plant  Investment  Account. 

A  complete  analysis  of  the  details  •  of  this  account  shall  be 
available. 

59  Property  Used  in  Other  Than  Electric  Operations —  (All  Classes) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost  of  all  property  of  the  corpora- 
tion, both  tangible  and  intangible,  devoted  to  its  operations  other 
than  electric,  not  including  "Investments"  as  defined  in  that  ac- 
count. Appropriate  sub-accounts  shall  be  opened  under  this  num- 
ber for  such  operations  as  steam  or  hot  water  heating,  gas,  street 
railroad    operation,   etc.,   etc. 

6  — INVESTMENTS  AND  FUNDS 

61  Investments — (All   Classes) 

By  investments  as  here  used  is  meant  the  cost  of  all  properties 
acquired  or  held,  not  for  use  in  present  operations,  but  as  a  means 
of  obtaining  and  exercising  control  over  other  corporations,  or  for 
income  to  be  derived  from  them,  or  for  a  rise  in  value,  or  for  de- 
votion to  future  operations,  and  for  securing  other  -business  ad- 
vantages that  may  seem  possible  through  their  acquisition  and  pos- 
session. This  will  include  the  cost  of  all  stocks  and  bonds  and  other 
evidences  of  indebtedness  issued  by  other  companies  and  all  ad- 
vances to  proprietary,  affiliated,  controlled  and  controlling  corpora- 
tions for  Plant  Investment  purposes  when  such  advances  are  of  a 
permanent  nature  (that  is,  where  there  is  not  an  understanding  that 


86 

the  advances  are  to  be  repaid  within  a  year),  or  when  it  is  intended 
that  reimbursement  shall  be  made  by  the  issue  of  securities  of  such 
corporation,  and  also  all  other  investments  of  a  permanent  nature 
in  property  and  not  held  for  the  operation  of  the  Company's  plant 
as  an  electric  utility. 

Temporary  advances,  like  the  above,  on  open  account  for  pur- 
poses other  than  construction  shall  be  included  in  "Accounts  Re- 
ceivable" and  stocks  and  bonds  or  other  property  in  which  the 
moneys  of  reserves  have  been  invested  will  not  be  shown  in  this 
account,  but  as  investments  of  the  respective  funds. 

In  the  annual  report  to  the  Public  Utilities  Commission,  these 
investments  will  be  required  to  be  classified  as  to  their  character 
and  with  sufficient  detail  as  to  permit  of  their  clear  identification, 
showing  the  par  value  of  all  such  stocks  or  bonds  or  other  invest- 
ments with  the  rate  of  return  thereon,  the  amount  of  income  received 
therefrom  and  the  book  value. 

All  other  investments  of  a  permanent  nature  in  property  not 
held  for  the  operation  of  the  Company's  plant  as  an  electric  utility 
shall  be  charged  to  Account  No.  59  —  "Property  Used  in  Other  than 
Electric  Operations",  maintaining  separate  accounts  for  each  sub- 
utility. 

62  Reacquired    Securities — (All    Classes) 

The  capital  stock  and  funded  debt  accounts  in  the  balance  sheet 
are  intended  to  include  only  the  par  value  of  such  capital  stock  or 
bonds  as  have  been  actually  issued  to  bona  fide  holders  for  value  and 
are  outstanding  at  the  date  of  the  balance  sheet;  also  par  value  of 
such  securities  as  have  been  issued  by  other  companies  and  have 
been  assumed  by  the  accounting  company,  and  are  outstanding. 

When  capital  stock  or  funded  debt  securities  have  been  actually 
issued  by  the  Company  to  bona  fide  holders  for  value  or  (after  such 
issue  by  another  company)  have  been  assumed  by  the  accounting 
company  and  after  such  issue  or  assumption  have  been  reacquired  by 
the  company  under  circumstances  which  require  that  they  shall  not 
be  treated  as  paid  or  retired,  they  may  be  charged  at  par  value  to  the 
appropriate  asset  account,  but  on  the  balance  sheet  they  should  be 
shown  net,  in  order  that  the  assets  shall  include  only  securities  of 
other  companies  and  that  the  capital  stock  and  funded  debt  accounts 
for  securities  issued  or  assumed  shall  include  only  those  in  the 
hands  of  the  public.  If  any  such  securities  are  reacquired  for  more 
or  less  than  their  par  value,  the  difference  between  the  par  value  and 
the  cost  of  reacquirement,  after  adjusting  any  amounts  carried  in  the 
discount  and  premium  accounts  or  other  accounts  with  respect  to 
such  securities,  should  be  debited  or  credited  to  Account  No.  95  — 
"Surplus  Account",  unless  reacquired  for  a  sinking  or  other  fund 
which  is  required  to  be  represented  by  a  reserve,  in  which  case  the 
difference  should  be  debited  or  credited  to  the  appropriate  reserve 
account. 

63  Deferred  Upkeep  Fund — (All   Classes) 

For  definition  and  detailed  instructions  see  Page  99. 

64  Contractual   Sinking   Funds — (All    Classes) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  value  of  all  live  securities  and  of  all 
cash  in  the  hands  of  trustees  or  invested  by  the  utility,  or  set  aside 


87 

for  investment,  whenever  required  in  the  pursuance  of  the  pfd* 
vision-  of  mortgage  deeds,  deeds  of  trust,  or  other  contracts. 

Charge  also  to  this  account  all  income  derived  from  such  in- 
vestments, making  a  corresponding  credit  to  the  appropriate  com- 
plementary account  No.  944  —  "Sinking  Fund  Reserves". 

A  separate  sinking  fund  shall  be  maintained  for  each  contractual 
requirement. 

65  Other   Special   Funds — (All   Classes) 

Charge  to  this  account,  or  sub-accounts  thereunder,  any  ac- 
cumulation of  property  in  the  form  of  cash  or  investments  held  apart 
from  the  other  assets  of  the  business,  to  be  devoted  to  a  specific 
object  other  than  as  provided  for  in  the  preceding  accounts.  This 
includes  "Special  Deposits"  for  the  payment  of  bond  coupons,  div- 
idends and  other  similar  liabilities. 

7  — CURRENT  AND  NOMINAL  ASSETS 

71  Cash — (All  Classes) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  moneys  coming  into  the  possession 
of  the  electric  utility,  and  in  which  it  has  the  beneficial  interest. 
Also  charge  it  with  all  bank  credits,  checks  and  drafts  receivable  sub- 
ject to  satisfaction  or  transfer  upon  demand  (whether  payable  to 
bearer  or  to  order).  All  cash  disbursements  should  be  credited  to 
this  account. 

To  appropriate  sub-accounts  shall  also  be  charged  amounts  ad- 
vanced to  agents,  officers,  or  employees,  as  working  funds  from 
which  certain  expenditures  are  to  be  made  and  accounted  for  later. 

All  cash  advances  not  to  be  repaid  within  one  year,  or  to  be  later 
converted  into  capital  stock  or  bonds,  shall  be  charged  to  Account 
No.  61  —  Investments. 

721  Accounts   Receivable — (All   Classes) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  amounts  owing  to  the  electric  utility 
upon  accounts  with  solvent  concerns  other  than  banks,  also  all 
accounts  and  claims  upon  which  responsibility  is  acknowledged  by 
solvent  concerns  or  individuals,  or  which  are  sufficiently  secured 
to  be  considered  good,  and  of  all  judgments  against  solvent  con- 
cerns where  the  judgments  are  not  appealable  or  suspended 
through  appeal.  Negotiable  instruments  will  not  be  charged  to  this 
account. 

722  Nctes  Receivable —  (All  Classes) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  value  of  all  collectible  negotiable 
obligations  in  the  form  of  notes  receivable  or  other  similar  evi- 
dences of  money  receivable  on  demand,  or  within  a  time  not  ex- 
ceeding one  year.  This  does  not  include  interest  coupons.  Time 
loans  that  mature  more  than  one  year  after  date  of  issue  shall  be 
.  considered  as  investments  and  shall  not  be  included  in  this  ac- 
count. 

It  is  recommended  that  if  it  be  the  practice  of  the  utility  to 
discount  its  notes  receivable,  that  it  credit  Notes  Receivable  Dis- 
counted and  carry  them  in  that  account  until  maturity,  when  the 
latter  account  can  be  closed  into  Notes  Receivable,  and  thus  clear 
the  transaction. 


88 

72;^  Interest,  Dividends  and  Rents  Receivable —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

When  the  electric  utility  becomes  entitled  to  demand  any  in- 
terest, dividend  or  rent  from  solvent  concerns,  the  amount  to  which 
it  thus  becomes  entitled  shall  be  charrged  to  this  account  and  cred- 
ited to  the  appropriate  earning  account  under  "Miscellaneous 
Revenue"  —  Accounts  Nos.  412  to  4b5. 

This  account  or  some  sub-account  thereunder,  also  includes 
accrued  interest  on  accounts  with  solvent  concerns,  and  upon  judg- 
ments against  solvent  debtors  where  such  judgment  has  not  been 
suspended,  as  well  as  interest  accrued  upon  commercial  paper  of 
solvent  concerns  held  by  or  for  the  benefit  of  the  utility,  and  all 
rents  accrued  from  solvent  concerns. 

It  also  includes  all  dividends  accrued  but  not  yet  declared,  the 
right  to  which  is  in  the  utility,  when  such  dividends  are  guaranteed 
by  solvent  concerns. 

73  Materials  and  Supplies — (All  Classes) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  cost,  including  transportation  and 
other  incidental  expenditures  of  all  materials  and  supplies  pur- 
chased, regardless  of  whether  the  same  are  intended  to  be  con- 
sumed in  construction  or  in  operation,  or  later  to  be  sold. 

When  any  materials  or  supplies,  the  cost  of  which  is  charged  to 
this  account,  are  issued  for  use,  the  cost  of  the  same  shall  be  credited 
to  this  account  and  debited  to  the  proper  construction  or  expense 
account.  Inventories  of  materials  and  supplies  shall  be  taken 
periodically,  and  any  shortage  or  overages  disclosed  by  such  in- 
ventory shall  be  credited  or  debited  to  this  account,  and  debited  or 
credited  to  the  Account  No.  164  —  Inventory  Adjustments,  in  case 
they  cannot  be  assigned  to  specific  accounts. 

When  the  use  of  any  tangible  fixed  asset  is  discontinued  it  shall 
be  treated  as  retired ;  the  original  cost  of  such  asset  shall  be  credited 
to  the  fixed  asset  account  in  which  it  is  carried,  and  its  value,  if  any, 
as  second-hand  material  or  junk,  shall  be  charged  to  the  sub-account 
"Scrap"  and  credited  to  the  appropriate  "Deferred  Upkeep  Reserve." 
If  such  value  is  not  known  and  cannot  readily  be  determined,  it  shall 
be  estimated,  and  the  errors  in  such  estimates,-  when  determined, 
shall  be  adjusted  through  the  accounts  involved.  (See  detailed  in- 
structions on  page  99.) 

This  account  shall  be  subdivided  by  each  utility  into  such  classi- 
'  fications  as  is  found  to  be  advantageous  for  analytical  purposes. 

74  Other  Current  Assets —  (All  Classes) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  value  of  all  current  assets  of  the 
utility,  not  included  under  any  of  the  preceding  current  asset  ac- 
counts, including  advances  to  affiliated  companies ;  property  readily 
convertible  into  money,  and  which  is  being  held  with  the  intent  of 
being  so  converted  into  money,  will  be  considered  as  a  current  asset 
and  charged  to  this  account  when  it  cannot  be  charged  to  ■one  of  the 
preceding  accounts. 

75  Deferred  Charges —  (Qasses  C  and  D) 

Charge  to  this  account  the  prepaid  expenses  and  deferred 
charges  defined  in  the  following  accounts : 

751  Prepaid  Insurance —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge   to    this    account    all    premiums    on    insurance    policies 
when  paid  in  advance  to  their  accrual,  regardless  of  whether  the 


89 

amounts  so  prepaid  are  paid  in  cash  or  by  an  issue  of  notes,  or 
other  negotiable  paper.  As  premiums  thus  prepaid  accrue,  credit 
to  this  account  at  regular  intervals  the  amount  applicable  to  the 
period,  and  charge  same  to  the  appropriate  Insurance  Account. 

752  Prepaid  Interest —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  interest  when  paid  in  advance  of  its 
accrual  on  any  obligation  of  the  utility.  As  the  interest  thus  pre- 
paid accrues,  credit  to  this  account  at  regular  intervals  the 
amount  applicable  to  the  period,  and  charge  the  same  to  the  ap- 
propriate  Interest  Account. 

753  Prepaid  Rents —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  rents  paid  in  advance  of  their  ac- 
crual. As  the  rent  thus  prepaid  accrues,  credit  to  this  account  at 
regular  intervals  the  amount  applicable  to  the  period,  and  charge 
same  to  the  appropriate  expense  account. 

754  Miscellaneous  Prepaid  Accounts — (Classes  A  and  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  prepaid  items  of  the  utility  not  in- 
cluded in  the  preceding  prepaid  accounts.   As  the  amounts  thus  pre- 
paid accrue,  credit  to  this  account  at  regular  intervals  the  amount 
■  applicable  to  the  period,  and  charge  same  to  the  appropriate  ex- 
pense account. 

755  Unamortized  Debt  Discount  and  Expense — (Classes  A  and  B) 

When  bonds  and  other  evidences  of  indebtedness  are  dis- 
posed o-f  for  a  consideration,  the  cash  value  of  which  is  less  than 
the  sum  of  the  par  value  of  the  evidences  of  indebtedness  plus  the 
interest  thereon  accrued  at  the  time  the  transfer  takes  place,  the 
excess  of  such  sum  of  the  par  value  and  accrued  interest  over  the 
cash  value  of  the  consideration  received  shall  .be  charged  to  this 
account. 

To  this  account  shall  also  be  charged  all  expense  connected 
with  the  issue  and  sale  of  evidence  of  debt,  such  as  fees  for  draft- 
ing mortages  and  trust  deeds,  fees  and  taxes  for  recording 
mortgages  and  trust  deeds,  cost  of  engraving  and  printing  bonds, 
certificates  of  indebtedness  and  other  commercial  paper  having  a 
life  of  more  than  one  year,  fees  paid  trustees  provided  for  in 
mortgages  and  trust  deeds,  fees  and  commissions  paid  under- 
writers and  brokers  for  marketing  such  evidences  of  debt,  and 
other    like    expenses. 

At,  or  before,  the  close  of  each  fiscal  period  thereafter,  a 
proportion  of  such  discount  and  expense,  based  upon  the  life  of 
the  security  to  maturity,  shall  be  credited  to  this  account  and 
charged  to  Account  No.  969(a) — Amortization  of  Discount  on 
Debt. 

Such  discount  and  expense  may,  if  desired,  be  extinguished 
more  rapidly  through  charges  of  all  or  any  part  of  it,  either  at  the 
time  of  issue  or  later,  to  sub-account  No.  953 — -Miscellaneous  Ap- 
propriations of  Surplus  Account. 

756  Otlier  Deferred  Charges  and  Suspense  Accounts —  (Classes  A  and  B)' 

Charge  to  this  account  all  items  not  elsewhere  provided  for, 
and  the  proper  final  disposition  of  which  is  uncertain. 

When  the  proper  disposition  of  any  matter  charged  to  this 
account  is  determined,  it  shall  be  credited  to  this  account  and 
charged  to  the  appropriate  account  or  accounts, 


90 

76  Current  Transactions  of  Municipal  Plants  with   City — (Classes 

A,  B  and  C) 

This  account  is  designed  for  the  sole  use  of  utilities  owned  and 
operated  by  municipalities.  For  a  full  explanation  of  the  use  to  be 
made  of  this  account  see  Page  103. 

8  — LIABILITIES 

81  Funded  Debt — (All  Classes) 

Credit  to  this  account  the  par  value  of  all  indebtedness  which,  by 
the  terms  of  its  creation,  does  not  mature  until  more  than  one  year 
after  date. 

These  funded  obligations  of  the  utility  shall  be  divided  into 
classes  according  to  the  following  characteristics :  i.  e.,  as  to  the  un- 
derlying security,  the  rate  of  interest,  interest  dates  and  date  of 
maturity.  A  separate  sub-account  shall  be  opened  for  each  such 
class  of  funded  indebtedness  and  no  debt  not  agreeing  in  the  char- 
acteristics mentioned  shall  be  included  in  the  same  sub-account.  The 
titles  of  each  sub-account  shall  express  the  characteristics  above 
stated.  To  the  proper  sub-accounts  shall  be  credited,  virhen  issued, 
the  par  value  of  the  amount  of  the  evidences  of  funded  indebtedness 
issued.  The  entry  shall  show  not  only  the  amount  issued,  but  the 
purpose  for  which  issued  and  shall  make  clear  and  intelligent 
reference  to  the  corporate  records  showing  full  details  connected 
with  such  transactions.  If  the  consideration  received  for  the  issue 
is  anytliing  other  than  money,  the  entries  shall  show  further  to 
whom  issued  and  shall  describe  with  particularity  to  identify  it,  the 
actual  consideration  received.  If  the  issue  is  to  the  agent  of  an 
undisclosed  principal,  the  name  and  business  address  of  such  agent 
and  the  fact  of  his  agency  shall  be  shown  in  the  entry. 

82  Municipal  Electric  Utility  Bonds — -(Classes  A,  B  and  C) 

This  account  is  to  be  kept  only  by  such  utilities  as  are  owned  and 
operated  by  municipalities. 

For  definitions  and  detailed  instructions  see  Page  103. 

83  Current  Debts 

831  Accounts  Payable — (All  Classes) 

Credit  this  account,  when  incurred,  with  the  value  of  all 
liabilities  of  the  utility  upon  open  account  not  includible  in  any 
of  the   other  current  liability  accounts. 

This  shall  include  at  the  close  of  the  fiscal  year  all  unpaid  bills 
for  apparatus,  materials  and  supplies  received  and  used  during 
year  but  not  previously  credited,  and  also  for  all  salaries  and 
wages  due  and  unpaid. 

832  Notes  Payable— (All  Classes) 

When  any  note,  draft  or  other  bill  payable,  which  matures  not 
later  than  one  year  after  date  of  issuance  or  of  demand  or  as- 
sumption by  the  utility  of  primary  liability  thereon,  is  issued  or 
assumed,  the  value  thereof  shall  be  credited  to  this  account  and 
when  it  is  paid  it  shall  be  charged  to  this  account  and  credited  to 
"Cash"  or  other  appropriate  account. 
83c  Other  Current  Liabilities —  (Classes  C  and  D) 

Credit  to  this  account  for  Classes  C  and  D,  other  current 
liabilities  as  defined  in  the  following  accounts : 


91 

833  Matured  Interest  on  Funded  Debt  Unpaid —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

When  interest  owing  by  the  electric  utility  upon  any  of  its 
funded  indebtedness  matures  and  is  unpaid,  it  shall  be  credited  to 
this  account  and  charged  to  the  account  "Unmatured  Interest  on 
Funded  Debt  Accrued",  to  which  it  had  been  credited. 

834  Other  Matured  Interest  Unpaid—  (Classes  A  and  B) 

When  interest  owing  by  the  utility  upon  any  of  its  unfunded 
debt  matures  and  is  unpaid,  whether  the  cause  of  failure  is  on 
the  part  of  the  holder  of  the  paper  to  present  it  for  payment,  or 
for  other  reasons,  it  shall  be  credited  to  this  account  and  charged 
to  the  account  "Other  Unmatured  Interest  Accrued",  to  which 
it  had  been  credited. 

835  Dividends  Payable —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

When  dividends  are  declared  by  the  corporation,  they  shall  be 
credited  to  this  account  and  charged  to  the  account  "Dividends 
Declared",  which  latter  shall  be  closed  into  "Surplus"  at  the  close 
of  the  fiscal  year. 

836  Consumers'  Deposits —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Credit  to  this  account,  as  such  deposits  are  made,  all  cash  de- 
posited with  the  utility  by  consumers  as  security  for  the  payment 
of  electric  bills.  Deposits  refunded  shall  be  charged  to  this  ac- 
count and  credited  to  "Cash".  Deposits  applicable  to  uncollectible 
electric  bills  shall,  at  the  close  of  the  fiscal  year  or  earlier,  at  the 
option  of  the  accounting  utility,  be  credited  to  the  account  of  the 
consumer  involved  and  debited  to  this  account. 

837  Other  Deposits  Payable—  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Credit  to  this  account  deposits  made  by  employees  and  others. 
When  such  deposits  are  refunded  they  shall  be  charged  to  this 
account  and  credited  to  "Cash". 

838  Other  Current  Liabilities—  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Credit  to  this  account  the  value  of  all  unfunded  obligations 
upon  which  the  utility  is  liable  and  which  are  not  elsewhere  pro- 
vided for,  including  advances  from  affiliated  companies.  The 
utility  will,  of  course,  raise  separate  accounts  for  the  several 
liabilities. 
84  Accrued  Liabilities —  (Classes  C' and  D) 

Credit  to  this  account  the  value  of  the  liabilities  accrued  to  date 
of  balance  sheet  as  defined  in  the  following  accounts : 

841  Taxes  Accrued—  (Classes  A  and  B) 

To  this  account  shall  be  credited  at  the  close  of  each  month  all 
taxes  accrued  during  the  month  and  corresponding  charges  shall 
be  made  to  Account  No.  966  —  "Taxes".  Credits  to  "Taxes  Ac- 
crued" will  be  based  upon  estimates  until  the  amount  of  the  taxes 
levied  for  the  period  is  definitely  ascertained.  Such  estimates 
shall  be  made  upon  the  best  data  available,  and  as  soon  as  the 
amount  of  taxes  for  the  period  is  known,  the  account  involved 
shall  be  adjusted  to  conform.  When  any  taxes  become  due  they 
shall  be  charged  to  this  account  and  credited  to  "Cash"  or  other 
appropriate  account. 

842  Unmatured  Interest  on  Funded  Debt  Accrued—  (Classes  A  and  B) 

To  this  account  shall  be  credited  at  the  close  of  each  period 
all  unmatured  interest  accrued  during  the  period  upon  the  funded 
indebtedness  of  the  utility.     When  such  interest  matures,  it  shall 


92 

be  charged  to  this  account  and  credited  to  the  account  "Matured 
Interest  on  Funded  Debt  Unpaid".  When  paid,  the  interest  shall 
be  charged  to  the  account  "Matured  Interest  on  Funded  Debt 
Unpaid"  and  credited  to  "Cash"  or  other  appropriate  account. 

843  Other  Unmatured  Interest  Accrued —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

To  this  account  shall  be  credited  at  the  close  of  each  month 
all  unmatured  interest  accrued  during  the  month  upon  all  unfunded 
debt  of  the  utility.  When  such  interest  matures  it  shall  be  charged 
to  this  account  and  credited  to  the  account  "Other  Matured 
Interest  Unpaid".  When  the  interest  is  paid,  it  shall  be  charged 
to  the  account  "Other  Matured  Interest  Unpaid"  and  credited  to 
"Cash"  or  other  appropriate  account. 

844  Other  Accrued  Items —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

To  this  account  shall  be  credited  at  the  end  of  each  period  as 
it  accrues,  any  other  obligation  of  the  utility  not  provided  for  in 
any  of  the  preceding  accrued  liability  accounts. 

85  Borrowings  from  Deferred  Upkeep  Fund —  (Classes  A,  B  and  C) 

See   Chapter  on   Provisions   for  Deferred  Maintenance  on   Page 
99. 


9 —  PROPRIETARY    INTERESTS,    RESERVES    AND   PROFIT   &   LOSS 

ACCOUNT 

91  Capital  Stock — (All  Classes) 

In  the  accounts  for  stocks  outstanding  a  separate  account  shall 
be  opened  for  each  class  of  stock  issued  and  no  two  stocks  shall  be 
considered  of  the  same  class  unless  they  are  equal  in  their  dividend 
rights,  voting  rights  and  conditions  under  which  they  may  be  re- 
tired (if  the  right  to  retire  them  is  contained  in  the  contract  of 
issue).  The  three  characteristics  of  each  class  of  stock  in  these  re- 
gards shall  be  designated  in  the  title  of  the  account  opened  to  cover 
such  stock  and  shall  be  clearly  expressed  in  the  first  entries  to  such 
account. 

To  the  account  for  each  class  of  stock  shall  be  credited,  when 
issued,  the  par  value  of  the  amount  of  such  stock  issued.  If  such 
stock  issue  is  for  money,  that  fact  shall  be  stated,  and  if  for  any 
other  consideration  than  money,  the  persons  to  whom  issued  shall  be 
designated  and  the  consideration  for  which  issued  shall  be  described 
with  sufficient  particularity  to  admit  of  identification;  if  such  issue 
is  to  the  treasurer  or  other  fiscal  agent  of  the  corporation,  or  if  by 
him  disposed  of  for  the  benefit  of  the  corporation,  that  fact  and  the 
name  of  such  agent  shall  be  shown  and  such  agent  in  his  account  of 
the  disposition  thereof  shall  show  like  details  concerning  the  con- 
sideration realized  thereon,  which  account,  when  accepted  by  the 
corporation,  shall  be  preserved  as  a  corporate  record. 

In  accordance  with  the  foregoing  definition,  each  utility  will  raise 
upon  its  books,  sub-accounts  for  each  class  of  capital  stock  issued 
and  outstanding,  e.  g. : 


93 

911  Capital  Stock  —  Common' 

912  Capital  Stock  — First  Preferred 

913  Capital  Stock  —  Second  Preferred,  etc. 

When  a  premium  is  realized,  upon  an  issue  of  any  class  of 
stock,  such  premium  should  be  credited  to  account  No.  941  — 
"Premium  on  Capital  Stock"  and  the  credit  shall  remain  in  that 
account  so  long  as  the  stock  remains  outstanding.  By  "premium 
realized"  is  meant  the  excess  of  the  actual  money  value  of  the 
consideration  at  the  time  of  issue  of  the  stock,  over  the  par  value 
of  the  stock. 

92  Non-Corporate  Proprietorship 

921  Sole    Proprietorship — (All   Classes) 

This  account  is  designed  to  carry  the  value  of  the  net  worth 
of  a  utility  owned  by  a  single  proprietor,  and  shall  appear  in  the 
ledger  under  a  caption  bearing  the  name  of  the  proprietor.  The 
account  shall  be  debited  with  all  withdrawals  and  credited  with 
all  contributions,  and  shall  be  debited  with  losses  and  credited 
with  profits  transferred  from  the  current  Profit  and  Loss  Account 
after  closing. 

922  Partnership— (All  Classes) 

This  account  is  designed  to  carry  the  value  of  the  net  worth 
of  a  utility  owned  by  a  partnership.  Each  partner  shall  have  an 
investment  account  in  the  ledger,  under  a  caption  bearing  his  name, 
which  account  shall  be  debited  and  credited  in  the  same  manner 
as  under  the  preceding  definition. 

923  City  Investment — (Classes  A,  B  and  C) 

This  account  is  to  be  kept  only  by  such  utilities  as  are  owned 
and  operated  by  municipalities.  For  definition  see  the  special  in- 
structions on  page  103. 

93  Reserve  for  Deferred  Upkeep —  (All  Classes) 

This  account  is  sub-divided  for  Class  A  utilities  as  follows  :  — 

931  Reserve  for  Extraordinary  Repairs 

932  Reserve  for  Renewals  and  Replacements 

933  Reserve  for  Contingencies 

For  definitions  and  detailed  instructinns  see   page  99. 

94  Other  Reserves —  (Class  C) 

Credit   to   this   account   all   the   matters   provided    for   under   the 
following  heads : 

941  Premium  on  Capital  Stock —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

When  any  stock  is  sold  at  a  premium,  by  which  is  meant  the 
excess  of  the  actual  money  value  of  the  consideration  received  for 
stock  issued  over  the  par  value  of  such  stock  (except  stock  that  has 
been  sold  and  re-acquired)  such  excess  amount  shall  be  credited  to 
this  reserve  and'  carried  there  permanently,  or  until  the  stock  is 
retired,  when  this  account  shall  be  charged  and  "Surplus"  credited. 

In  no  event  until  the  retirement  of  the  stock,  should  this  ac- 
count be  merged  with  Surplus  or  become  available  for  dividends. 

942  Unamortized  Premium  on  Debt —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

When  funded  debt  securities  or  other  evidences  of  indebtedness 
are  disposed  of  for  a  consideration  whose  cash  value  is  greater 
than  the  sum  of  the  par  value  of  such  securities  or  other  evidences 


94 

of  indebtedness  plus  the  interest  thereon  accrued  at  the  time  the 
transfer   takes   place,   the  excess   of  the   cash   value  of  such   con- 
sideration received  over  the  sum  qf  the  par  value  of  the  securities 
or  other  evidences  of  indebtedness  and  the  accrued  interest,  should 
be  credited  to  this  account.     At  monthly,  or  other  regular  intervals, 
thereafter,  a  proportion  of  such  premium  based  upon  the  life  of  the 
security  or  other  evidence  of  indebtedness  to  maturity,  should  be 
charged  to   this  account  and  credited   to  account   No.   967  —  "Re- 
lease of  Premium  on  Debt"  in  the  Income  Account. 
Note:     In  reporting,  the  total  of  the  "Release  of  Preynium  on  Debt" 
for  the  year  shall  be  deducted  from  the  "Interest  on  Funded  Debt" 
in  a  separate  indented  item. 

943  Reserve  for  Uncollectible  Accounts—  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Credit  this  account  periodically  vi^ith  the  charge  made  to  the 
account  No.  38  —  "Uncollectible  Accounts",  as  explained  in  connec- 
tion therewith.  When  any  account  for  electric  service,  upon  which 
any  debtor  is  liable  to  the  utility,  becomes  impossible  of  collection 
because  of  the  removal  of  the  debtor  beyond  the  jurisdiction  of 
the  State,  the  operation  of  the  Statute  of  Limitations,  discharge  in 
bankruptcy,  or  for  any  other  good  and  sufficient  reason  after  dil- 
igent effort  to  collect  the  same  has  been  made,  such  account  may 
be  charged  to  this  account  and  credited  to  '"Accounts  Receivable", 
to  which  it  was  originally  charged. 

All  accounts  which  have  been  charged  off  as  uncollectible,  but 
which  are  afterwards  collected,  shall  be  credited  to  this  reserve. 

An  analysis  of  the  charges  and  credits  to  this  reserve  will  be 
called  for  by  the  Public  Utilities  Commission. 

944  Sinking  Fund  Reserves — ■  (Classes  A  and  B) 

In  all  cases  where  the  contractual  stipulations  in  mortgage 
deeds,  deeds  of  trust,  or  other  contracts  require  the  creation  of  a 
sinking  fund,  this  contra  account  specially  ear-marking  the  disposi- 
tion of  the  surplus  so  invested  in  sinking  fund,  shall  be  maintained. 

Credit  to  this  account  and  charge  to  account  No.  952  —  "Con- 
tractual Sinking  Fund  Requirements",  all  such  transfers  from  Sur- 
plus. Credit  to  this  account  and  charge  to  the  Fund  all  accretions 
resulting  from  any  securities  belonging  to  the  fund,  complementary 
to  each  reserve.  The  title  of  each  fund  shall  clearly  indicate  the 
.purpose  for  which  it  is  being  maintained  and  a  separate  sinking 
fund  reserve  account  shall  be  maintained  for  each  contractual  re- 
quirement. 

945  Amortization  Reserve —  (Classes  A  and   B) 

This  account  shall  be  raised  to  provide  for  the  amortization 
of  intangible  assets,  such  as  limited  franchises  and  patents  in 
service,  whose  value  is  gradually  being  extinguished  by  the  lapse  of 
time.  To  it  shall  be  credited  monthly,  or  as  they  are  made,  all  the 
amounts  charged  from  time  to  time  to  account  No.  969(b)  — 
"Amortization  Reserve  Requirements",  which  account  is  to  be  set 
up  where  the  nature  of  the  asset  occasions  the  setting  up  of  this 
reserve. 

For  example,  a  corporation  pays  five  thousand  dollars  ($5,- 
000.00)  for  certain  rights  for  a  period  of  ten  years.  In  order  that 
this  amount  shall  be  set  aside  out  of  revenue  and  the  actual  capital 
of  the  corporation   not  impaired,  there  shall  be  charged  regularly 


95 

to  the  account  "Amortization  Reserve  Requirement",  crediting  the 
"Amortization  Reserve",  an  amount  which,  at  the  end  of  the 
franchise  term,  will  have  created  an  amount  equivalent  to  the  cost 
of  the  right. 

When  the  value  of  the  intangible  asset  has  been  reduced  to  nil, 
the  asset  account  shall  be  credited  and  the  reserve  charged,  thus 
accomplishing  the  purpose  for  which  it  was  raised. 

-An  analysis  of  the  charges  and  credits  to  this  reserve  will  be 
called  for  in  the  annual  report  to  the  Public  Utilities  Commission. 

946  Other  Reserves —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

To  this  account  shall  be  credited  all  the  credits  held  in  reserve 
for  operating  or  other  purposes  other  than  those  provided  for  in 
the  preceding  accounts.  The  first  entry  of  a  credit  to  this  or  any 
sub-account  under  this  caption,  with  respect  to  any  particular  re- 
serve shall  show  the  purpose  of  the  reserve,  and  every  subsequent 
entry  with  respect  to  that  reserve  shall  designate  the  reserve  to 
which  it  relates. 
95  Surplus  —  Deficit — (All  Classes) 

This  account  or  summary  is  the  connecting  link  between  the 
•'Income  and  Profit  &  Loss"  account  — No.  96,  and  the  Balance 
Sheet.  It  summarizes  the  changes  in  the  corporate  surplus  or 
deficit  during  a  given  fiscal  period  resulting  from  the  business  trans- 
actions during  that  period,  as  well  as  those  efifected  by  any  disposi- 
tion of  net  profits  made  solely  at  the  option  of  the  corporation,  by 
accounting  adjustments  not  properly  attributable  to  the  period,  or  by 
miscellaneous  losses  or  gains  not  provided  for  elsewhere. 

To  this  account  should  be  carried  the  net  balance  of  the  ac- 
counts forming  the  "Income  and  Profit  &  Loss"  account  —  No.  96, 
for  the  current  period,  and  in  it  should  be  summarized  all  optional 
appropriations  (including  dividends  declared),  miscellaneous  ad- 
justments due  to  errors  in  the  accounting  of  prior  fiscal  periods, 
profits  from  the  sale  of  securities  or  other  property,  losses  upon 
property  sold  or  otherwise  retired  and  not  covered  by  reserves,  and 
any  unusual  losses  and  gains  of  like  nature. 

For  these  matters  the  following  accounts  are  provided  : 

951  Dividends  Declared — (All  Classes) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  amount  of  dividends  declared  on 
the  outstanding  capital  stock  of  the  utility,  crediting  No.  835  — 
"Dividends  Payable".  If  a  dividend  is  payable  in  anything  other 
than  money,  such  thing  shall  be  fully  described  in  the  entry.  No 
dividend  shall  be  declared  on  capital  stock  issued  by  the  Com- 
pany and  held  by  it  or  for  it.  If  dividends  are  declared  on  both 
common  and  preferred  stock,  this  account  shall  be  sub-divided  to 
show  this  information. 

Note;  For  iiiniiicipally  ozviicd  and  operated  utilities  an  ac- 
count designated  "Interest  on  City  Investment"  zvill  be  substituted 
for  Account  No.  g^i  "Dividends  Declared". 

See  Special  Instructions  on.  Page  I03- 

952  Contractual  Sinking  Fund  Requirements —  (All  Classes) 

Charge  to  this  account  and  credit  account  No.  944  —  "Sinking 
Fund  Reserves"  the  amount  transferred  from  Surplus  for  sinking 
fund  reserve  purposes,  under  terms  of  mortgages,  deeds  of  trust, 
or  other  contracts  that  provide  for  such  allotment  or  transfer. 


96 

963  Miscellaneous  Appropriations —  (Classes  A,  B- and  C) 

Charge  this  account  with  all  optional  appropriations  from 
Surplus.  This  includes  gratuities,  gifts  and  optional  appropriations 
to  reserves. 

954  Adjustments  Prior  Period —  (Dr  or  Cr)  —  (Classes  A,  B  and  C) 

Credit  to  this  account  all  additions  to  surplus  due  to  erroneous 
accounting  in  previous  fiscal  periods,  bad  debts  collected  after  being 
written  off  (other  than  those  provided  for  in  Acct.  No.  943)  profits 
arising  from  the  sale  of  securities  and  other  property,  and  charge 
with  all  miscellaneous  decreases  due  to  erroneous  accounting  in 
previous  periods,  the  inclusion  of  which  would  distort  the  statistics 
for  the  current  period,  and  also  all  miscellaneous  losses  and  ex- 
penses not  provided  for  under  the  expense  accounts. 
96  Income  and  Profit  &  Loss  —  (All  Classes) 

This  account  brings  together  those  accounts  that  show  the  total 
earnings  the  corporation  received  or  became  entitled  to  receive  for 
services  rendered  during  the  fiscal  period,  the"  returns  accruing  dur- 
ing the  period  upon  investments,  and  the  expenses  and  obligations 
incurred  that  affect  the  disposition  of  the  amounts  so  earned  or 
accrued. 

The  following  accounts  make  up  the  Income  and  Profit  &  Loss 
Account  and  should  be  closed  into  this  account  at  the  close  of  the 
fiscal  year : 

961  Operating  Revenues —  (Classes  A,  B  and  C) 

Credit  this  account  with  the  total  operating  revenues  of  the 
utility  for  the  period  covered,  and  charge  accounts  Nos.  Oil  to  099 
inclusive  to  close. 

962  Operating  Expenses —  (Classes  A,  B  and  C) 

Charge  this  account  with  the  total  operating  expenses  of  the 
utility  for  the  period  covered,  and  credit  accounts  Nos.  Ill  to  399 
inclusive  to  close. 

963  Miscellaneous  Revenue  and  Expense —  (Classes  A,  B  and  C) 

Credit   this    account   with    all    the    miscellaneous    revenue   and 
charge   with    all    the    miscellaneous    expenses    for    the    period    and 
debit  or  credit  accounts  Nos.  411  to  499  inclusive  to  close. 
96rl  Interest  on  Funded  Debt — (All  Classes) 

Charge  this  account  regularly  at  the  close  of  each  period  with 
all  interest  accrued  on  outstanding  funded  indebtedness  of  the 
utility,  (such  obligations  with  respect  to  this  account  being  con- 
sidered as  fvmded  if  they  do  not  mature  within  one  year). 

Credit  all  such  charges  to  "Unmatured  Interest  on  Funded 
Debt  Accrued".  When  the  interest  has  matured,  charge  that  ac- 
count and  credit  "Matured  Interest  on  Funded  Debt  Unpaid", 
which  latter  account  is  to  be  charged  when  payment  is  made, 
crediting  "Cash"  or  other  appropriate  account. 
965  Other  Interest—  (All  Classes) 

Charge  to  this  account  regularly  at  the  close  of  each  period 
the  interest  accruing  on  all  unfunded  and  floating  obligations  on 
which  the  electric  utility  is  liable.  Credit  such  charges  to  account 
"Unmatured  Interest  Accrued".  When  the  interest  has  matured, 
charge  that  account  and  credit  "Matured  Interest  Unpaid".  When 
such  interest  is  paid,  charge  the  latter  account  and  credit  "Cash" 
or  other  appropriate  account. 


97 

966  Taxes— (All   Classes) 

This  account  shall  cover  all  taxes  chargeable  against  the  electric 
utility.  When  the  reporting  utility  is  also  engaged  in  transactions 
outside  the  scope  of  its  duties  as  a  public  utility,  this  account  should 
be  subdivided  in  the  following  two  sub-accounts,  to  be  maintained 
separately : 

a  —  Taxes  chargeable  against  electric  utility. 
'  b  —  Taxes  chargeable  to  other  departments. 

To  each  such  tax  account  there  shall  be  charged  regularly  the 
amount  of  taxes  accrued  during  the  period,  and  such  amount  shall 
be  credited  to  the  account  Taxes  Accrued,  or  the  appropriate  sub- 
division of  such  account.  The  amount  of  taxes  accrued  during  the 
period  shall,  when  the  levy  is  unknown,  be  estimated,  and  when  the 
levy  is  finally  determined  the  estimate  shall  be  corrected  in  the  pro- 
vision for  taxes  during  the  remainder  of  the  year.  Such  taxes  as 
pertain  to  two  or  "more  utility  services,  or  to  operating  and  non- 
operating  transactions  alike,  shall  be  apportioned  with  regard  to 
such  departments  or  subdivisions  upon  a  basis  which  appears  reason- 
able and  just,  such  basis  to  be  reported  in  the  annual  report  to  the 
Public  Utilities  Commission. 
'96g  Miscellaneous  Deductions  from  Income — (For  Class  C) 

This  account  includes  all  the  matters  provided  for  under  the  fol- 
lowing heads : 

967  Release  of  Premium  on  Debt—  (Credit)  —  (Classes  A  and  B) 

Credit  this  account  at  the  close  of  each  period  with  the  propor- 
tion of  the  premium  at  which  outstanding  debt  was  issued,  which 
is  applicable  to  the  period.  This  proportion  shall  be  determined 
according  to  a  rule,  the  uniform  application  of  which  during  the 
interval  between  the  issue  and  the  maturity  of  any  debt  will  com- 
pletely amortize  the  premium  at  which  such  debt  was  issued.  In 
the  report,  the  total  amount  of  this  credit  will  be  deducted  from 
"Interest  on  Funded  Debt". 
•968  Loss  on  Operations  of  Others — (Classes  A  and  B) 

This  account  includes  amounts  assumed  or  payable  under  the 
terms  of  agreement  or  contract  binding  the  Company  to  make  up 
any  deficit  or  losses  resulting  from  the  operation  of  other  com- 
panies  or   individuals. 
969  Miscellaneous  Deductions  from  Income— (For  Class  B) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  the  deductions  defined  in  the  follow- 
ing sub-accounts : — 
969a  Amortization  of  Discount  on  Debt— (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  at  the  close  of  each  period  and  credit 
account  No.  755  —  "Unamortized  Debt  Discount  and  Expense", 
the  proportion  of  the  unextinguished  discounts  on  bonds  ap- 
plicable to  the  period.  This  proportion  shall  be  such  an  amount 
as  will  completely  amortize  the  discount  on  the  debt  and  the  ex- 
pense connected  therewith,  during  the  interval  between  the  time 
of  issue  and  the  maturity  of  the  same. 

The  Company  may,  if  it  so  desires,  earlier  amortize  such  dis- 
count by  charging  all  or  any  portion  thereof  to  "Surplus". 
•969b  Amortization  Reserve  Requirements  —  (Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  at  the  close  of  each  period  and 
credit   account    No.   945  —  "Amortization   Reserve",   an   amount 

*7    p.  u. 


98 

necessary  to  adequately  provide  for  the  amortization  of  the  in- 
tangible assets  in  service.  These  charges  shall  include  amounts 
necessary  to  cover  such  portions  of  the  life  of  rights  and  patents 
as  have  expired  or  been  consumed  during  the  period.  Such 
charges  shall  be  credited  to  the  account  "Amortization  Reserve", 
until  such  time  as  it  is  desired  to  close  out  this  intangible  asset, 
when  the  account  "Amortization  Reserve"  will  be  debited  and 
the  appropriate  asset  account  credited. 

Also  charge  to  this  account  at  the  close  of  any  fiscal  period, 
such  portion  of  the  original  money  costs  (estimated  if  nof 
known)  of  limited  landed  property  (i.  e.  interest  in  land  such  as 
long  term  leases,  the  terms  of  which  are  more  than  one  year) 
as  is  necessary  to  cover  the  proportion  of  the  life  thereof  ex- 
pired during  such  period. 
969c  Rents  Accrued  for  Lease  of  Plants — (Class  A) 

Charge  this  account  with  all  amounts  accrued  against  the 
accounting  utility  for  rent  of  plant  and  equipment  which  it  holds 
under  some  form  of  lease  from  another  company,  and  of  which 
it  has  exclusive  possession. 

969d  Other  Deductions   from  Income — '(Class  A) 

Charge  to  this  account  all  deductions  from  income  not  pro- 
vided for  in  the  foregoing  accounts. 


PROVISIONS  FOR  DEFERRED  MAINTENANCE 


DEFINITIONS  AND   EXPLANATIONS 

The  law  of  Ohio  relating  to  this  matter  is  as  follows : 

Depreciation 
Account 

"Section  614-49  —  Every  public  utility  shall  carry  a  proper  and 
adequate  depreciation  or  deferred  maintenance  account,  whenever  the 
commission  after  investigation  shall  determine  that  a  depreciation  account 
can  be  reasonably  required^  The  commission  shall  ascertain,  determine 
and  prescribe  what  are  proper  and  adequate  charges  for  depreciation 
of  the  several  classes  of  property  for  each  public  utility.  The  charge,  for 
depreciation  shall  be  such  as  will  provide  the  amount  required  over  and 
above  the  cost  and  expense  of  maintenance  to  keep  the  property  of  the 
public  utility  in  a  state  of  efficiency  corresponding  to  the  progress  of  the 
art  or  industry.  The  commission  may  prescribe  such  changes  in  such 
charges  for  depreciation  from  time  to  time  as  it  may  find  necessary." 

Depreciation 
Fund 

"Section  614-50  —  The  moneys  for  depreciation  charges  thus  pro- 
vided for  shall  be  set  aside  out  of  the  earnings  and  carried  as  a  deprecia- 
tion fund.  The  moneys  in  such  fund  may  be  expended  in  new  construc- 
tion, extensions  or  additions  to  the  property  of  the  public  utility,  or 
invested,  and  if  invested,  the  income  from  the  investment  shall  also  be 
carried  in  the  depreciation  fund.  Such  fund  and  the  proceeds  thereof, 
may  be  used  for  the  purpose  of  renewing,  restoring,  replacing  or  sub- 
stituting depreciated  property  in  order  to  keep  the  plant  in  a  state  of 
efficiency.  Such  fund  and  the  proceeds  or  income  therefrom  shall  be 
used  for  no  purpose  other  than  as  provided  in  this  section,  except  upon 
the  approval  of  the  commission." 

In  order  to  provide  the  bookkeeping  machinery  for  making  a  proper  record 
relating  to  the  matter  of  Deferred  Maintenance,  each  utility  shall  keep  the  follow- 
ing four  accounts : 

No.  27  —  "Deferred  Upkeep"   (Or  some   sub-account  thereundet).     This 

account  will  measure  the  deferred  expenses  for  future  maintenance  chargeable 
against  the  current  operations,  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  made  by  the 
management  of  the  utility  to  take  care  of  such  deferred  expense. 

No-  93  —  "Reserve  for  Deferred  Upkeep"  (Or  some  sub-account  there- 
under). This  account  provides  the  bookkeeping  machinery  through  which  to  record 
the  entire  history  of  the  transactions  affecting  the  deferred  maintenance. 

No.  63  —  "Deferred  Upkeep  Fund."  This  account  will  represent  an  ac- 
tual fund  set  apart  from  the  current  receipts,  from  which  to  defray  the  future 
cost  of  deferred  maintenance. 

99 


lOO 

No.  85  —  "Borrowings  from  Deferred  Upkeep  Fund.  This  account  will 
measure  the  amount  of  the  '"Deferred  Upkeep  Fund"  expended,  or  in  process  of 
being  expended,  for  new  construction,  extensions  or  additions,  permitted  to  be 
made  by  the  utility,  under  Section  614-50. 

Account  No.  27  — "Deferred  Upkeep"  shall  be  charged  and  Account  No.  93  — 
"Reserve  for  Deferred  Upkeep''  shall  be  credited  monthly,  or  annually,  with  such 
an  amount  as,  in  the  judgment  of  the  management,  will  be  sufficient  to  maintain 
the  structures  and  equipment  of  the  utility  as  an  efficient  instrument  for  rendering 
service  for  all  time. 

Account  No.  63  —  "Deferred  Upkeep  Fund"  shall  be  charged  and  current  cash 
credited  monthly  or  annually  for  the  amount  transferred  to  the  "Deferred  Upkeep 
Fund"  equal  to  the  charge  to  "Deferred  Upkeep"  and  the  corresponding  credit  to 
"Reserve  for  Deferred  Upkeep". 

For  Class  A  utilities,  both  the  maintenance  charge  for  "Deferred  Upkeep" 
and  the  corresponding  credit  to  the  "Reserve"  have  been  sub-divided  as  follows  :  — 

Account  Account 

No.                   Charges  No.                   Credits 

271  —  Extraordinary  Repairs  931  —  Reserve  for  Extraordinary  Re- 

272  —  Renewals  and  Replacements  pairs 

273  —  Contingencies  932  —  Reserve  for  Renewals  and  Re- 

placements 
933  —  Reserve  for  Contingencies 

The  "Deferred  Upkeep  Fund",  however,  need  not  be  so  subdivided. 

The  charges  to  "Deferred  Upkeep"  for  such  anticipated  extraordinary  repairs, 
renewals  and  replacements,  and  contingencies,  shall  be  determined  by  the  manage- 
ment of  the  utility,  taking  into  consideration  all  material  experience  of  the  past,  as 
well  as  the  best  estimate  of  the  future,  and  shall  be  so  fixed  as  to  distribute  the 
burden  of  such  deferred  expense,  as  nearly  as  may  be,  evenly  throughout  the  useful 
life  of  the  property. 

'Pending  the  making  of  rules  by  the  Commission  under  the  authority  of 
Section  614-49,  the  utility  shall  furnish  to  the  Commission  annually  a  summary 
analysis  of  the  charges  and  credits  to  the  "Reserve  for  Deferred  Upkeep". 

The  "Deferred  Upkeep  Fund"  shall  be  kept  separate  from  the  current  cash,  and 
may  be  deposited  in  bank  or  invested  in  readily  convertible  securities.  All  interest 
and  income  from  the  deposit  or  investment  of  this  Fund  shall  accrue  to  and  be 
charged  to  the  Fund,  and  credited  to  the  "Reserve  for  Deferred  Upkeep",  or  if,  in 
pursuance  to'  the  permission  given  in  Section  614-50,  the  utility  uses  money  from 
this  Fund  for  new  construction,  extensions  or  additions  to  its  property,  the  amount 
so  expended  shall  be  considered  as  a  loan  made  by  the  Fund,  and  an  entry  passed 
•charging  "Current  Cash"  and  crediting  Account  No.  85  —  "Borrowings  from  De- 
ferred Upkeep  Fund." 

The  borrowed  money  shall  be  restored  to  the  Deferred  Upkeep  Fund  whenever 
necessitated  by  the  demand  upon  the  Fund  for  defraying  expenditures  for  deferred 
maintenance. 

The  credit  balances  appearing  in  any  reserve  accounts  relating  to  the  fixed 
assets  of  the  utility  as  of  December  31,  1914,  for  depreciation  or  for  deferred  main- 
tenance, as  herein  defined,  shall  be  carried  forward  intact  on  the  books  of  the 
utility  as  of  that  date.  On  January  1,  1915  (or  as  soon  thereafter  as  the  utility  shall 
have  provided  for  the  accounts  prescribed  in  this  classification)  an  entry  shall  be 
passed  as  of  January  1,  1915,  charging  all  such  accounts  and  crediting  "Reserve  for 
Deferred  Upkeep"  or,  in  the  case  of  Class  A  utilities,  one  or  more  of  its  sub- 
divisions as  the  management  of  the  utility  may  decide.     As  of  the  same  date  a 


lOI 

journal    entry   shall   be   passed    charging   "Deferred    Upkeep    Fund"    and    crediting 
"Borrowings  from  Deferred  Upkeep  Fund"  for  the  total  amount  of  such  reserves. 

When  "Extraordinary  Repairs"  as  later  defined  herein,  are  made,  the  cost 
the'reof  shall  be  charged  to  the  "Reserve  for  Deferred  Upkeep"  (Class  A  "Reserve 
for  Extraordinary  Repairs")  and  defrayed  from  the  "Deferred  Upkeep  Fund". 

When  items  of  tangible  hxed  assets  are  retired  from  service,  whether  as  the 
result  of  wear  and  tear,  breakage,  supercession,  discontinuance  of  use,  or  as  the 
result  of  contingencies  as  herein  defined,  they  shall  be  credited  at  their  original 
cost  (estimated  if  not  known)  to  the  fixed  asset  accounts  affected,  and  charged  to 
the  "Reserve  for  Deferred  Upkeep",  (Class  A  "Reserve  for  Renewals  and  Replace- 
ments"). Their  then  value,  if  any,  as  second-hand  material  or  junk,  shall  be  charged 
to  the  sub-account  "Scrap"  under  Account  No.  73  —  "Materials  and  Supplies"  and 
credited  to  the  "Reserve  for  Deferred  Upkeep"  (class  A  "Reserve  for  Renewals 
and  Replacements)".  The  proceeds  from  the  sale  of  such  scrap  shall  be  transferred 
periodically  from  the  current  cash  to  the  "Deferred  Upkeep  Fund",  and  any  errors 
in  the  estimate  of  the  value  of  such  scrap,  as  determined  by  its  sale  or  other  dis- 
position, shall  be  adjusted  between  the  accounts  involved. 

When  items  of  fixed  assets  thus  retired  from  service  are  renewed  or  replaced, 
the  total  cost  of  the  new  property  shall  be  charged  to  the  appropriate  Fixed  Asset 
Accounts,  and  such  portion  only  of  the  renewal  or  replacement  as  is  measured  by 
the  credit  to  the  Fixed  Asset  Accounts  for  the  retirement  of  the  property  renewed 
or  replaced  shall  be  defrayed  from  the  "Deferred  Upkeep  Fund". 

"Deferred  Upkeep"  or  deferred  maintenance  consists  of  such  expenditures 
necessary  to  be  made  in  the  future  in  order  to  keep  the  structures  and  equipment 
composing  the  physical  plant  of  the  utility  in  proper  state  of  repair  and  efficiency, 
whether  such  maintenance  be  necessitated  by  wear  and  tear,  accidental  breakage, 
destruction  by  casualties,  or  by  supercession  due  to  changes  in  the  art. 

"Current  Repairs"  is  not  chargeable  to  "Deferred  Upkeep"  and  is  provided  for 
herein  by  direct  charges  to  the  several  maintenance  accounts  in  the  classification, 
and  is  defined  as  the  ordinary  current  daily,  weekly,  or  monthly  repairs,  necessary 
to  be  made  to  a  similar  extent,  one  year  with  another,  to  keep  the  plant  in  current 
operating  condition. 

"Extraordinary  Repairs^'  is  defined  as  the  larger  and  more  unusual  repairs 
made  to  structures  or  equipment,  the  deterioration  of  which  has  been  accumulating 
for  a  period  of  time  and  which,  in  the  nature  of  things,  it  would  be  impracticable 
to  overcome  by  "Current  Repairs".  Provision  for  such  repairs  through  charges  to 
"Deferred  Upkeep"  serves  the  purpose  of  distributing  the  burden  of  such  expense 
over  a  similar  period  of  time  and  also  of  equalizing  cost  statistics. 

"Renewals  and  Replacements"  is  defined  as  the  cost  of  rehabilitation  of  such 
a  complete  unit  of  structure  or  equipment  as  can  be  identified  in  the  property  ac- 
counts of  the  utility.  When  the  use  of  any  tangible  fixed  asset  is  discontinued  it 
shall  be  treated  as  retired,  whether  renewed  or  replaced  or  other  property  substituted 
therefor,  or  not. 

"Contingencies"  is  defined  as  the  additional  cost  of  maintaining  the  structures 
and  equipment  of  the  utility,  resulting  from  casualties  and  events  of  an  unusual, 
extraordinary  and  unforseen  character,  not  covered,  or  which,  in  the  judgment  of 
the  Commission,  it  would  not  be  good  business  practice  to  cover  by  insurance.  The 
character  of  these  contingencies  is  so  varied  that  it  is  not  possible  to  anticipate  in 
what  form  they  will  arise.  Among  others  there  are  storms,  floods,  fires,  explosions, 
strikes,  riots,  civil  disturbances,  and  other  similar  disasters,  involving  destruction 
of  property  and  partial  or  complete  suspension  of  service.  The  effect  of  "Con- 
tingencies" is  two-fold,  (1)  to  hasten  the  date  when  the  property  involved  needs 
to  be  repaired,  renewed  or  replaced,  and    (2)   to  occasion  losses  and  require  ex- 


102 

penditures  additional  to  the  cost  of  restoration  of  the  structures  and  equipment 
reflected  in  the  fixed  asset  accounts.  Class  A  utilities  shall  charge  to  the  "Reserve 
for  Renewals  and  Replacements"  so  much  of  this  cost  as  is  reflected  by  the  credit 
to  fixed  asset  accounts  for  property  retired,  and  the  remainder  of  such  cost  shall  be 
charged  to  the  "Reserve  for  Contingencies",  and  defrayed  from  the  "Deferred 
Upkeep  Fund". 

At  the  close  of  any  reporting  period  Class  A  utilities  may,  by  proper  adjusting 
journal  entries,  transfer  balances  comprising  the  "Reserve  for  Deferred  Upkeep" 
from  one  subdivision  of  the  Reserve  to  another,  in  order  to  equalize  and  adjust 
any  errors  of  judgment  in  making  the  estimates  for  the  several  classes  of  deferred 
maintenance. 

In  the  case  of  Classes  B,  C  and  D  utilities  the  charges  to  the  sub-divisions  of 
the  "Deferred  Upkeep"  and  the  credits  to  the  sub-divisions  of  the  "Reserve  for 
Deferred  Upkeep",  prescribed  for  Class  A  utilities,  may  be  made  to  the  account 
"Deferred  Upkeep"  and  to  the  account  "Reserve  for  Deferred  Upkeep". 

The  requirements  relating  to  the  setting  aside  of  the  "Deferred  Upkeep  Fund" 
will  be  complied  with  by  periodical  reimbursement  to  the  "Fund  Cash"  or  the  "Cur- 
rent Cash",  as  the  case  may  be,  of  the  difference  between  the  receipts  that  accrue 
to  the  Fund  and  the  disbursements  payable  from  the  Fund,  and  it  will  not  be  neces- 
sary to  pay  vouchers  by  a  separate  series  of  checks  drawn  against  the  Fund  for 
such  items  as  are  payable  from  the  Ftmd.  If  receipts  accruing  to  the  Fund  and 
expenditures  payable  from  the  Fund  are  not  currently  deposited  therein  or  dis- 
bursed therefrom,  an  accounting  may  be  set  up  on  the  books  of  the  utility  in  such 
a  manner  as  will  preserve  a  permanent'  record  exhibiting  the  following: 

Fund  Receipts  by  Current  Cash  —  Dr. 

(1)  The  sum  total  of  all  charges  to  "Deferred  Upkeep"  for  the  period. 

(2)  Receipts  from  the  sale  of  scrap  from  retired  or  abandoned  property  for 
the  period. 

(3)  Receipts,  if  any,  from  earnings  on  fund  investments  for  the  period. 

(4)  All  other  receipts  properly  accruing  to  the  Fund  for  the  period. 

Fund  Disbursements  by  Current  Cash  —  Cr. 

(1)  "Borrowings  from  Deferred  Upkeep  Fund"  for  the  period. 

(2)  The  portion  of  the  cost  of  renewals  and  replacements  credited  to  fixed 
asset  accounts  and  charged  to  the  Reserve,  measuring  that  portion  of  the  cost 
of  the  property  retired  for  the  period  which  has  been  replaced. 

(3)  Extraordinary  Repairs,  measured  by  the  charges  to  "Reserve  for  Ex- 
traordinary Repairs"  for  the  period. 

(4)  Contingencies,    measured    by    the    charge    to    the   "Reserve    for    Contin-' 
gencies"  for  the  period. 

(5)  All  other  expenditures  properly  payable  from  the  Fund  for  the  period. 

The  excess  of  the  Fund  receipts  over  the  expenditures  payable  from  the 
Fund,  shall  be  transferred  from  the  "Current  Cash"  to  the  "Deferred  Upkeep 
Fund";  or  vice  versa. 

The  foregoing  requiren^ents  are  prescribed  both  for  privately  and  municipally 
owned  utilities.  Municipally  owned  and  operated  utilities  shall  raise  the  "Reserve 
for  Deferred  Upkeep"  provided  for  herein,  and  concurrently  make  the  proper  com- 
plementary charges  to  "Deferred  Upkeep". 

Note:  Under  the  system  of  accounts  prescribed  herein,  it  is  possible  for  the 
"Reserve  for  Deferred  Upkeep"  to  stand  in  debit  balance.  When  the  Reserve  for 
Deferred  Upkeep  stands  in  debit  balance  it  will  be  treated  &n  the  balance  sheet  in 
the  report  to  the  Commission  as  a  MINUS  proprietary  interest;  when  it  stands  in 
credit  balance,  as  a  PLUS  proprietary  interest. 


ADDITIONAL  INSTRUCTIONS  FOR 
MUNICIPALLY  OWNED  AND  OPERATED  UTILITIES 


In  order  that  the  accounting  system  herein  prescribed  for  electric  utilities 
shall  provide  the  same  facilities  for  determining  the  results  of  operations  of  munici- 
pally owned  and  operated  utilities  as  it  provides  for  privately  operated  utilities,  it 
is  necessary,  due  to  certain  governmental  requirements,  that  municipal  utilities  shall 
keep  certain  accounts  of  a  different  character  from  those  required  to  be  kept  by 
privately  owned  utilities. 

In  addition  to  the  accounts  prescribed  in  this  classification  for  all  electric 
utilities  (whether  privately  or  municipally  owned)  all  municipal  utilities  shall, 
therefore,  keep  the  following  five  accounts  or  sub-divisions  thereof. 

No.  923  —  City  Investment. 

This  account  shall  be  raised  as  representing  the  investment  of  the  municipality 
in  the  utility  (exclusive  of  any  outstanding  bonds  which  are  shown  separately  as 
a  liability  of  the  utility,  in  Account  No.  82). 

To  raise  this  account  will  involve  an  interrogation  of  the  history  of  the 
municipal  utility  from  its  beginning.  In  making  the  calculations  based  upon  the 
facts  derived  from  such  analysis  of  the  history  of  the  utility,  an  accurate  record  of 
the  following  data  must  be  made: 

(1)  All  payments  made  by  the  municipality  or  from  the  Sinking  Fund  on 
account  of  the  utility's  debt  service  (payments  of  bonds  and  interest)  together 
with  interest  thereon  from  the  dates  of  such  payments  to  the  date  of  raising  this 
account. 

(2)  All  payments  made  by  the  municipality  to,  for,  or  on  account  of  the 
utility,  from  taxes  or  general  funds,  together  with  interest  thereon  from  the  dates 
of  such  payments  to  the  date  of  raising  this  account. 

(3)  The  estimated  amount  of  all  taxes  and  assessments  which  the  utility 
would  have  paid  had  it  been  privately  owned,  together  with  interest  thereon  from 
the  dates  such  taxes  and  assessments  would  have  become  due  to  the  date  of  raising 
this  account. 

(4)  Rent  of  public  property  used  by  the  utility,  but  treated  as  an  asset  of 
other  departments,  and  the  value  of  services  and  supplies  furnished  to  the  utility 
by  the  municipality  or  any  department  thereof,  together  with  interest  thereon 
from  the  date  when  such  rent  would  have  accrued  and  the  dates  when  such 
services  and  supplies  were  furnished  to  the  date  of  raising  this  account. 

(5)  Such  other  items  (not  above  enumerated),  together  with  interest  thereon 
from  the  dates  of  their  accrual  to  the  date  of  raising  this  account,  as  it  would  be 
necessary  to""  set  up  in  order  to  place  the  municipally  owned  utility  on  the  same 
basis  as  a  privately  owned  utility. 

From  the  sum  of  the  foregoing  items  shall  be  deducted. 

(1)  The  value  of  all  free  services  and  supplies  furnished  by  the  utility  to  all 
other  governmental  departments,  computed  at  a  reasonable  rate,  but  at  a  rate  not 
higher  than  charged  by  the  utility  to  private  consumers  for  similar  services  and 

103 


I04 

supplies,  together  with  interest  thereon  from  the  dates  of  the  furnishing  of  such 
services  or  supplies  to  the  date  of  raising  this  account. 

(2)  All  payments  of  mone}'-  by  the  utility  to  the  municipality  or  to  the  Sink- 
ing Fund,  together  with  interest  thereon  from  the  dates  of  such  payments  to  the 
date  of  raising  this  account. 

The  resultant  figure  shall  be  raised  as  a  credit  in  this  account,  and  the  com- 
plete detail  of  the  calculation  shall  be  preserved  in  a  permanent  and  approved 
form  as  the  support  for  the  initial  journal  entry  raising  the  accounts  prescribed  in 
this  classification. 

No  current  entries  will  be  made  in  this  account. 

Account  No.  50  —  Plant  Investment  as  of  January  1,  1915,    (provided  herein 
for  all  electric  utilities). 

After  all  of  the  current  and  nominal  assets  of  the  utility  shall  have  been 
raised  upon  the  debit  side  and  all  of  the  funded,  current  and  nominal  liabilities 
and  the  City  Investment  Account  upon  the  credit  side,  all  in  accordance  with  the 
requirements  of  this  classification  and  the  instructions  herein,  the  difference  be- 
tween the  sums  of  the  two  sides  shall  be  raised  as  a  debit  balance  in  Account 
No.  50  —  Plant  Investment  as  of  January  1,  1915. 

If  the  plant  investment  accounts  of  the  utility,  at  the  date  of  the  adoption  of 
these  accounts,  are  substantially  classified  in  the  form  herein  prescribed,  or  if 
the  amount  representing  the  utility's  property  can  be  accurately  allocated  to  the 
fixed  asset  accounts  as  provided  for  in  this  classification,  such  allocation  may  be 
made,  but  these  charges  to  the  fixed  asset  accounts  shall  be  so  designated  upon 
the  books  of  the  utility  as  to  show  clearly  that  they  relate  only  to  property  in- 
stalled prior  to  January  1,  1915.  The  annual  report  to  the  Public  Utilities  Com- 
mission of  a  utility  making  such  distribution  shall  show-  the  portion  of  each  ac- 
count represented  by  investment  made  prior  to  January  1,  1915. 

Account  04  —  Free  Municipal  Services. 

To  this  account,  or  its  sub-divisions,  there  shall  be  credited  (at  a  reasonable 
rate,  but  at  a  rate  not  higher  than  charged  by  the  utility  to  private  consumers  for 
similar  services)  the  value  of  all  services  and  supplies  furnished  to  other  govern- 
mental departments,  whether  municipal  or  otherwise,  when  such  services  and 
supplies  are  furnished  free,  and  are  not  currently  paid  for  by  such  departments  so 
as  to  add  to  the  utility's  cash  account  as  hereinafter  defined. 

The  complementary  charges  for  the  value  of  such  free  services  shall  be  made 
to  Account  No.  76  —  "Current  Transactions  of  Municipal  Plants  with  City",  or 
one  of  its  sub-divisions. 

Note  :  Any  service  for  which  payment  is  currently  made  to  the  utility  by 
other  governmental  departments  shall  be  credited  to  the  appropriate  revenue 
account  in  this  classification. 

Account  No.  76  —  Current  Transactions  of  Municipal  Plants  with  City. 

This  account  is  to  record  the  current  transactions  between  the  utility  and 
the  municipality  and  should  reflect  the  indebtedness  from  the  utility  to  the  munici- 
pality or  from  the  municipality  to  the  utility,  according  as  the  value  of  services 
(including  taxes  and  interest  on  the  investment)  rendered  free  by  the  municipality 
to  the  utility  or  by  the  utility  to  the  municipality  is  the  greater. 


105 

To  this  account,  or  its  sub-divisions,  shall  be  charged — 

(1)  The  value  of  all  free  services  and  supplies  furnished  by  the  utility  to 
other  governmental  departments  not  currently  paid  for  by  said  governmental  de- 
partments, these  items  being  a  credit  to  an  appropriate  sub-division  of  Account 
No.  04  —  "Free  Municipal  Services." 

(2)  All  payments  of  money  made  by  the  utility  to  the  municipality  or  to  the 
Sinking  Fund  from  its  cash  account  as  herein  defined,  these  items  being  a  credit 
to  Account  No.  71  — "Cash." 

To  this  account,  or  its  sub-divisions,  shall  be  credited — 

(1)  The  value  of  all  free  services  and  supplies  furnished  by  other  municipal 
departments  to  the  utility  and  rent  for  property  of  other  departments  used  by  the 
utility,  these  items  being  a  charge  to  the  appropriate  expense  accounts  in  this- 
classification. 

(2)  All  moneys,  other  than  from  the  cash  account  of  the  utility  as  defined 
herein,  paid  to  or  for  the  utility  by  the  municipality,  these  items  being  a  charge  to- 
Account  No.  71  —  "Cash"  or  other  appropriate  account. 

(3)  An  estimate  of  the  taxes  and  assessments  that  would  have  been  paid 
were  the  utility  privately  owned  and  operated,  these  items  being  a  charge  to  Ac- 
count No.  966  — "Taxes." 

(4)  The  payment  of  bonds,  as  defined  in  Account  No.  82,  or  the  payment 
of  interest  thereon  (when  made  by  the  municipality  or  from  the  Sinking  Fund, 
and  not  from  the  utility's  cash  account,  as  defined  herein),  these  items  being  a 
charge  to  Account  No.  82  —  Municipal  Electric  Utility  Bonds,  or  Account  No.  964 
—  Interest  on  Funded  Debt,  as  the  case  may  be. 

(5)  Interest,  as  defined  under  Account  No.  951,  this  item  being  a  charge  to- 
Account  No.  951  —  Interest  on  City  Investment. 

This  account  may  be  sub-divided  into  accounts  of  transactions  with  the 
municipality  in  its  several  departments  and  accounts  of  transactions  with  the  county;., 
school  district  or  other  political  sub-divisions. 

Account  No.  82 — ^  Municipal  Electric  Utility  Bonds. 

The  par  value  of  all  outstanding  municipal  bonds  and  any  other  evidences  of 
indebtedness  not  maturing  until  more  than  one  year  after  date,  which  pertain  to 
or  the  proceeds  from  which  have  accrued  to  the  benefit  of  the  utility,  shall  be 
raised  herein  as  a  liability  of  the  utility  at  the  time  of  raising  the  accounts  pre- 
scribed in  this  classification. 

This  account  shall  be  currently  credited  with  any  additional  bonds  or  other 
evidences  of  indebtedness  not  maturing  until  more  than  one  year  after  date,  which 
pertain  to  or  the  proceeds  from  which  accrue  to  the  benefit  of  the  utility,  the  com- 
plementary charge  being  to  Account  No.  71  —  "Cash,"  or  to  a  specially  earmarked 
cash  account  raised  for  keeping  the  cash  derived  from  the  proceeds  of  bonds  sepa- 
rate from  the  current  cash. 

Account  No.  951  —  Interest  on  City  Investment. 

To  this  account  shall  be  charged  interest  computed  upon  the  sum  of  the  credit 
balances  in  Account  No.  923  —  "City  Investment"  and  Account  No.  76  —  "Current 
Transactions  of  Municipal  Plants  with  City,"  or  if  the  latter  be  in  debit  balance, 
then  upon  the  difference  between  the  credit  and  debit  balances  respectively  in  these 
two  accounts,  this  item  being  a  credit  to  Account  No.76  —  Current  Transactions  of 
Municipal  Plants  with  City. 


io6 

When,  at  the  end  of  the  fiscal  period,  the  revenue  and  expense  accounts,  as 
prescribed  in  this  classification  for  all  electric  utilities,  together  with  those  herein 
prescribed  for  municipal  utilities  only  are  closed  upon  the  books  of  the  municipal 
titility  into  Account  No.  96  —  Income  and  Profit  &  Loss  Account  (Current 
Period),  the  balance  therein  shall  be  closed  to  Account  No.  95  —  "Surplus-Deficit." 
Account  No.  951  —  "Interest  on  City  Investment"  shall  likewise  be  closed  thereto. 

The  Surplus-Deficit  Account  will  then  measure  the  difference  between  all  of 
the  assets  raised  upon  the  books  of  the  municipal  utility  and  all  of  the  liabilities 
plus  the  City  Investment  account,  considering  the  account  "Current  Transactions 
of  Municipal  Plants  with  City"  as  an  asset  or  a  liability,  as  the  case  may  be. 

Whether  any  actual  transfer  of  funds  be  made  by  the  utility  to  the  general 
funds  of  the  municipality  or  not,  it  is  the  intent  that  the  accounts  herein  pre- 
scribed shall  exhibit  such  facts  as  will  permit  of  a  comparison  of  the  operating 
results  of  a  municipal  utility  with  those  of  a  privately  owned  utihty. 

Note  A :  By  the  cash  account  of  the  municipal  utility  is  meant  the  account 
(by  whatever  name  it  may  he  called)  which  shall  he  raised  upon  the  books  of  the 
utility  in  which  to  charge  the  deposit  with  the  municipality  of  all  cash  received  by 
the  utility  and  to  credit  the  payment  of  all  warrants  upon  the  disbursing  officer  of 
the  municipality  which  are  payable  from  the  cash  so  deposited. 

This  account  cannot  be  more  specifically  defined  because  of  \zvide  differences 
in  the  form  of  business  organisation  of  municipal  corporations.  However,  this 
■account  shall  be  so  raised  aiid  such  entries  made  therein,  upon  the  books  of  the 
utility,  as  will  make  it  the  equivalent  of  a  cash  account  which  would  be  charged 
with  all  receipts  of  the  utility  and  credited  with  all  payments  from  such  receipts 
were  the  utility  possessed  of  a  financial  organisation  separate  from  that  of  the 
municipality  and  thus  the  custodian  of  such  cash. 

Note  B  :  For  instructions  for  making  charges  for  Deferred  Maintenance  by 
»nunicipally  otvned  utilities,  sec  page  99. 


APPENDIX 


INSTRUCTIONS  AND  DEFINITIONS  OF  ACCOUNTS  FOR  CLASS  "D" 

UTILITIES 

For  the  purpose  of  avoiding  difficulties  which  it  was  feared  Class  "D" 
Utilities  might  have  in  referring  to  the  regular  text  of  accounts,  for  the  substance 
of  the  several  greatly  condensed  accounts  to  be  kept  by  them,  it  was  considered 
advisable  to  include  in  an  appendix  to  this  text  a  very  much  condensed  set  of  in- 
structions. 

The  Balance  Sheet  Accounts  include  those  accounts  which  show  — 

1.  The  cost  of  the  propertj^  which  the  utility  owns, 

2.  The  dehts  which  it  owes. 

3.  The  equitit's  of  its  pVoprietors  in  its  net  worth.     (Book  value.) 

The  accounts  which  show  the  propert}'  of  the  utility  are  called  Assets.  The 
accounts  which  show  the  debts  of  the  utility  are  called  Liabilities,  and  the  accounts 
which  show  the  equity  of  the  proprietors  or  the  "net  worth"  of  the  utility  are,  in 
the  case  of  a  sole  proprietorship  or  partnership,  shown  in  accounts  bearing  the 
names  of  such  proprietors,  and  in  the  case  of  a  corporation,  in  accounts  carrying 
the  par  value  of  the  outstanding  capital  stock  and  in  accounts  representing  Surplus 
or  Deficit  and  Reserves. 

The  Income  Accounts  include  those  accounts  which  show  the  history 
of  the  utility's  operations  for  the  fiscal  year.  They  are  those  accounts  which 
classify  the  various  revenues  or  earnings,  and  the  various  expenses  incurred  to 
produce  such  earnings.  In  other  words,  the  Balance  Sheet  shows  the  utility's 
"financial  status,"  while  the  Income  Account  reflects  a  history  of  the  utility's 
operations  and  shows  "how  it  got  there." 

The  difference  between  the  Revenues  and  Expenses  measures  profit  or  loss, 
and  such  profit  or  loss,  when  added  to  or  deducted  from  the  undistributed  profit  or 
loss  carried  forward  from  the  former  period,  again  measures  the  difference  between 
the  assets  and  the  liabilities  plus  the  capital  stock  of  the  utility  as  at  the  close  of 
the  fiscal  year. 

It  follows  that  unless  the  property  which  a  utility  has,  exactly  equals  the 
amount  of  money  it  has  put  into  it,  plus  the  debts  it  has  (assuming  that  there  have 
been  no  withdrawals  or  contributions  in  the  meantime)  there  will  be  either  a  profit 
or  a  loss.  Hence  the  difference  between  the  sum  of  the  accounts  which  record 
earnings  and  the  sum  of  the  accounts  which  record  expenses,  must  perforce  be 
equal  to  the  difference  between  the  "Net  Assets"  at  the  beginning  of  the  period 
and  the  "Net  Assets"  at  the  close. 

Note:  By  the  term  "Net  Assets"  is  meant  the  excess  of  the  actual  assets  over 
the  actual  liabilities;  —  Capital  Stock,  Surplus,  Reserves  and  Profit  and  Loss  Ac- 
counts being  elements  of  Proprietorship,  and  not  considered  as  Liabilities. 

The  books  of  the  utility  shall  be  kept  by  double  entry. 

This  involves  the  recording  of  all  financial  facts  with  a  debit  and  credit 
entry  in  categories  of  Assets  and  Liabilities,  and  of  Revenues  and  Expenses.  For 
example:  —  When  bills  are  rendered  to  consumers,  Accounts  Receivable  is  debited 

107 


io8 

and  the  proper  earning  account  is  credited.  When  bills  are  paid  by  consumers,. 
Cash  is  debited  and  Accounts  Receivable  credited. 

When  bills  for  expenditures  are  incurred,  thej-  will  be  debited  either  to  the 
appropriate  asset  account  or  the  appopriate  expense  account,  as  the  case  may  be, 
and  credited  either  to  Accounts  Payable  or  to  Cash,  in  accordance  with  the  facts. 

Since  both  tlie  Commission  and  the  utility  wish  to  rely  upon  the  accuracy 
of  any  statement  showing  either  financial  status  and  gains  or  losses  from  giving 
service  for  a  period,  such  statement  must  naturally,  be  based  upon  an  accurate 
accounting  record,  which  can  onty  be  secured  by  means  of  the  double  entry  method 
of  bookkeeping. 

A  distinction  must  here  be  drawn  between  "earnings"  and  '"receipts"  and 
between  "expenses"  and  "disbursements."  A  part  of  the  money  which  a  utility 
has  earned  in  giving  a  service  may  not  have  been  collected,  nevertheless  it  was^ 
earned  during  the  year.  A  statement  to  be  accurate  therefore,  must  show,  not  the 
cash  receipts  but  the  earnings. 

Likewise,  it  may  happen  that  all  the  bills  for  the  year  have  not  been  paid^ 
If  any  material  is  bought  and  used  during  the  year,  or  if  any  labor  has  been  per- 
formed, it  is  a  part  of  the  cost  of  giving  service,  whether  such  materials  or  labor 
have  been  paid  for  during  the  year  or  not ;  hence,  the  utility  must  show,  not  its- 
payments  but  its  expenses. 

BALANCE  SHEET  ACCOUNTS 
ASSETS 

No.  I  —  Cost  of  Plant 

This  account  will  show  the  cost  to  the  utility  of  constructing  its  plant, 
devoted  to  electrical  operations  only.  If  it  is  purchased  instead  of  being 
constructed  by  the  utility,  this  account  will  show  the  amount  paid  for 
same. 

It  must  be  kept  in  mind  that  to  this  account  there  shall  be  made  only 
those  charges  which  increase  the  original  cost  of  the  property.  In  other 
words,  this  account  should  show  what  the  plant  cost,  and  should  not  show- 
any  expenses  for  repairing  or  maintaining  it. 

As  an  illustration :  Let  it  be  assumed  that  a  plant  is  built  costing 
$5,000.00.  This  amount  will  appear  as  a  debit  in  this  account.  As  soon 
as  operation  is  begun,  the  plant  will  begin  to  become  less  efficient  through 
wear  and  tear,  accidental  breakage,  obsolescence,  etc.  If,  then,  it  becomes 
necessary  to  make  repairs  to  maintain  the  efficiency  of  the  plant,  the  ex- 
penses for  such  repairs  will  not  be  charged  to  this  account,  but  to  account 
No.  42  — "Repairs." 

If,  however,  it  becomes  necessary  to  increase  the  plant,  either  by  its 
enlargement  or  improvement,  or  by  the  addition  of  new  equipment,  the 
cost  of  such  items  are  appropriate  charges  to  this  account. 

Again,  if  a  dynamo  which  cost  $1,000.00  is  replaced  by  one  costing 
$1,500.00,  this  account  will  be  charged  with  $500.00  and  $1,000.00  will  be 
charged  to  "Repairs"  —  (See  explanation  under  "Deferred  Upkeep" —Ac- 
count  No.  43.) 

No.  2  —  Cash 

This  account  will  be  debited  with  all  cash  received  and  credited  with 
all  cash  paid  out.  The  excess  of  the  debits  over  the  credits  to  this  account 
will  show  the  balance  of  cash  on  hand  at  any  time. 


.    109 

No.  3  —  Accounts  Receivable 

This  account  will  be  debited  with  all  charges  for  services  of  any 
character,  and  will  be  credited  with  all  payments  received  and  allowances 
made  from  the  original  charge.  If  any  allowances  or  deductions  are  made 
from  the  charges  raised  in  accounts  receivable  for  electric  service,  such 
credit  to  accounts  receivable  will  be  debited  to  the  earning  account  which 
originally  carried  the  credit.  Uncollectible  Accounts  Receivable  will  be 
charged  directly  to  Profit  &  Loss. 

Detailed  accounts  with  individuals  will  be  kept  in  auxiliary  records, 
and  the  total  of  the  charges  unpaid  or  uncancelled  in  such  records  should 
equal  the  debit  balance  in  this  account.  It  will,  of  course,  be  optional  with 
the  utility  whether  it  keeps  a  single  general  ledger  account  entitled  "Ac- 
counts Receivable,"  which  controls  the  detailed  accounts  with  the  in- 
dividuals, or  whether  it  keeps  upon  the  general  books  the  individual  ac- 
counts, the  sum  of  which  individual  accounts  is  reported  under  this  item. 

No.  4 — -Notes  Receivable 

This  account  will  be  debited  with  all  notes  accepted,  and  will  be 
credited  wnth  the  payment  or  the  cancellation  of  the  notes. 

No.  5  —  Materials,  Supplies  and  Prepaid  Expenses 

When  materials  are  bought,  they  will  be  charged  to  either  Account 
No.  1,  or  Accounts  Nos.  41,  42,  44  or  47,  as  prescribed  in  these  accounts, 
depending  upon  the  use  to  be  made  of  them.  But  it  may  happen  that  at 
the  end  of  the  year  (when  the  report  is  called  for)  that  certain  material 
which  had  been  charged  up  as  expenses,  will  not  have  been  used.  For  the 
purpose  of  showing  this  unused  material  as  a  part  of  the  assets  of  the 
utility,  the  cost  of  such  material  as  has  not  been  used,  will  be  credited  to 
the  expense  account  to  which  it  was  originally  charged. 

The  inventory  of  this  material,  thus  credited  at  the  close  of  the  fiscal 
year  to  the  several  expense  accounts  before  closing  the  books,  will,  after 
drawing  the  line,  be  again  brought  forward  upon  the  debit  side  of  the 
same  account  as  being  expenses  incurred  applicable  to  the  future  period. 
The  sum  of  all  such  inventory  credits  will  be  shown  in  the  report  under 
this  item  — "No.  5." 

A  similar  principle  applies  to  the  payment  of  Expenses,  where  such 
expenses  are  paid  in  advance  and  the  benefit  accrues  therefrom  in  the 
future.  In  addition  to  inventorying  materials,  the  unused  part  of  such 
items  as  insurance,  prepaid  interest,  or  rents  paid  in  advance,  shall  like- 
wise be  inventoried  and  treated  in  the  same  fashion. 

Note:  The  utility  may  keep  Stores  accounts  in  which  event  such 
accounts  will  themselves  reflect  the' inventory  of  materials  and  obviate  the 
necessity  for  the  foregoing  procedure. 

No.  6  —  Other  Current  Assets 

To  this  account,  or  some  sub-division  thereof,  will  be  charged  any 
other  current  assets  of  an  Electric  Utility,  should  there  be  any  which  can- 
not be  classitied  under  the  foregoing  accounts. 

No.  7  —  Investments 

To  this  account  will  be  charged  any  investments  in  stocks  or  bonds  or 
other  properties  not  included  in  the  foregoing  accounts,  and  which  property 
is  not  used  in  the  ordinary  operations  of  the  company  or  proprietor. 


no 

No.  8 — Deferred  Upkeep  Fund  (optional) 
See  instructions  on  Page  99. 

No.   9  —  Property   Used  In  Other  than  Electric  Operations 

In  case  the  reporting  utility  is  engaged  in  other  than  electric  operations- 
as  a  part  of  its  regular  business,  the  cost  of  any  property  devoted  to  these 
outside  operations  shall  be  carried  in  this  account,  or  such  sub-division 
of  this  account  as  may  be  desired,  and  shall  not  be  carried  in  the  account 
"Cost  of  Plant." 

LIABILITIES 

No.  1 1  —  Funded  Debt 

To  this  account  will  be  credited  the  value  of  all  bonded  and  other  in- 
debtedness which,  by  the  terms  of  its  creation,  does  not  mature  -until  more 
than  one  year  after  date. 

No.  12  —  Accounts  Payable 

Credit  to  this  account  all  liabilities  upon  open  accounts,  which  shall  in- 
clude at  the  close  of  the  fiscal  year  all  unpaid  bills  for  apparatus,  materials, 
and  supplies  received  during  the  period,  as  well  as  all  salaries  and  wages 
due  and  unpaid.  Debit  this  account  with  the  payment  of  all  liabilities 
which  have  been  credited  therein. 

No.  13  —  Notes  Payable 

Credit  to  this  account  any  notes  issued,  and  debit  this  account  when  the 
note  is  paid  or  otherwise  liquidated. 

No.  14  — Other  Current  Liabilities. 

Credit  to  this  account,  or  some  sub-division  thereof,  any  other  current 
liabilities,  including  consumers'  deposits,  matured  interest  unpaid,  or  any 
other  items  payable  not  otherwise  provided  for,  and  debit  the  same  when 
payment  is  made. 

No.  IS  —  Accrued  Liabilities 

At  the  close  of  each  fiscal  year  the  utility  will  make  an  inventory-  of 
such  proportion  of  taxes,  interest,  wages  and  other  items  not  due  or  pay- 
able, but  which  have  accrued  during  the  year,  and  it  will  charge  such 
accrued  items  to  the  appropriate  expense  account  by  the  inverse  of  the 
procedure  in  which  the  inventory,  discussed  in  Account  No.  5,  was  raised. 

After  the  books  have  been  closed  for  the  year,  the  amount  of  such 
accrued  items  which  have  been  charged,  will  be  brought  forward  as  a 
credit  in  the  same  account  for  the  subsequent  period;  the  sum  of  such 
accrued  liabilities  which  have  been  inventoried,  will  compose  this  item 
—  No.  15. 

No.  16  —  Borrowings  from  Deferred  Upkeep   Fund   (Optional) 
See  instructions  on  Page  99. 

PROPRIETORSHIP 

No.  21  —  Capital  Stock  —  Individual  or  Partner's  Capital  Accounts 

To  this  account  shall  be  credited  the  par  value  of  the  capital  stock 
which  the  utility  has  issued. 

Where  the  utility  is  not  operated  by  a  corporation,  it  will  show  the 
capital  of  the  individual  or  partners  in  accounts  bearing  their  names. 


Ill 

No.  22 — Surplus  —  Deficit 

Sec  I'rofit  and  Loss  Account. 

No.  23  —  Reserve  for  Deferred  Upkeep  (Optional) 
Sec  instructions  on  Page  U'.K 

INCOME  ACCOUNTS 
REVENUES 

No.  31  —  Street  Lighting  Earnings 

To  this  account  will  be  credited  the  earnings  of  the  utility  for  lighting 
the  streets  and  other  public  places  of  the  municipality. 

No.  32 — Other  Electric  Earnings 

To  this  account  will  be  creditcfl  all  electrical  earnings  other  liian  earn- 
ings from  street  lighting. 

No.  33  —  Earnings  from  Other  than  Electric  Utility  Operations 

In  case  the  reporting  utility  is  engaged  in  other  than  electric  opera- 
tions, as  a  part  of  its  regular  business,  it  will  credit  to  this  account,  or 
such  sub-divisions  thereof  as  it  may  desire,  all  other  earnings  not  included 
in  the  two  foregoing  accounts  for  electric  earnings. 

EXPENSES 

No.  41  —  Operating  Expenses 

To  this  account  wi'  be  charged  the  cost  of  all  labor  and  material, 
supplies  and  expenses,  incurred  during  the  year  in  the  operation  of  the 
electric  utility.  It  will  include  all  expenses  other  than  maintenance  of  plant 
and  equipment,  and  other  than  such  expenses  as  may  be  classified  as  general 
expenses. 

No.  42  —  Repairs 

Charge  to  this  account  all  expenses  incurred  in  maintaining  the  plant 
and  equipment. 

No.  43  —  Deferred  Upkeep  (Optional) 
See  instructions  on  Page  99. 

No.  44  —  General  Expenses 

Charge  to  this  account  all  expenses  of  operation  not  included  under 
Operating  Expenses  or  Repairs,  such  as  office  salaries,  office  rent,  office 
supplies  and  expenses,  law  expenses,  stationery  and  printing,  commercial 
expenses,  business  promotion  expenses,  public  service  commision  ex- 
penses, etc. 

No.  45  —  Taxts 

Charge  to  this  account  all  taxes  paid,  or  which  have  accrued,  as  ex- 
plained under  Account  No.  15. 

No.  46  —  Interest 

Charge  to  this  account  all  interest  paid,  or  which  has  accrued,  a» 
explained  under  account  No,  15. 


112 

No.  47  —  Expenses  for   Other  than  Electric  UtiUty  Operations 

In  case  the  reporting  utihty  is  engaged  in  other  than  electric  opera- 
tions, any  expenses  incurred  in  such  operations  will  be  charged  to  this 
account  or  such  subdivisions  thereof  as  may  be  desired. 

No.  22  —  Profit  &  Loss 

At  the  close  of  the  year,  this  account  having  been  previously  ruled 
ofif,  and  the  balance  brought  down,  will  have  transferred  to  it  the  credit 
balances  shown  in  the  revenue  accounts,  numbers  31  to  33,  and  the  debit 
balances  shown  in  the  expense  accounts  —  41  to  47  inclusive. 

At  the  same  time  such  revenue  and  expense  accounts  will  be  balanced 
and  ruled  off,  and  the  prepayments  or  accruals  inventoried  therein,  as 
hereinbefore  explained,  will  be  brought  down  to  the  opposite  side  of  the 
new  account  for  the  next  period. 

The  balance  between  the  sum  of  the  closing  entries  on  the  two  sides 
of  the  "Profit  &  Loss"  account  will  now  measure  the  profit  or  loss  for  the 
year. 

In  the  case  of  a  sole  proprietorship  or  a  partnership,  this  "Profit  and 
Loss"  account  will  be  closed  by  the  transfer  of  the  proper  share  in  the 
profits  or  losses  to  the  proprietors'  capital  accounts. 

In  the  case  of  a  corporation  it  will  stand  open  and  will,  during  the 
year,  be  charged  with  all  dividends.  If  the  corporation  should  prefer  to 
do  so,  it  can  close  this  "Profit  and  Loss"  account  annual^,  by  transferring 
the  balance  therein  to  an  account  called  "Surplus,"  and  make  all  charges 
for  dividends  in  the  latter  account.  In  any  event,  at  the  close  of  every 
fiscal  year  the  account  called  "Surplus,"  or  the  debit  or  credit  balance  in 
the  "Profit  and  Loss"  account,  after  the  books  have  been  closed,  will  equal 
the  difference  between  the  assets  and  the  liabilities  plus  proprietorship,  as 
hereinbefore  explained. 

No.  8  —  Deferred   Upkeep    Fund 

No.  i6  — Borrowings  from  Deferred  Upkeep  Fund 

No.  22  —  Reserve  for  Deferred  Upkeep 

No.  43  —  Deferred  Upkeep  Expense 

These  accounts  have  been  prescribed  for  Class  "A,"  "B"  and  "C" 
utilities.  The  keeping  of  these  accounts  will  be  optional  with  class  "D" 
utilities.  The  operation  of  these  accounts  has  been  fully  explained  in  the 
main  text  at  page  99  of  these  instructions,  t^  which  class  "D"  utilities 
are  referred. 

While  it  is  optional  with  class  "D"  utilities  to  keep,  or  not  keep  these 
accounts,  in  any  controversy  arising  with  reference  to  rates,  which  may  be 
brought  before  the  Commission,  the  principles  laid  down  in  the  text 
referred  to  will  govern,  and  if  class  "D"  utilities  have  not  kept  their 
records  so  as  to  enable  the  Commission  to  ascertain  a  history  of  the  facts, 
such  facts  will  have  to  be  ascertained  from  a  study  and  analysis  in  each 
case,  and  the  burden  of  proof  of  ascertaining  the  extent  of  such  deferred 
upkeep  (usually  called  depreciation)  will  fall  upon  the  utility. 

However,  when  a  class  "D"  utility  plant  is  operated  by  a  company 
also  operating  plants  of  a  higher  class,  the  accounting  and  fund  provisions 
for  "Deferred  Upkeep"  herein  provided  shall  be  required  and  not  be 
optional. 


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